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Automotive SPICE
Automotive SPICE is a maturity model adapted for the automotive industry. It assesses the maturity of development processes for electronic and software-based systems (e.g., ECUs). It is based on an initiative of the Special Interest Group Automotive and the Quality Management Center (QMC) in the German Association of the Automotive Industry (VDA). The abbreviation SPICE stands for Software Process Improvement and Capability Determination. Automotive SPICE (also commonly abbreviated as ASPICE) combines a process reference model and a process assessment model in one standard. It conforms to the regulations of the ISO/IEC 33xxx family (process assessment), e.g., ISO/IEC 33001, ISO/IEC 33002, ISO/IEC 33004, and ISO/IEC 33020. Trademark The name Automotive SPICE is protected by trademark law and is the property of the VDA. Maturity levels There are six maturity levels, referred to as Levels. Level 0 is the lowest maturity level; Level 5 is the highest maturity level. The matu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Verband Der Automobilindustrie
The German Association of the Automotive Industry or VDA () is a German interest group of the German automobile industry, both automobile manufactures and automobile component suppliers. It is member of the European Automobile Manufacturers Association (ACEA). The VDA represents carmakers, including BMW, Volkswagen and Mercedes-Benz, but also counts foreign suppliers and foreign-owned carmakers like Opel and Ford among its members. The group is located in Berlin, Germany. Activities The VDA hosts the Europe's largest motor show, the biannual International Motor Show Germany (IAA) in Frankfurt. The VDA published a series of standards and recommendations. Among those is the German quality management system (QMS) for the automobile industry. The fourth edition was issued in December 1998, and became mandatory for all German car makers on April 1, 1999. The VDA is a founding member of both the ENX Association (since 2000) and Odette International (since 2001). Leadersh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ISO/IEC 33001
ISO/IEC 33001 ''Information technology - Process assessment - Concepts and terminology'' is a set of technical standards documents for the computer software development process and related business management functions. ISO/IEC 33001:2015 is a revision of ISO/IEC 15504 ISO/IEC 15504 ''Information technology – Process assessment'', also termed Software Process Improvement and Capability dEtermination (SPICE), is a set of technical standards documents for the computer software development process and related bu ..., also termed Software Process Improvement and Capability Determination (SPICE). The ISO/IEC 330xx family superseded the ISO/IEC 155xx family. Further reading ISO/IEC 33001:2015''Information technology - Process assessment - Concepts and terminology'' ''Information technology - Process assessment - Requirements for performing process assessment'' ''Information technology - Process assessment - Requirements for process measurement frameworks'' ''Information technology ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ISO/IEC 15504
ISO/IEC 15504 ''Information technology – Process assessment'', also termed Software Process Improvement and Capability dEtermination (SPICE), is a set of technical standards documents for the computer software development process and related business management functions. It is one of the joint International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) standards, which was developed by the ISO and IEC joint subcommittee, ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 7. ISO/IEC 15504 was initially derived from process lifecycle standard ISO/IEC 12207 and from maturity models like Bootstrap, Trillium and the Capability Maturity Model (CMM). ISO/IEC 15504 has been superseded by '' ISO/IEC 33001:2015 Information technology – Process assessment – Concepts and terminology'' as of March, 2015. Overview ISO/IEC 15504 is the reference model for the maturity models (consisting of capability levels which in turn consist of the process attributes and further consist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
INTACS
An intrastromal corneal ring segment (ICRS) (also known as intrastromal corneal ring, corneal implant or corneal insert) is a small device surgically implanted in the cornea of the eye to correct vision. Two crescent or semi-circular shaped ring segments are inserted between the layers of the corneal stroma, one on each side of the pupil, This is intended to flatten the cornea and change the refraction of light passing through the cornea on its way into the eye. Design Intrastromal corneal ring segments have many different types and designs. Manufacturers include Intacs (US), Cornealring (Brazil), Mediphacos Keraring (Brazil), Ferrara ring (Brazil), Myoring (Austria) and Intraseg (UK). Medical uses Intrastromal corneal rings were originally used to treat mild myopia. For this purpose, they have largely been superseded by excimer lasers, which have better accuracy. They are now mostly used to treat mild to moderate keratoconus. Intrastromal corneal rings were approved in 2004 by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
AUTOSAR
AUTOSAR (AUTomotive Open System ARchitecture) is a global development partnership founded in 2003 by automotive manufacturers, suppliers and other companies from the electronics, semiconductor and software industries. Its purpose is to develop and establish an open and standardized software architecture for automotive electronic control units (ECUs). The objectives are scalability to different vehicle and platform variants, transferability of software, consideration of availability and safety requirements, cooperation between different partners, sustainable use of natural resources and maintainability during the product lifecycle. History AUTOSAR was formed in July 2003 by Bavarian Motor Works (BMW), Robert Bosch GmbH, Continental AG, Mercedes-Benz Group AG, Siemens VDO and Volkswagen AG to develop and establish an open industry standard for the automotive electrical-electronic (E/E) architecture. In November 2003, the Ford Motor Company joined as a Core Partner. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ISO 26262
ISO 26262, titled "Road vehicles – Functional safety", is an international standard for functional safety of electrical and/or electronic systems that are installed in serial production road vehicles (excluding mopeds), defined by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in 2011, and revised in 2018. Overview of the Standard Functional safety features form an integral part of each automotive product development phase, ranging from the specification, to design, implementation, integration, verification, validation, and production release. The standard ISO 26262 is an adaptation of the Functional Safety standard IEC 61508 for Automotive Electric/Electronic Systems. ISO 26262 defines functional safety for automotive equipment applicable throughout the lifecycle of all automotive electronic and electrical safety-related systems. The first edition (ISO 26262:2011), published on 11 November 2011, was limited to electrical and/or electronic systems installed in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Capability Maturity Model Integration
Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI) is a process level improvement training and appraisal program. Administered by the CMMI Institute, a subsidiary of ISACA, it was developed at Carnegie Mellon University (CMU). It is required by many U.S. Government contracts, especially in software development. CMU claims CMMI can be used to guide process improvement across a project, division, or an entire organization. CMMI defines the following five maturity levels (1 to 5) for processes: Initial, Managed, Defined, Quantitatively Managed, and Optimizing. CMMI Version 3.0 was published in 2023; Version 2.0 was published in 2018; Version 1.3 was published in 2010, and is the reference model for the rest of the information in this article. CMMI is registered in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office by CMU. Overview Originally CMMI addresses three areas of interest: #Product and service development – CMMI for Development (CMMI-DEV), #Service establishment, management, – CMMI for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ISO/IEC 12207
ISO/IEC/IEEE 12207 ''Systems and software engineering – Software life cycle processes'' is an international standard for software lifecycle processes. First introduced in 1995, it aims to be a primary standard that defines all the processes required for developing and maintaining software systems, including the outcomes and/or activities of each process. Revision history ISO/IEC/IEEE 12207:2017 is the newest version, published in November 2017. The IEEE Computer Society joined directly with ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 7/WG 7 in the editing process for this version. A significant change is that it adopts a process model identical to the ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288:2015 process model (there is one name change, the 15288 "System Requirements Definition" process is renamed to the "System/Software Requirements Definition" process). This harmonization of the two standards led to the removal of separate software development and software reuse processes, bringing the total number of 43 processes from 12 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ISO/IEC 15288
The ISO/IEC 15288 ''Systems and software engineering — System life cycle processes'' is a technical standard in systems engineering which covers processes and lifecycle stages, developed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). Planning for the ISO/IEC 15288:2002(E) standard started in 1994 when the need for a common systems engineering process framework was recognized. ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288 is managed by ISO/IEC JTC1/SC7, which is the committee responsible for developing standards in the area of Software and Systems Engineering. ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288 is part of the SC 7 Integrated set of Standards, and other standards in this domain include: * ISO/IEC TR 15504 which addresses capability * ISO/IEC 12207 and ISO/IEC 15288 which address lifecycle and * ISO 9001 & ISO 90003 which address quality History The previously accepted standard MIL STD 499A (1974) was cancelled after a memo from the United States Sec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Software Test Documentation
Status of IEEE 829 Note: IEEE 829-2008 has been superseded by ISO/IEC/IEEE 29119-3:2013. Background to IEEE 829 IEEE 829-2008, also known as the 829 Standard for Software and System Test Documentation, was an IEEE standard that specified the form of a set of documents for use in eight defined stages of software testing and system testing, each stage potentially producing its own separate type of document. The standard specified the format of these documents, but did not stipulate whether they must all be produced, nor did it include any criteria regarding adequate content for these documents. These were a matter of judgment outside the purview of the standard. Documents Required by IEEE 829 The documents are: *Master Test Plan (MTP): The purpose of the Master Test Plan (MTP) is to provide an overall test planning and test management document for multiple levels of test (either within one project or across multiple projects). *Level Test Plan (LTP): For each LTP the scope, appro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
UL (safety Organization)
The UL enterprise is a global private safety company headquartered in Northbrook, Illinois, composed of three organizations, UL Research Institutes, UL Standards & Engagement and UL Solutions. Established in 1894, the UL enterprise was founded as the Underwriters' Electrical Bureau (a bureau of the National Board of Fire Underwriters), and was known throughout the 20th century as Underwriters Laboratories. On January 1, 2012, Underwriters Laboratories became the parent company of a for-profit company in the U.S. named UL LLC, a limited liability company, which took over the product testing and certification business. On June 26, 2022, the companies rebranded into three distinct organizations that make up the UL enterprise. The company is one of several companies approved to perform safety testing by the U.S. federal agency Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). OSHA maintains a list of approved testing laboratories, which are known as Nationally Recognized Testi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
