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Austria (Lombard)
Austria was, according to the early medieval geographical classification, the eastern portion of Langobardia Major, the north-central part of the Lombard Kingdom, extended from the Adda (river), Adda to Friuli and opposite to Neustria (Lombard), Neustria. The partition had not only been territorial, but also implied significant cultural and political differences. Territory Austria included the Duchy (Lombard), duchies of the north-eastern Lombard Kingdom. Among them a prominent role was played by: *Duchy of Friuli *Duchy of Verona *Duchy of Trent *Duchy of Brescia *Duchy of Bergamo History The duchies of Austria presented themselves as the defenders of the warrior and conqueror spirit of the Lombards. Here survived longer than in other places the old paganism, pagan cults and among the converts to Christianity, many were adherents of Arianism or adherents to the Schism of the Three Chapters. The Dukes of ''Austria'' pressed repeatedly on the king to take initiative, coming in seve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Early Medieval
The Early Middle Ages (or early medieval period), sometimes controversially referred to as the Dark Ages, is typically regarded by historians as lasting from the late 5th to the 10th century. They marked the start of the Middle Ages of European history, following the decline of the Western Roman Empire, and preceding the High Middle Ages ( 11th to 14th centuries). The alternative term ''late antiquity'', for the early part of the period, emphasizes elements of continuity with the Roman Empire, while ''Early Middle Ages'' is used to emphasize developments characteristic of the earlier medieval period. The period saw a continuation of trends evident since late classical antiquity, including population decline, especially in urban centres, a decline of trade, a small rise in average temperatures in the North Atlantic region and increased migration. In the 19th century the Early Middle Ages were often labelled the ''Dark Ages'', a characterization based on the relative scarci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grimoald I Of Benevento
Grimoald or Grimwald (†671) was a 7th-century King of Italy, ruling as Duke of Benevento from 647 to 662, and then as King of the Lombards from 662 until his death in 671. Life Grimoald was born as the youngest son of Duke Gisulf II of Friuli and the Bavarian Princess Ramhilde, daughter of Duke Garibald I of Bavaria. When the Avars invaded Italy in 611, Gisulf's army was outnumbered and the duchy overrun. Gisulf died in battle; Grimoald and his brother Radoald escaped to Beneventum, where they were adopted by Duke Arechis, a distant kinsman. From 641 to 642, he and his brother served as regents to Arechis's son and successor Duke Aiulf I. Aiulf was killed in 642, defending against some Slavic invaders; he was succeeded by Radoald. In 647, Grimoald succeeded Radoald as Duke of Benevento.Andrea Bedina, "Grimoaldo, re dei Longobardi", ''Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani'', 59 (Rome: Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana, 2003). As duke, he successfully defended the Sanc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aripert II
Aripert II (also spelled ''Aribert'') was the king of the Lombards from 701 to 712. Duke of Turin and son of King Raginpert, and thus a scion of the Bavarian Dynasty, he was associated with the throne as early as 700. He was removed by Liutpert, who reigned from 700 to 702, with the exception of the year 701, when Raginpert seized the throne. After his father's death, he tried to take the throne, too. He defeated Liutpert and the regent Ansprand's men at Pavia and captured the king, whom he later had strangled in his bath. He seized the capital and forced Ansprand over the Alps. He was firmly in power by 703. He thence reigned uninterrupted until his death. His reign was a troubled one. In 703, Faroald II of Spoleto, Faroald, duke of Spoleto, attacked the Exarchate of Ravenna, but Aripert refused to assist him, for he wanted good relations with papacy and Byzantine Empire, empire. He tried nevertheless to assert his authority over Spoleto and Benevento in the Mezzogiorno. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raginpert
Raginpert (also ''Raghinpert'' or ''Reginbert'') was the Duke of Turin and then King of the Lombards briefly in 701. He was the son of Godepert and grandson of Aripert I. He usurped the throne in 701 and removed Liutpert, his grandnephew, putting his son Aripert in line for the succession. He and his Neustrians (men of Piedmont) went out to meet the regent, Ansprand, in battle and defeated him at Novara Novara (; Novarese Lombard, Novarese: ) is the capital city of the province of Novara in the Piedmont (Italy), Piedmont region in northwest Italy, to the west of Milan. With 101,916 inhabitants (on 1 January 2021), it is the second most populous ..., but died shortly after. His son Aripert did not succeed in taking the throne right away. Notes , - {{Antique Kings of Italy 7th-century births 701 deaths 8th-century Lombard monarchs Lombard warriors Bavarian dynasty Year of birth unknown Baiuvarii ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rotarit
Rotarit (or Rotharit) (died Turin, 702) was a Lombard duke, the last Duke of Bergamo. In 700, fighting broke out over the succession of the just disappeared king, Cunipert (to which was faithful), Rotarit stood in favor of his son, Liutpert, who was still underage, and his tutor Ansprand. Opposing him was the Duke of Turin Raginpert, the son of Godepert and therefore an exponent of the ruling Bavarian dynasty. The fighting ended with a battle fought at Novara in early 701, during which Rotarit and his ally Ansprand succumbed. Raginpert, supported by the Lombards of Neustria (the Northwest region of the kingdom) ascended to the throne and immediately associated his son, the future Aripert II. With the death of Raginpert, which occurred a few months after the battle of Novara, Rotarit and Ansprand imprisoned Aripert II and restored Liutpert to the throne. Aripert II, however, managed to escape and the following year (702) defeated the protectors of Liutpert at Pavia, deposed and impr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ansfrid Of Friuli
Ansfrid, Ansfrit, or Ausfrid was the Duke of Friuli in 694. He was originally the lord of the castle of Ragogna. In 694, he attacked Friuli and forced Duke Rodoald to flee to King Cunipert. Ansfrid then rebelled against the king in an attempt to make himself sovereign. He invaded Verona, but was there captured and brought before the king. He was blinded and exiled. Rodoald's brother Ado was invested in the Friulian dukedom. Sources *Paul the Deacon Paul the Deacon ( 720s 13 April in 796, 797, 798, or 799 AD), also known as ''Paulus Diaconus'', ''Warnefridus'', ''Barnefridus'', or ''Winfridus'', and sometimes suffixed ''Cassinensis'' (''i.e.'' "of Monte Cassino"), was a Benedictine monk, sc ...''Historia Langobardorum'' Translated by William Dudley Foulke. University of Pennsylvania: 1907. * Hodgkin, Thomas. ''Italy and her Invaders''. Clarendon Press: 1895. 7th-century births Dukes of Friuli 7th-century Lombard people 7th-century dukes in Europe Year of death un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cunipert
Cunipert (also Cunibert or Cunincpert) was king of the Lombards from 688 to 700. He succeeded his father Perctarit, though he was associated with the throne from 680. Life Soon after his assumption of the sole kingship, Cunipert was ousted by Alahis, duke of Brescia (who had previously been duke of Trento). Alahis had also rebelled during the reign of Perctarit, but it was Cunipert who, according to Paul the Deacon in the ''Historia Langobardorum'', had persuaded his father to show mercy. Perctarit is reported to have warned his son of the consequences. It was thus soon after Perctarit's death that Alahis forced Cunipert to flee to Isola Comacina, an island in the middle of Lake Como. The only extant record of the rule of Alahis is contained in ''Book V'' of Paul the Deacon's ''Historia Langobardorum''. His rule is portrayed as burdensome and tyrannical, and particularly antagonistic to the Catholic Church. Having lost the support of the Church and, crucially, of the 'people ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pavia
Pavia ( , ; ; ; ; ) is a town and comune of south-western Lombardy, in Northern Italy, south of Milan on the lower Ticino (river), Ticino near its confluence with the Po (river), Po. It has a population of c. 73,086. The city was a major political centre in the medieval period, being the capital of the Ostrogothic Kingdom from 540 to 553, of the Kingdom of the Lombards from 572 to 774, of the Kingdom of Italy (Holy Roman Empire), Kingdom of Italy from 774 to 1024 and seat of the Visconti of Milan, Visconti court from 1365 to 1413. Pavia is the capital of the fertile province of Pavia, which is known for a variety of agricultural products, including wine, rice, cereals, and dairy products. Although there are a number of industries located in the suburbs, these tend not to disturb the peaceful atmosphere of the town. It is home to the ancient University of Pavia (founded in 1361 and recognized in 2022 by the Times Higher Education World University Rankings, Times Higher Education ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duke Of Trent
The Duchy of Tridentum (Trent) was an autonomous Lombards, Lombard duchy, established by Euin during the Rule of the Dukes, Lombard interregnum of 574–584 that followed the assassination of the Lombard leader Alboin. The stronghold of Euin's territory was the Roman city of Trento, Tridentum in the upper valley of the Adige, in the foothills of the Alps in northern Italy, where the duchy formed one of the marches of the Kingdom of the Lombards, Lombard Kingdom of Italy. There he shared power with the bishop, who was nominally subject to the Patriarch of Aquileia. In 574–75, Lombard raiding parties pillaged the valley of the Rhône, incurring retaliatory raids into the duchy by Austrasia, Austrasian Franks, who had seized control of the mountain passes leading into the kingdom of Burgundy. Euin was at the head of the army loyal to Authari that went into the territory of the Duchy of Friuli, duke of Friuli in Istria, c 589, and he was sent by Agilulf to make peace with the F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alahis
Alahis (or Alagis) (fl. 680–689) was the Arian duke of Trent and Brescia before becoming king of the Lombards after his successful rebellion in 688. He ruled for about a year. His first rebellion against King Perctarit failed in 680, but the king captured, pardoned, and released him. He rebelled again in 688 when Perctarit's son Cunipert succeeded. He forced Cunipert to a castle on an island in the middle of Lake Como, but his rule was burdensome and tyrannical, and so he lost the support of the people. Finally, in 689, Cunipert issued forth with the men of Piedmont and defeated Alahis and the men of Venetia at the Battle of Coronate, on the Horn of the Adda, near Lodi. Alahis was defeated and slain in battle. References * Gwatkin, H. M., Whitney, J. P., edd. ''The Cambridge Medieval History: Volume II—The Rise of the Saracens and the Foundations of the Western Empire''. Cambridge University Press Cambridge University Press was the university press of the Unive ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turin
Turin ( , ; ; , then ) is a city and an important business and cultural centre in northern Italy. It is the capital city of Piedmont and of the Metropolitan City of Turin, and was the first Italian capital from 1861 to 1865. The city is mainly on the western bank of the Po (river), River Po, below its Susa Valley, and is surrounded by the western Alpine arch and Superga hill. The population of the city proper is 856,745 as of 2025, while the population of the urban area is estimated by Eurostat to be 1.7 million inhabitants. The Turin metropolitan area is estimated by the OECD to have a population of 2.2 million. The city was historically a major European political centre. From 1563, it was the capital of the Duchy of Savoy, then of the Kingdom of Sardinia (1720–1861), Kingdom of Sardinia ruled by the House of Savoy, and the first capital of the Kingdom of Italy from 1861 to 1865. Turin is sometimes called "the cradle of Italian liberty" for having been the politi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asti
Asti ( , ; ; ) is a ''comune'' (municipality) of 74,348 inhabitants (1–1–2021) located in the Italy, Italian region of Piedmont, about east of Turin, in the plain of the Tanaro, Tanaro River. It is the capital of the province of Asti and it is deemed to be the modern Capital city, capital of Montferrat. History Ancient times and early Middle Ages People have lived in and around what is now Asti since the Neolithic period. Before their defeat in 174 BC by the Romans, tribes of Ligures, the Statielli, dominated the area and the toponym probably derives from ''Ast'' which means "hill" in the ancient Celtic language. In 124 BC the Romans built a ''castrum'', or fortified camp, which eventually evolved into a full city named Hasta. In 89 BC the city received the status of ''Colonia (Roman), colonia'', and in 49 BC that of ''municipium''. Asti became an important city of the Augustan Italia (Roman Empire), Regio IX, favoured by its strategic position on the Tanaro river a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
