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Balata (latex)
Balatá is a natural latex extracted from the '' Manilkara bidentata'' tree (also known as bulletwood or balatá) native to northern South America, Central America, and the Caribbean. It is used for various industrial applications, primarily in the production of rubber-like materials. Balatá exhibits properties similar to the trans-isomer of polyterpene and is not vulcanizable. Due to its similarity to gutta-percha, balatá latex is sometimes referred to as "gutta-balatá" and is used for similar applications. Description The ''Manilkara bidentata'' is a large tree, typically growing to a height of 30–45 meters. The tree typically measuring 10–20 cm long, produces small white flowers at the onset of the rainy season. It bears an edible yellow berry that contains one or two seeds. The latex extracted from the tree is thick and rubbery, resembling gutta-percha Gutta-percha is a tree of the genus ''Palaquium'' in the family Sapotaceae, which is primarily used to create ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Latex
Latex is an emulsion (stable dispersion) of polymer microparticles in water. Latices are found in nature, but synthetic latices are common as well. In nature, latex is found as a wikt:milky, milky fluid, which is present in 10% of all flowering plants (angiosperms) and in some Mushroom, mushrooms (especially species of ''Lactarius''). It is a complex emulsion that coagulation, coagulates on exposure to air, consisting of proteins, alkaloids, starches, sugars, Vegetable oil, oils, tannins, resins, and Natural gum, gums. It is usually exuded after tissue injury. In most plants, latex is white, but some have yellow, orange, or scarlet latex. Since the 17th century, latex has been used as a term for the fluid substance in plants, deriving from the Latin word for "liquid". It serves mainly as Antipredator adaptation, defense against Herbivore, herbivores and Fungivore, fungivores.Taskirawati, I. and Tuno, N., 2016Fungal defense against mycophagy in milk caps ''Science Report Kanazaw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manilkara Bidentata
''Manilkara bidentata'' is a species of '' Manilkara'' native to a large area of northern South America, Central America and the Caribbean. Common names include bulletwood, balatá, ausubo, massaranduba, quinilla, and (ambiguously) " cow-tree". Description The balatá is a large tree, growing to tall. The leaves are alternate, elliptical, entire, and long. The flowers are white, and are produced at the beginning of the rainy season. The fruit is a yellow berry, in diameter, which is edible; it contains one (occasionally two) seed(s). Its latex is used industrially for products such as chicle. Uses The latex is extracted in the same manner in which sap is extracted from the rubber tree. It is then dried to form an inelastic rubber-like material. It is almost identical to gutta-percha (produced from a closely related southeast Asian tree), and is sometimes called ''gutta-balatá''. Balatá was often used in the production of high-quality golf balls, to use as the outer l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rubber
Rubber, also called India rubber, latex, Amazonian rubber, ''caucho'', or ''caoutchouc'', as initially produced, consists of polymers of the organic compound isoprene, with minor impurities of other organic compounds. Types of polyisoprene that are used as natural rubbers are classified as elastomers. Currently, rubber is harvested mainly in the form of the latex from the Hevea brasiliensis, Pará rubber tree (''Hevea brasiliensis'') or others. The latex is a sticky, milky and white colloid drawn off by making incisions in the bark and collecting the fluid in vessels in a process called "tapping". Manufacturers refine this latex into the rubber that is ready for commercial processing. Natural rubber is used extensively in many applications and products, either alone or in combination with other materials. In most of its useful forms, it has a large stretch ratio and high resilience and also is buoyant and water-proof. Industrial demand for rubber-like materials began to out ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Terpene
Terpenes () are a class of natural products consisting of compounds with the formula (C5H8)n for n ≥ 2. Terpenes are major biosynthetic building blocks. Comprising more than 30,000 compounds, these unsaturated hydrocarbons are produced predominantly by plants, particularly Pinophyta, conifers. In plants, terpenes and terpenoids are important mediators of ecological biological interaction, interactions, while some insects use some terpenes as a form of defense. Other functions of terpenoids include cell growth modulation and plant elongation, light harvesting and photoprotection, and membrane permeability and fluidity control. Terpenes are classified by the number of carbons: monoterpenes (C10), sesquiterpenes (C15), diterpenes (C20), as examples. The terpene alpha-pinene is a major component of the common solvent, turpentine. The one terpene that has major applications is natural rubber (i.e., polyisoprene). The possibility that other terpenes could be used as precursors to pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vulcanization
Vulcanization (British English: vulcanisation) is a range of processes for hardening rubbers. The term originally referred exclusively to the treatment of natural rubber with sulfur, which remains the most common practice. It has also grown to include the hardening of other (synthetic) rubbers via various means. Examples include silicone rubber via room temperature vulcanizing and chloroprene rubber (neoprene) using metal oxides. Vulcanization can be defined as the curing of elastomers, with the terms 'vulcanization' and 'curing' sometimes used interchangeably in this context. It works by forming cross-links between sections of the polymer chain which results in increased rigidity and durability, as well as other changes in the mechanical and electrical properties of the material. Vulcanization, in common with the curing of other thermosetting polymers, is generally irreversible. The word was suggested by William Brockedon (a friend of Thomas Hancock who attained the B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gutta-percha
Gutta-percha is a tree of the genus ''Palaquium'' in the family Sapotaceae, which is primarily used to create a high-quality latex of the same name. The material is rigid, naturally biologically Chemically inert, inert, resilient, electrically nonconductor, nonconductive, and thermoplastic, most commonly sourced from ''Palaquium gutta''; it is a polymer of isoprene which forms a rubber-like elastomer. The word "gutta-percha" comes from the plant's name in Malay language, Malay: translates as 'sticky gum' and () is the name of a less-sought-after gutta tree. The western term therefore is likely a derivative amalgamation of the original native names. Description ''Palaquium gutta'' trees are tall and up to in trunk diameter. The leaves are evergreen, alternate or spirally arranged, simple, entire, long, glossy green above, and often yellow or glaucous below. The flowers are produced in small clusters along the stems, each flower with a white corolla (flower), corolla with f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Golf Ball
A golf ball is a ball designed to be used in golf. Under the rules of golf, a golf ball has a mass no more than , has a diameter not less than , and performs within specified velocity, distance, and symmetry limits. Like golf clubs, golf balls are subject to testing and approval by The R&A (formerly part of the Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St Andrews) and the United States Golf Association, and those that do not conform with regulations may not be used in competitions ''(Rule 5–1)''. History Early balls It is commonly believed that hard wooden, round balls, made from hardwoods such as beech and box, were used for golf from the 14th through the 17th centuries. Though wooden balls were no doubt used for other similar contemporary stick and ball games, there is no definite evidence that they were actually used in golf in Scotland. It is equally likely, if not more so, that leather balls filled with cows' hair were used, imported from the Netherlands from at least 1486 onwar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Natural Materials
* A ″ natural material a substance that comes from plants, animals, or the earth, and has not been made by humans.. Minerals and the metals that can be extracted from them (without further modification) are also considered to belong into this category. Natural materials are used as building materials and clothing. Types include: * Biotic materials ** Wood (rattan, bamboo, bark, etc.) * Plant fiber (coir, ramie, sisal, cotton, flax, hemp, jute, kapok, kenaf, moss, linen, abacá, etc.) * Animal fiber (wool, silk, alpaca, camel, angora, cashmere, mohair, etc.) * Inorganic material ** Stone (flint, granite, limestone, obsidian, sandstone, sand, gems, glass, etc.) ** Native metal (copper, iron, gold, silver, etc.) ** Composites (clay, plasticine, etc.) * Other natural materials. ** Soil See also * Alternative natural materials * Dimension stone * Earth shelter * Earth structure * Green building and wood * Greystone (residential buildings made from limestone) * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
