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Avena Sterilis
''Avena sterilis'' (animated oat, sterile oat, wild oat, wild red oat, winter wild oat; syn. ''Avena ludoviciana'' Durieu; ''Avena sterilis'' ssp. ''ludoviciana'' (Durieu) Gillet & Magne in ''Federal Noxious Weed Disseminules of the U.S.'') is a species of grass weed whose seeds are edible. Distribution ''Avena sterilis'' is native to the Mediterranean Basin and West, Central and South Asia, but is widely naturalized elsewhere. As a weed Herbicide resistance ''Avena sterilis'' ssp. ''ludoviciana'' with multiple herbicide resistance - at 2 SOAs - was first observed in Kermanshah, Khuzestan, Iran, in winter wheat cultivation in 2010. These populations are known to be resistant to clodinafop-propargyl, iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium, and mesosulfuron-methyl. Resistance in ''Asl'' (and Avena fatua) to fenoxaprop‐P‐ethyl has evolved in several fields in England. Although these ''Asl'' and ''A. fatua'' are also hybridising, it remains unproven if this is why they both hav ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carl Linnaeus
Carl Linnaeus (; 23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after his ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné Blunt (2004), p. 171. (), was a Swedish botanist, zoologist, taxonomist, and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the modern system of naming organisms. He is known as the "father of modern taxonomy". Many of his writings were in Latin; his name is rendered in Latin as and, after his 1761 ennoblement, as . Linnaeus was born in Råshult, the countryside of Småland, in southern Sweden. He received most of his higher education at Uppsala University and began giving lectures in botany there in 1730. He lived abroad between 1735 and 1738, where he studied and also published the first edition of his ' in the Netherlands. He then returned to Sweden where he became professor of medicine and botany at Uppsala. In the 1740s, he was sent on several journeys through Sweden to find and classify plants and animals. In the 1750s and 1760s, he continued to coll ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Field (agriculture)
In agriculture, a field is an area of land, enclosed or otherwise, used for agricultural purposes such as cultivating crops or as a paddock or other enclosure for livestock. A field may also be an area left to lie fallow or as arable land. Many farms have a field border, usually composed of a strip of shrubs and vegetation, used to provide food and cover necessary for the survival of wildlife. It has been found that these borders may lead to an increased variety of animals and plants in the area, but also in some cases a decreased yield of crops. Paddock In Australian and New Zealand English, any agricultural field may be called a ''paddock'', especially if for keeping sheep or cattle. If stock are grazed there, the space may be called a ''run'', e.g. ''sheep run''; ''cattle run''. The term paddock is used more specifically in animal husbandry for a system in which grazing land is divided into small areas, paddocks, and the stock graze each paddock in turn for a short ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Avena
''Avena'' is a genus of Eurasian and African plants in the grass family. Collectively known as the oats, they include some species which have been cultivated for thousands of years as a food source for humans and livestock. They are widespread throughout Europe, Asia and northwest Africa. Several species have become naturalized in many parts of the world, and are regarded as invasive weeds where they compete with crop production. All oats have edible seeds, though they are small and hard to harvest in most species. * See Oat for a more detailed discussion of the oat as a food source. Ecology ''Avena'' species, including cultivated oats, are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species, including rustic shoulder-knot and setaceous Hebrew character. For diseases of oats, see List of oat diseases. Species Cultivated oats One species is of major commercial importance as a cereal grain. Four other species are grown as crops of minor or regional importanc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elsevier
Elsevier () is a Dutch academic publishing company specializing in scientific, technical, and medical content. Its products include journals such as '' The Lancet'', '' Cell'', the ScienceDirect collection of electronic journals, '' Trends'', the '' Current Opinion'' series, the online citation database Scopus, the SciVal tool for measuring research performance, the ClinicalKey search engine for clinicians, and the ClinicalPath evidence-based cancer care service. Elsevier's products and services also include digital tools for data management, instruction, research analytics and assessment. Elsevier is part of the RELX Group (known until 2015 as Reed Elsevier), a publicly traded company. According to RELX reports, in 2021 Elsevier published more than 600,000 articles annually in over 2,700 journals; as of 2018 its archives contained over 17 million documents and 40,000 e-books, with over one billion annual downloads. Researchers have criticized Elsevier for its high profit ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crop Protection (journal)
The International Association for the Plant Protection Sciences (IAPPS) has the goal of gathering the results of plant protection research worldwide and making them globally available to science and practice. To this end the organisation periodically publishes the ''Plant Protection Magazine'' and every four years organises an international congress, the latest of which took place in Berlin (IPPC 2015) History The IAPPS was founded in 1946 during the first International Plant Congress in Louvain, Belgium. The first president of the organisation was Olaf Freyberg of Malmö, Sweden, who made the following comment: ''The world needs a plant protection organization, and not only to plan future congresses, but much more provide a platform for the discussion of current research results amongst scientists.'' Over the years a newsletter has been periodically published, a yearbook has appeared, and congresses have been held. Every four years international congresses have been held in var ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wiley (publisher)
John Wiley & Sons, Inc., commonly known as Wiley (), is an American multinational publishing company founded in 1807 that focuses on academic publishing and instructional materials. The company produces books, journals, and encyclopedias, in print and electronically, as well as online products and services, training materials, and educational materials for undergraduate, graduate, and continuing education students. History The company was established in 1807 when Charles Wiley opened a print shop in Manhattan. The company was the publisher of 19th century American literary figures like James Fenimore Cooper, Washington Irving, Herman Melville, and Edgar Allan Poe, as well as of legal, religious, and other non-fiction titles. The firm took its current name in 1865. Wiley later shifted its focus to scientific, technical, and engineering subject areas, abandoning its literary interests. Wiley's son John (born in Flatbush, New York, October 4, 1808; died in East Orange, New ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Annals Of Applied Biology
The Association of Applied Biologists (AAB) is a United Kingdom biological science learned society. From its foundation in 1904 until 1934, the institution was the Association of Economic Biologists. It publishes research and holds conferences in different specialisms of applied biology. History The AAB was founded in 1904 as the ''Association of Economic Biologists'' for workers in applied biology "to discuss new discoveries, to exchange experiences and carefully consider the best methods of work" and "promote and advance the science of Economic Biology in its agricultural, horticultural, medical and commercial aspects."''Association of Applied Biologists 1904–2004: A Celebration of Achievement''. Wellesbourne:Association of Applied Biologists, 2004 "Within 10 years of its foundation, the association became the recognised society for all British workers interested in applied biology. Since then, the association has steadily expanded its knowledge." In 1934, the current title ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Herbicide Resistance Action Committee
CropLife International is an international trade association of agrochemical companies founded in 2001. It was previously known as ''Global Crop Protection Federation'' and started out as ''International Group of National Associations of Manufacturers of Agrochemical Products'' in 1967. Its members include the world's largest agricultural biotechnology and agricultural pesticide businesses namely BASF, Bayer CropScience, Corteva, FMC Corp., Sumitomo and Syngenta. The international body combines several national-level or continent-wide organisations, each one having the same goals but differing according to local language and custom. History In 1967, the International Group of National Associations of Manufacturers of Agrochemical Products (from French: ''Groupement International des Associations Nationales de Fabricants de Produits Agrochimiques'', GIFAP) was founded. In November 1996, GIFAP was renamed to Global Crop Protection Federation (GCPF). On 7 November 2001, GCPF was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Survey Of Herbicide Resistant Weeds
CropLife International is an international trade association of agrochemical companies founded in 2001. It was previously known as ''Global Crop Protection Federation'' and started out as ''International Group of National Associations of Manufacturers of Agrochemical Products'' in 1967. Its members include the world's largest agricultural biotechnology and agricultural pesticide businesses namely BASF, Bayer CropScience, Corteva, FMC Corp., Sumitomo and Syngenta. The international body combines several national-level or continent-wide organisations, each one having the same goals but differing according to local language and custom. History In 1967, the International Group of National Associations of Manufacturers of Agrochemical Products (from French: ''Groupement International des Associations Nationales de Fabricants de Produits Agrochimiques'', GIFAP) was founded. In November 1996, GIFAP was renamed to Global Crop Protection Federation (GCPF). On 7 November 2001, GCPF ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mode Of Action
A mode of action (MoA) describes a functional or anatomical change, resulting from the exposure of a living organism to a substance. In comparison, a mechanism of action (MOA) describes such changes at the molecular level. A mode of action is important in classifying chemicals, as it represents an intermediate level of complexity in between molecular mechanisms and physiological outcomes, especially when the exact molecular target has not yet been elucidated or is subject to debate. A mechanism of action of a chemical could be "binding to DNA" while its broader mode of action would be "transcriptional regulation". However, there is no clear consensus and the term mode of action is also often used, especially in the study of pesticides, to describe molecular mechanisms such as action on specific nuclear receptors or enzymes. Disinfectants are commonly used in order to eliminate microorganisms. The effectiveness of a disinfectant is dependent on both the chemical composition of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Herbicide
Herbicides (, ), also commonly known as weedkillers, are substances used to control undesired plants, also known as weeds.EPA. February 201Pesticides Industry. Sales and Usage 2006 and 2007: Market Estimates. Summary in press releasMain page for EPA reports on pesticide use ihere Selective herbicides control specific weed species, while leaving the desired crop relatively unharmed, while non-selective herbicides (sometimes called total weedkillers in commercial products) can be used to clear waste ground, industrial and construction sites, railways and railway embankments as they kill all plant material with which they come into contact. Apart from selective/non-selective, other important distinctions include ''persistence'' (also known as ''residual action'': how long the product stays in place and remains active), ''means of uptake'' (whether it is absorbed by above-ground foliage only, through the roots, or by other means), and ''mechanism of action'' (how it works). Histo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
