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Balulu
Balulu (, ; ) was the final king of the First Dynasty of Ur, according to the ''Sumerian King List The ''Sumerian King List'' (abbreviated ''SKL'') or ''Chronicle of the One Monarchy'' is an ancient Composition (language), literary composition written in Sumerian language, Sumerian that was likely created and redacted to legitimize the claims ...'', which states he ruled for 36 years: Both his reign and the dynasty came to an end when he was defeated by a king of Awan. References 25th-century BC Sumerian kings First Dynasty of Ur 3rd-millennium BC births 3rd-millennium BC deaths {{AncientNearEast-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elulu
Elulu (, ; ) is listed as the third king of the First Dynasty of Ur on the ''Sumerian king list'', which states he reigned for 25 years. One early inscription for an "Elulu (or Elili), king of Ur" was found at nearby Eridu, stating that this king had built up the '' abzu'' ziggurat for Enki. Some scholars have further connected Elulu with the "Elilina" who was said to be the father of the later king Enshakushanna of Uruk Uruk, the archeological site known today as Warka, was an ancient city in the Near East, located east of the current bed of the Euphrates River, on an ancient, now-dried channel of the river in Muthanna Governorate, Iraq. The site lies 93 kilo ..., but this theory is uncertain, owing to chronological difficulties. The inscription states that Enshakushanna's father was "Elilina", possibly King Elulu of Ur: References See also * History of Sumer 25th-century BC Sumerian kings First Dynasty of Ur 3rd-millennium BC births 3rd-millennium B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
A'annepada
A'annepada (; ) was a king of the First Dynasty of Ur. He was a son of Mesannepada. It is thought that his tomb may be tomb PG 580 in the Royal Cemetery at Ur. Votive tablets Several tablets are known that bear his name, in particular dedicated to Ninhursag, and proclaiming Mesannepada as his father: Foundation cone A foundation cone in a copper alloy was found in Ur, bearing the name of "King A'annepada" in a dedication for Inanna, now in the British Museum (BM 90951). The cone was discovered by John George Taylor, John Taylor in 1854 during his excavations in Ur. It has a length of 34.3 centimeters, a diameter of 3.7 centimeters, and weighs 1.7 kilograms. According to the British Museum, it was found together with two other objects, a carved stone with handle and a lapis lazuli portrait, which together probably formed a foundation deposit.:File:Artifacts from Third Dynasty of Ur.jpg, Museum notice The actual content of the inscription had been overlooked, until it was publi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sumerian King List
The ''Sumerian King List'' (abbreviated ''SKL'') or ''Chronicle of the One Monarchy'' is an ancient Composition (language), literary composition written in Sumerian language, Sumerian that was likely created and redacted to legitimize the claims to power of various city-states and kingdoms in southern Mesopotamia during the late third and early second millennium BC. It does so by repetitively listing Sumerian cities, the kings that ruled there, and the lengths of their reigns. Especially in the early part of the list, these reigns often span thousands of years. In the oldest known version, dated to the Third Dynasty of Ur, Ur III period () but probably based on Akkadian Empire, Akkadian source material, the ''SKL'' reflected a more linear transition of power from Kish (Sumer), Kish, the first city to receive kingship, to Akkad (city), Akkad. In later versions from the Old Babylonian Empire, Old Babylonian period, the list consisted of a large number of cities between which kingshi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mesh-ki-ang-Nanna
Meskiagnun, also Mesh-ki-ang-Nanna (, ''Meskiag̃nun'' es-ki-aŋ₂-nun also , ''Meskiag̃nunna'' Dmes-ki-aŋ₂-nun-na">dingir.html" ;"title="sup>dingir">Dmes-ki-aŋ₂-nun-na ), was the fourth lugal or king of the First Dynasty of Ur, according to the ''Sumerian King List'', which states he ruled for 36 years. Bowl dedication Meskiagnun is mentioned in two bowl dedications by his wife Gan-Saman, with the same inscription: Records of temple dedication to the gods in the Tummal inscription He is also mentioned in the Tummal Inscription with his father Mesannepada, as restoring the Tummal shrine to Enlil and Ninlil in Nippur after it had "fallen into ruin": Chronological discrepancies The Tummal inscription attests to a relative date for Meskiagnun and his father between Enmebaragesi and Gilgamesh, whereas the ''Sumerian King List'' dates the father and son pair generations after Enmebaragesi and Gilgamesh. Samuel Noah Kramer Samuel Noah Kramer (September 28, 1897 – N ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mesannepada
Mesannepada (, [MES-AN-NE2-PAD3-DA]), Mesh-Ane-pada or Mes-Anne-pada ("Youngling chosen by An"; died ) was the first king listed for the First Dynasty of Ur on the Sumerian king list. He is listed to have ruled for 80 years, having overthrown Lugal-kitun of Uruk: "Sumerian King List, Then Unug (Uruk) was defeated and the kingship was taken to Urim (Ur)". In one of his seals, found in the Royal Cemetery at Ur, he is also described as king of Kish (Sumer), Kish. Filiation The "Treasure of Ur" discovered in Mari Mesannepada was a son of Meskalamdug. A lapis-lazuli bead with the name of King Meskalamdug was found in Mari, Syria, Mari, in the so-called "Treasure of Ur", and reads:Description with photograph: File:UNESCO Lapis lazuli bead, National Museum of Damascus, Syria.jpg, The lapis lazuli bead from Mari, National Museum of Damascus, Syria ("King of Ur", side) File:Mesannepada bead from Mari.jpg, Transcription of the Mari bead Initially, it was thought that this bead (re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Standard Of Ur
The Standard of Ur is a Sumerian Artifact (archaeology), artifact of the 3rd millennium BCE that is now in the collection of the British Museum. It comprises a hollow wooden box measuring wide by long, inlaid with a mosaic of shell, red limestone, and lapis lazuli. It comes from the ancient city of Ur (located in modern-day Iraq west of Nasiriyah). It dates to the First Dynasty of Ur during the Early Dynastic Period (Mesopotamia), Early Dynastic period and is around 4,600 years old. The standard was probably constructed in the form of a hollow wooden box with scenes of war and peace represented on each side through elaborately inlaid mosaics. Although interpreted as a Military colours, standards and guidons, standard by its discoverer, its actual purpose is not known. It was found in a royal tomb in Ur in the 1920s next to the skeleton of a ritually sacrificed man who might have been its bearer. History The artifact was found in one of the largest royal tombs in the Royal Ceme ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Awan Dynasty
The Awan dynasty was the first dynasty of Elam of which very little of anything is known today—appearing at the dawn of recorded history. The dynasty corresponds to the early part of the Old Elamite period, first Paleo-Elamite period (dated to ); additionally, succeeded by the Shimashki () and Sukkalmah dynasties (). The Elamites were likely major rivals of neighboring Sumer from remotest antiquity—they were said to have been defeated by Enmebaragesi of Kish (Sumer), Kish —who is the earliest archaeologically attested king named on the ''Sumerian King List (SKL)''; moreover, by a later monarch, Eannatum of Lagash . Awan (ancient city), Awan was a city-state or possibly a region of Elam whose precise location is not certain; but, it has been variously conjectured to have been within the: Ilam province, Ilam and/or Fars province, Fars provinces of what is today known as the Islamic Republic of Iran, to the north of Susa (in south Luristan), close to Dezful (in Khuzestan), or Go ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ensí
Ensi (cuneiform: , "lord of the plowland"; Emesal dialect: ''umunsik''; ) was a Sumerian title designating the ruler or prince of a city-state. Originally it may have designated an independent ruler, but in later periods the title presupposed subordinance to a lugal. For the Early Dynastic Period (about 2800–2350 BC), the meaning of the titles en, ensi and lugal cannot be differentiated clearly: see lugal, ensi and en for details. Ensi may have originally been a designation of the ruler restricted to Lagash and Umma. The ''ensi'' was considered a representative of the city-state's patron deity. In later periods, an ensi was normally seen as subordinate to a lugal. Nevertheless, even the powerful rulers of the Second Dynasty of Lagash () such as Gudea were satisfied with the title ensi. During the Third Dynasty of Ur (about 2100–2000 BC) ensi referred to the provincial governors of the kingdom. These exercised great powers in terms of government, tax revenue and juris ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
25th-century BC Sumerian Kings
The 5th century is the time period from AD 401 (represented by the Roman numerals CDI) through AD 500 (D) in accordance with the Julian calendar. The 5th century is noted for being a period of migration and political instability throughout Eurasia. It saw the collapse of the Western Roman Empire, which came to a formal end in 476 AD. This empire had been ruled by a succession of weak emperors, with the real political might being increasingly concentrated among military leaders. Internal instability allowed a Visigoth army to reach and ransack Rome in 410. Some recovery took place during the following decades, but the Western Empire received another serious blow when a second foreign group, the Vandals, occupied Carthage, capital of an extremely important province in Africa. Attempts to retake the province were interrupted by the invasion of the Huns under Attila. After Attila's defeat, both Eastern and Western empires joined forces for a final assault on Vandal North Africa, but ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
