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Austrosimulium Australense
''Austrosimulium australense'', known as the New Zealand black fly or more commonly sandfly (namu in Māori), is a species of small fly of the family Simuliidae, endemic to New Zealand. Females consume blood for nutrients to produce eggs, and it is one of three species of ''Austrosimulium'' in New Zealand that often bite humans. Description The bodies of adult females are 2.0–2.4 mm long; their wings are 1.9–2.5 mm long and 0.9–1.2 mm wide. The bodies of males are 1.8–2.8 mm long; their wings are 1.7–2.1 mm long and 0.8–1.1 mm wide. Larvae and pupae of the insect are found in small, cold-water streams, usually under heavy forest shade that serves to keep the water cool. File:DIPT Simuliidae Austrosimulium australense larva.png, Larva File:DIPT Simuliidae Austrosimulium australense pupa (cropped).png, Pupa Distribution This is the most widely distributed species of ''Austrosimulium'' in New Zealand, being found from North Cape to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Des Helmore
Desmond W. Helmore (born 1940) is a New Zealand artist and illustrator, known both for his fine art and for his scientific work depicting insects, not least illustrating the New Zealand Arthropod Collection. One of the country's most noted and prolific biological illustrators, over 1000 of his illustrations of insects were published in research papers from 1976 to 2006. Life and education Helmore was born in Takapau, Hawke's Bay Region, Hawkes Bay, New Zealand, and lived there on a farm until age 12. Interested in drawing since childhood, he attended Christ's College, Christchurch, Christ's College in Christchurch, and then the Ilam School of Fine Arts at the University of Canterbury from 1959 to 1962, where he was taught by Rudolf Gopas, Rudi Gopas, Russell Clark (artist), Russell Clark, and Bill Sutton (artist), Bill Sutton. His fellow students at Ilam included Dick Frizzell, Tony Fomison, and John Panting. In his survey of New Zealand art, Frizzell described Helmore as s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ignaz Rudolph Schiner
Ignaz Rudolf Schiner (April 17, 1813 – July 6, 1873) was an Austrian entomologist who specialised in Diptera. Schiner was born in , Horn and died in Vienna Vienna ( ; ; ) is the capital city, capital, List of largest cities in Austria, most populous city, and one of Federal states of Austria, nine federal states of Austria. It is Austria's primate city, with just over two million inhabitants. .... He was a ministerial secretary in Vienna His most significant publications are: * ''Fauna Austriaca. Die Fliegen (Diptera). Nach der analytischen Methode bearbeitet'' 1862–1864. *As editor ''Catalogus systematicus dipterorum Europae. W.M.W. Impensis: Societatis Zoologico-Botanicae'' 1864. Schiner's collections are in the Naturhistorisches Museum in Vienna. References *Frauenfeld, von 1873 chiner, I. R. ''Verh. k.-k. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien'', Sitzungsber., Wien 23: 465-468. *Musgrave, A. 1932 ''Bibliography of Australian Entomology'' 1775–1930. Sydney, 280 *Osten-Sacken ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Māori Language
Māori (; endonym: 'the Māori language', commonly shortened to ) is an Eastern Polynesian languages, Eastern Polynesian language and the language of the Māori people, the indigenous population of mainland New Zealand. The southernmost member of the Austronesian language family, it is related to Cook Islands Māori, Tuamotuan language, Tuamotuan, and Tahitian language, Tahitian. The Māori Language Act 1987 gave the language recognition as one of New Zealand's official languages. There are regional dialects of the Māori language. Prior to contact with Europeans, Māori lacked a written language or script. Written Māori now uses the Latin script, which was adopted and the spelling standardised by Northern Māori in collaboration with English Protestant clergy in the 19th century. In the second half of the 19th century, European children in rural areas spoke Māori with Māori children. It was common for prominent parents of these children, such as government officials, to us ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Simuliidae
A black fly or blackfly (sometimes called a buffalo gnat, turkey gnat, or white socks) is any member of the family Simuliidae of the Culicomorpha infraorder. It is related to the Ceratopogonidae, Chironomidae, and Thaumaleidae. Over 2,200 species of black flies have been formally named, of which 15 are extinct. They are divided into two subfamilies: Parasimuliinae contains only one genus and four species; Simuliinae contains all the rest. Over 1,800 of the species belong to the genus '' Simulium''. Most black flies gain nourishment by feeding on the blood of mammals, including humans, although the males feed mainly on nectar. They are usually small, black or gray, with short legs and antennae. They are a common nuisance for humans, and many U.S. states have programs to suppress the black fly population. They spread several diseases, including river blindness in Africa (''Simulium damnosum'' and ''S. neavei'') and the Americas (''S. callidum'' and ''S. metallicum'' in Cent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Endemism
Endemism is the state of a species being found only in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsewhere. For example, the Cape sugarbird is found exclusively in southwestern South Africa and is therefore said to be ''endemic'' to that particular part of the world. An endemic species can also be referred to as an ''endemism'' or, in scientific literature, as an ''endemite''. Similarly, many species found in the Western ghats of India are examples of endemism. Endemism is an important concept in conservation biology for measuring biodiversity in a particular place and evaluating the risk of extinction for species. Endemism is also of interest in evolutionary biology, because it provides clues about how changes in the environment cause species to undergo range shifts (potentially expanding their range into a larger area or b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Austrosimulium
''Austrosimulium'' is a genus of about 30 species of black flies that are distributed in Australia and New Zealand. There are 2 subgenera: '' Austrosimulium'' whose species are principally from New Zealand, and '' Novaustrosimulium'' which are exclusively Australian. ''Austrosimulium'' is a sister genus to the monospecific '' Paraustrosimulium'' of South America. Some species are known to spread the protozoan blood parasite '' Leucocytozoon tawaki'' in penguins. In New Zealand, where they are known as '' sandflies'' or namu (in Māori from Proto-Austronesian *''ñamuk'' "mosquito", compare with ), three species – '' A. australense'', '' A. tillyardianum'' and '' A. ungulatum'' – bite humans. Species These 30 species belong to the genus ''Austrosimulium'': ; Subgenus Austrosimulium Tonnoir, 1925 : '' Austrosimulium albovelatum'' Dumbleton, 1973 (New Zealand (South Island)) : ''Austrosimulium alveolatum'' Dumbleton, 1973 (New Zealand (South Island)) : '' Austrosimulium aust ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
North Cape (New Zealand)
North Cape / Otou () is the northernmost point of New Zealand's main islands. At the northeastern tip of the Aupōuri Peninsula, the cape lies east and north of Cape Reinga. The name ''North Cape'' is sometimes used to refer just to the cape that is known in Māori as and which overlooks Murimotu Island, and sometimes just to the eastern point of Murimotu Island. It is also used to refer to the whole larger headland stretching about five kilometres from Murimotu Island westwards to Kerr Point and including the Surville Cliffs. Statistics New Zealand uses a statistical area called North Cape for population data, extending south down the Aupōuri Peninsula to the Houhora Heads. North Cape, one of the four New Zealand Cardinal Capes,Chart Of New Zealand – J Cook 1769–7 Retrieved on 7 December 2017. was named by James Cook, Commander of ''Endeavour'' in its 1769–1770 voyage. At the time the other Cardinal Capes were named Cape East, West Cape and Cape South. North Ca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stewart Island
Stewart Island (, ' glowing skies', officially Stewart Island / Rakiura, formerly New Leinster) is New Zealand's third-largest island, located south of the South Island, across Foveaux Strait. It is a roughly triangular island with a land area of . Its coastline is indented by Paterson Inlet (east), Port Pegasus (south), and Mason Bay (west). The island is generally hilly (rising to at Mount Anglem) and densely forested. Flightless birds, including penguins, thrive because there are few introduced predators. Almost all the island is owned by the New Zealand government, and over 80 percent of the island forms Rakiura National Park. Stewart Island's economy depends on fishing and summer tourism. Its permanent population was recorded at 408 people in the 2018 census. Most residents live in the settlement of Oban on the eastern side of the island. Ferries connect Oban to Bluff in the South Island. Stewart Island is part of the Southland District for local government p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canterbury Region
Canterbury () is a region of New Zealand, located in the central-eastern South Island. The region covers an area of , making it the largest region in the country by area. It is home to a population of The region in its current form was established in 1989 during nationwide local government reforms. The Kaikōura District joined the region in 1992 following the abolition of the Nelson-Marlborough Regional Council. Christchurch, the South Island's largest city and the country's second-largest urban area, is the seat of the region and home to percent of the region's population. Other major towns and cities include Timaru, Ashburton, Rangiora and Rolleston. History Natural history The land, water, flora, and fauna of Canterbury has a long history, stretching from creation of the greywacke basement rocks that make up the Southern Alps to the arrival of the first humans. This history is linked to the solidification and development of tectonic plates, the development of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Otago
Otago (, ; ) is a regions of New Zealand, region of New Zealand located in the southern half of the South Island and administered by the Otago Regional Council. It has an area of approximately , making it the country's second largest local government region. Its population was The name "Otago" is the local Māori language#South Island dialects, southern Māori dialect pronunciation of "Otakou, Ōtākou", the name of the Māori village near the entrance to Otago Harbour. The exact meaning of the term is disputed, with common translations being "isolated village" and "place of red earth", the latter referring to the reddish-ochre clay that is common in the area around Dunedin. "Otago" is also the old name of the European settlement on the harbour, established by the Weller Brothers in 1831, which lies close to Otakou. The upper harbour later became the focus of the Otago Association, an offshoot of the Free Church of Scotland (1843–1900), Free Church of Scotland, notable for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
High Country (New Zealand)
In New Zealand, high country is a term for the elevated pastoral land of the South Island and – to a lesser extent – North Island. This terrain, which can be compared loosely with the outback of Australia, high veldt of South Africa and pampas of Argentina, lies in the rain shadow of the country's mountain ranges and tends to be extensively farmed land with a continental climate consisting of low rainfall, cold winters and hot summers. Livestock farmed in these regions include sheep and – increasingly – deer and alpaca, and a major ground-covering plant of the area is tussock. Regions of New Zealand closely associated with the high country include Central Otago and the Mackenzie Basin in the South Island, and parts of the North Island Volcanic Plateau. Much of the land is at a high altitude (hence its name), with the majority of the high country being more than 600 metres (2000 feet) above sea level. The land is marked with geological features associated with glaciation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Austrosimulium Australense 60064924
''Austrosimulium'' is a genus of about 30 species of black flies that are distributed in Australia and New Zealand. There are 2 subgenera: ''Austrosimulium'' whose species are principally from New Zealand, and '' Novaustrosimulium'' which are exclusively Australian. ''Austrosimulium'' is a sister genus to the monospecific '' Paraustrosimulium'' of South America. Some species are known to spread the protozoan blood parasite ''Leucocytozoon tawaki'' in penguins. In New Zealand, where they are known as ''sandflies'' or namu (in Māori from Proto-Austronesian *''ñamuk'' "mosquito", compare with ), three species – '' A. australense'', '' A. tillyardianum'' and '' A. ungulatum'' – bite humans. Species These 30 species belong to the genus ''Austrosimulium'': ; Subgenus Austrosimulium Tonnoir, 1925 : ''Austrosimulium albovelatum'' Dumbleton, 1973 (New Zealand (South Island)) : ''Austrosimulium alveolatum'' Dumbleton, 1973 (New Zealand (South Island)) : ''Austrosimulium australen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
