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Avadhesh Narayan Singh
Avadhesh Narayan Singh (Benares, 1901 – July 10, 1954) was an Indian mathematician and historian of mathematics. Singh received a master's degree from Banaras Hindu University in his hometown (Varanasi was then called Banaras or Benares) in 1924, where he was a student of Ganesh Prasad. He received his DSc in mathematics from the University of Calcutta in 1929 for his dissertation titled "Derivation and Non-Differentiable functions". After securing a DSc, Singh went to Lucknow University, where he became a Reader in 1940 and a professor in 1943. There he opened a Hindu Mathematics section and revived the nearly defunct Banaras Mathematical Society under the name of Bharata Ganita Parisad. In the 1930s he wrote a history of Indian mathematics with Bibhutibhushan Datta, which became a standard work. As a mathematician, he dealt with non-differentiable functions (an example of an everywhere non-differentiable function is the Weierstrass function In mathematics, the Weierstrass ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Mathematics
The history of mathematics deals with the origin of discoveries in mathematics and the History of mathematical notation, mathematical methods and notation of the past. Before the modern age and the worldwide spread of knowledge, written examples of new mathematical developments have come to light only in a few locales. From 3000 BC the Mesopotamian states of Sumer, Akkad (region), Akkad and Assyria, followed closely by Ancient Egypt and the Levantine state of Ebla began using arithmetic, algebra and geometry for purposes of taxation, commerce, trade and also in the field of astronomy to record time and formulate calendars. The earliest mathematical texts available are from Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt, Egypt – ''Plimpton 322'' (Babylonian mathematics, Babylonian – 1900 BC),Friberg, J. (1981). "Methods and traditions of Babylonian mathematics. Plimpton 322, Pythagorean triples, and the Babylonian triangle parameter equations", ''Historia Mathematica'', 8, pp. 277–318. the ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Banaras Hindu University
Banaras Hindu University (BHU), formerly Benares Hindu University, is a collegiate, central, and research university located in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India, and founded in 1916. The university incorporated the Central Hindu College, which had been founded by theosophist and future Indian Home Rule leader Annie Besant in 1898. By 1911 Besant was marginalised on the governing board of the College by Madan Mohan Malviya who preferred a more traditional Hinduism with its hereditary caste system to Besant's more theosophical one. Five years later Malaviya established the university with the support of the maharaja of Darbhanga Rameshwar Singh, the maharaja of Benares Prabhu Narayan Singh, and the lawyer Sunder Lal. With over 30,000 students, and 18,000 residing on campus, BHU is the largest residential university in Asia. The university is one of the eight public institutions declared as an Institute of Eminence by the Government of India. It is also one of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Varanasi
Varanasi (, also Benares, Banaras ) or Kashi, is a city on the Ganges river in northern India that has a central place in the traditions of pilgrimage, death, and mourning in the Hindu world.* * * * The city has a syncretic tradition of Islamic artisanship that underpins its religious tourism.* * * * * Located in the middle-Ganges valley in the southeastern part of the state of Uttar Pradesh, Varanasi lies on the left bank of the river. It is to the southeast of India's capital New Delhi and to the southeast of the state capital, Lucknow. It lies downstream of Prayagraj, where the confluence with the Yamuna river is another major Hindu pilgrimage site. Varanasi is one of the world's oldest continually inhabited cities. Kashi, its ancient name, was associated with a kingdom of the same name of 2,500 years ago. The Lion capital of Ashoka at nearby Sarnath has been interpreted to be a commemoration of the Buddha's first sermon there in the fifth century BCE. In the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ganesh Prasad
Ganesh Prasad (''15 November 1876 – 9 March 1935'') was an Indian mathematician who specialised in the theory of potentials, theory of functions of a real variable, Fourier series and the theory of surfaces. He was trained at the Universities of Cambridge and Göttingen and on return to India he helped develop the culture of mathematical research in India. The mathematical community of India considers Ganesh Prasad as the ′''Father of Mathematical Research in India′''. He was also an educator taking special interest in the advancement of primary education in the rural areas of India. Early life Ganesh Prasad was born on 15 November 1876 at Ballia, Uttar Pradesh. He obtained the B.A. degree from Muir Central College, Allahabad, M.A. degree from the Universities in Allahabad and Calcutta and the D.Sc. degree from Allahabad University. After teaching at the Kayasth Pathshala, Allahabad, and at the Muir Central College, Allahabad, for about two years, he proceeded to Cambrid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Of Calcutta
The University of Calcutta, informally known as Calcutta University (), is a Public university, public State university (India), state university located in Kolkata, Calcutta (Kolkata), West Bengal, India. It has 151 affiliated undergraduate colleges and 16 institutes in Kolkata and nearby areas. It was established on 24 January 1857 and is the oldest multidisciplinary university of Indian Subcontinent and Southeast Asian Region. Today, the university's jurisdiction is limited to a few districts of West Bengal, but at the time of its establishment it had a catchment area ranging from Kabul to Myanmar. It is accredited as an "A" grade university by the National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC). The university has a total of fourteen campuses spread over the city of Kolkata and its suburbs. As of 2020, 151 colleges and 21 institutes and centres are affiliated with CU. The university was fourth in the Indian University Ranking 2021 list, released by the National Institu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Derivative
In mathematics, the derivative is a fundamental tool that quantifies the sensitivity to change of a function's output with respect to its input. The derivative of a function of a single variable at a chosen input value, when it exists, is the slope of the tangent line to the graph of the function at that point. The tangent line is the best linear approximation of the function near that input value. For this reason, the derivative is often described as the instantaneous rate of change, the ratio of the instantaneous change in the dependent variable to that of the independent variable. The process of finding a derivative is called differentiation. There are multiple different notations for differentiation. '' Leibniz notation'', named after Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, is represented as the ratio of two differentials, whereas ''prime notation'' is written by adding a prime mark. Higher order notations represent repeated differentiation, and they are usually denoted in Leib ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lucknow University
University of Lucknow (informally known as Lucknow University, and LU) is one of the oldest public state university based in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh. LU's main campus is located at Badshah Bagh, University Road area of the city with a second campus at Jankipuram. It is the largest state university of Uttar Pradesh. It is also the only public university of the state to offer both on-campus and online programmes of study. LU is a teaching, residential and affiliating university, organized into 556 colleges, 10 faculties with 23 institutes & centres, located throughout the city and other surrounding areas.The University has jurisdiction over colleges in five districts: Lucknow, Raebareli, Hardoi, Sitapur and Lakhimpur Kheri. The university is opening a third campus in Sitapur district where vocational and skill development courses will be offered. The University of Lucknow is the only state university of Uttar Pradesh to be awarded "Category-I" university status by the UGC fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bibhutibhushan Datta
Bibhutibhushan Datta (; also Bibhuti Bhusan Datta; 28 June 1888 – 6 October 1958) was a historian of Indian mathematics. Datta came from a poor Bengali family. He was a student of Ganesh Prasad, studied at the University of Calcutta and secured a master's degree in mathematics in 1914 and a doctorate degree in 1920 in applied mathematics. He taught at Calcutta University where he was a lecturer at the University Science College, and from 1924 to 1929 he was the Rhashbehari Ghosh Professor of Applied Mathematics. During the 1920s and 1930s he created a reputation as an authority on the history of Indian mathematics. He was also deeply interested in Indian philosophy and religion. In 1929 he retired from his professorship and left the university in 1933, and became a '' sannyasin'' (an ascetic, a person who has renounced worldly pleasures) in 1938 under the name Swami Vidyaranya. '' History of Hindu Mathematics: A Source Book'', written by him jointly with Avadhesh Narayan Sing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Weierstrass Function
In mathematics, the Weierstrass function, named after its discoverer, Karl Weierstrass, is an example of a real-valued function (mathematics), function that is continuous function, continuous everywhere but Differentiable function, differentiable nowhere. It is also an example of a fractal curve. The Weierstrass function has historically served the role of a pathological (mathematics), pathological function, being the first published example (1872) specifically concocted to challenge the notion that every continuous function is differentiable except on a set of isolated points. Weierstrass's demonstration that continuity did not imply almost-everywhere differentiability upended mathematics, overturning several proofs that relied on geometric intuition and vague definitions of smoothness. These types of functions were disliked by contemporaries: Charles Hermite, on finding that one class of function he was working on had such a property, described it as a "lamentable scourge". Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Birkhäuser
Birkhäuser was a Swiss publisher founded in 1879 by Emil Birkhäuser. It was acquired by Springer Science+Business Media in 1985. Today it is an imprint used by two companies in unrelated fields: * Springer continues to publish science (particularly: history of science, geosciences, computer science) and mathematics books and journals under the Birkhäuser imprint (with a leaf logo) sometimes called Birkhäuser Science. * Birkhäuser Verlag – an architecture and design publishing company was (re)created in 2010 when Springer sold its design and architecture segment to ACTAR. The resulting Spanish-Swiss company was then called ActarBirkhäuser. After a bankruptcy, in 2012 Birkhäuser Verlag was sold again, this time to De Gruyter. Additionally, the Reinach-based printer Birkhäuser+GBC operates independently of the above, being now owned by '' Basler Zeitung''. History The original Swiss publishers program focused on regional literature. In the 1920s the sons of Emil Bi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Motilal Banarsidass
Motilal Banarsidass Publishing House (MLBD) is an Indian academic publishing house, founded in Delhi, India in 1903. It publishes and distributes serials, monographs, and scholarly publications on Asian religions, Buddhology, Indology, Eastern philosophy, history, culture, arts, architecture, archaeology, language, literature, linguistics, musicology, mysticism, yoga, tantra, occult, medicine, astronomy, and astrology. Amongst its publications are the 100 volumes of the Mahapuranas; the 50 volumes of the '' Sacred Books of the East'', edited by Max Müller; ''Bibliotheca Buddhica'' (30 volumes in 32 pts); Ramcharitmanas with Hindi and English translations; the Manusmriti in 10 volumes and the Sanskrit lexicon; and the 7 volumes of ''Encyclopedia of Indian Philosophies''. It also brings out books based on research and study conducted at organizations such as the Indian Council of Historical Research (ICHR), Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts (IGNCA), and Indian Cou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kripa Shankar Shukla
Kripa Shankar Shukla (10 July 1918 - 22 September 2007) was a historian of Indian mathematics. He was awarded the DLitt degree by Lucknow University University of Lucknow (informally known as Lucknow University, and LU) is one of the oldest public state university based in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh. LU's main campus is located at Badshah Bagh, University Road area of the city with a second ... in 1955 for his thesis on “''Astronomy in the Seventh Century India: Bhāskara I and His Works''” which was completed under the guidance of A. N. Singh. He retired in 1979. Shukla published several important source works in Indian mathematics and astronomy with translations, notes, explanations. He also authored a large number of research papers bringing out many previously unknown facts about the historical development of mathematics in India. He continued his active research even after retiring from his official position in Lucknow University. Shukla supervised the research work ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
