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Avulsion Fractures
An avulsion fracture is a bone fracture which occurs when a fragment of bone tears away from the main mass of bone as a result of physical trauma. This can occur at the ligament by the application of forces external to the body (such as a fall or pull) or at the tendon by a muscular contraction that is stronger than the forces holding the bone together. Generally muscular avulsion is prevented by the neurological limitations placed on muscle contractions. Highly trained athletes can overcome this neurological inhibition of strength and produce a much greater force output capable of breaking or avulsing a bone. Types Dental avulsion Traumatic complete displacement of a tooth from its socket in alveolar bone. It is a serious dental emergency in which prompt management (within 20–40 minutes of injury) affects the prognosis of the tooth. Tuberosity avulsion of the 5th metatarsal left, Proximal fractures of 5th metatarsal The tuberosity avulsion fracture (also known as pse ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plantar Aponeurosis
The plantar fascia or plantar aponeurosis is the thick connective tissue aponeurosis which supports the arch on the bottom (plantar side) of the foot. Recent studies suggest that the plantar fascia is actually an aponeurosis rather than true fascia. It runs from the tuberosity of the calcaneus (heel bone) forward to the heads of the metatarsal bones (the bone between each toe and the bones of the mid-foot). Anatomy The plantar fascia is the thick central portion of the fascia investing the plantar muscles. It extends between the medial process of the and the proximal phalanges of the toes. It provides some attachment to the flexor muscles of the toes. Distally, the plantar fascia becomes continuous with the fibrous sheaths enveloping the flexor tendons passing to the toes. At the anterior extremity of the sole inferior to the heads of the metatarsal bones the plantar aponeurosis forms the superficial transverse metatarsal ligament. Structure The plantar fascia is made u ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paleontologists
Paleontology, also spelled as palaeontology or palæontology, is the scientific study of the life of the past, mainly but not exclusively through the study of fossils. Paleontologists use fossils as a means to classify organisms, measure geologic time, and assess the interactions between prehistoric organisms and their natural environment. While paleontological observations are known from at least the 6th century BC, the foundation of paleontology as a science dates back to the work of Georges Cuvier in 1796. Cuvier demonstrated evidence for the concept of extinction and how life of the past was not necessarily the same as that of the present. The field developed rapidly over the course of the following decades, and the French word ''paléontologie'' was introduced for the study in 1822, which was derived from the Ancient Greek word for "ancient" and words describing relatedness and a field of study. Further advances in the field accompanied the work of Charles Darwin who popul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Internal Fixation
Internal fixation is an Surgery, operation in orthopedics that involves the surgical implementation of Implant (medicine), implants for the purpose of repairing a bone, a concept that dates to the mid-nineteenth century and was made applicable for routine treatment in the mid-twentieth century. An internal fixator may be made of Surgical stainless steel, stainless steel, titanium alloy, or cobalt-chrome alloy. Types of internal fixators include: * Orthopedic plates, Plate and screws * Kirschner wires * Intramedullary rod, Intramedullary nails Open reduction Open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) involves the implementation of implants to guide the healing process of a bone, as well as the open reduction, or setting, of the bone. ''Open Reduction (orthopedic surgery), reduction'' refers to open surgery to set bones, as is necessary for some fractures. ''Internal fixation'' refers to fixation of screws and/or plates, intramedullary rods and other devices to enable or facilitate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reduction (orthopedic Surgery)
Reduction is a medical procedure to restore the correct anatomical alignment of a Fracture (bone), fracture or Dislocation (medicine), dislocation. When an injury results in a Bone fracture, fracture, or broken bone, the bone segments can sometimes become misaligned. This is referred to as a displaced fracture which requires the medical procedure called reduction. Some providers may refer to this as 'setting the bone'. When an injury results in a Joint dislocation, dislocation of a joint, or the misalignment of two connecting bones, a similar process of reduction must be performed to relocate the joint back into normal anatomical positioning. In the case of both displaced fractures and joint dislocation reduction is required for effective healing. Fracture Reduction There are two main categories of fracture reductions, closed reductions and open reductions. Both procedures require confirmatory imaging, such as x-ray, before the reduction to confirm the misalignment of bones and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mayo Clinic
Mayo Clinic () is a Nonprofit organization, private American Academic health science centre, academic Medical centers in the United States, medical center focused on integrated health care, healthcare, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, education, and research. It maintains three major campuses in Rochester, Minnesota; Jacksonville, Florida; and Phoenix, Arizona, Phoenix/Scottsdale, Arizona. Mayo Clinic employs over 7,300 physicians and scientists, along with another 66,000 administrative and allied health staff. The practice specializes in treating difficult cases through Health care#Tertiary care, tertiary care and Medical tourism#United States, destination medicine. It is home to the top-15 ranked Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine in addition to many of the highest regarded residency education programs in the United States. It spends over $660 million a year on research and has more than 3,000 full-time research personnel. William Worrall Mayo settled his family i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Swelling (medical)
Edema (American English), also spelled oedema (British English), and also known as fluid retention, swelling, dropsy and hydropsy, is the build-up of fluid in the body's tissue (biology), tissue. Most commonly, the legs or arms are affected. Symptoms may include skin that feels tight, the area feeling heavy, and joint stiffness. Other symptoms depend on the underlying cause. Causes may include Chronic venous insufficiency, venous insufficiency, heart failure, kidney problems, hypoalbuminemia, low protein levels, liver problems, deep vein thrombosis, infections, kwashiorkor, angioedema, certain medications, and lymphedema. It may also occur in immobile patients (stroke, spinal cord injury, aging), or with temporary immobility such as prolonged sitting or standing, and during menstruation or pregnancy. The condition is more concerning if it starts suddenly, or pain or shortness of breath is present. Treatment depends on the underlying cause. If the underlying mechanism involve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Splint (medicine)
A splint is defined as "a rigid or flexible device that maintains in position a displaced or movable part; also used to keep in place and protect an injured part" or as "a rigid or flexible material used to protect, immobilize, or restrict motion in a part". Splints can be used for injuries that are not severe enough to immobilize the entire injured structure of the body. For instance, a splint can be used for certain fractures, soft tissue sprains, tendon injuries, or injuries awaiting orthopedic treatment. A splint may be static, not allowing motion, or dynamic, allowing controlled motion. Splints can also be used to relieve pain in damaged joints. Splints are quick and easy to apply and do not require a plastering technique. Splints are often made out of some kind of flexible material and a firm pole-like structure for stability. They often buckle or Velcro together. Uses * By the emergency medical services or by volunteer first responders, to temporarily immobilize a fractu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Avulsion Fracture Of The Left First Metacarpal , abandonment of an old river channel and the formation of a new one
{{disambiguation ...
Avulsion in general refers to a tearing away. Specifically, it can refer to: * Avulsion fracture, when a fragment of bone tears away from the main mass of bone as a result of physical trauma * Avulsion injury, in which a body structure is detached from its normal point of insertion, either torn away by trauma or cut by surgery * Avulsion (legal term), the sudden loss of land by the action of water * Avulsion (river) In sedimentary geology and fluvial geomorphology, avulsion is the rapid abandonment of a river channel and the formation of a new river channel. Avulsions occur as a result of channel slopes that are much less steep than the slope that the river c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quadriceps Femoris Muscle
The quadriceps femoris muscle (, also called the quadriceps extensor, quadriceps or quads) is a large muscle group that includes the four prevailing muscles on the front of the thigh. It is the sole extensor muscle of the knee, forming a large fleshy mass which covers the front and sides of the femur. The name derives . Structure Parts The quadriceps femoris muscle is subdivided into four separate muscles (the 'heads'), with the first superficial to the other three over the femur (from the trochanters to the condyles): * The rectus femoris muscle occupies the middle of the thigh, covering most of the other three quadriceps muscles. It originates on the ilium. It is named for its straight course. * The vastus lateralis muscle is on the ''lateral side'' of the femur (i.e. on the outer side of the thigh). * The vastus medialis muscle is on the ''medial side'' of the femur (i.e. on the inner part thigh). * The vastus intermedius muscle lies between vastus lateralis and vastus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muscle Contraction
Muscle contraction is the activation of Tension (physics), tension-generating sites within muscle cells. In physiology, muscle contraction does not necessarily mean muscle shortening because muscle tension can be produced without changes in muscle length, such as when holding something heavy in the same position. The termination of muscle contraction is followed by muscle relaxation, which is a return of the muscle fibers to their low tension-generating state. For the contractions to happen, the muscle cells must rely on the change in action of two types of Myofilament, filaments: thin and thick filaments. The major constituent of thin filaments is a chain formed by helical coiling of two strands of actin, and thick filaments dominantly consist of chains of the Motor protein, motor-protein myosin. Together, these two filaments form myofibrils - the basic functional organelles in the skeletal muscle system. In vertebrates, Muscle cell#Muscle contraction in striated muscle, skele ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
