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Auchenorrhyncha
The Auchenorrhyncha suborder of the Hemiptera contains most of the familiar members of what was called the "Homoptera" – groups such as cicadas, leafhoppers, treehoppers, planthoppers, and spittlebugs. The aphids and scale insects are the other well-known "Homoptera", and they are in the suborder Sternorrhyncha. Distributed worldwide, all members of this group are plant-feeders, and many are vectors of viral and fungal diseases of plants. It is also common for Auchenorrhyncha species to produce either audible sounds or substrate vibrations as a form of communication. Such calls range from vibrations inaudible to humans, to the calls of many species of cicadas that can be heard for hundreds of metres, at least. In season, they produce the most characteristic and ubiquitous noise of the bush. Etymology The word "Auchenorrhyncha" is derived from the Greek words αὐχήν (auchēn), meaning "neck" or "throat," and ῥύγχος (rhynchos), meaning "snout". Classificat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hemiptera
Hemiptera (; ) is an order of insects, commonly called true bugs, comprising more than 80,000 species within groups such as the cicadas, aphids, planthoppers, leafhoppers, assassin bugs, bed bugs, and shield bugs. They range in size from to around , and share a common arrangement of piercing-sucking mouthparts. The name "true bugs" is sometimes limited to the suborder Heteroptera. Entomologists reserve the term ''bug'' for Hemiptera or Heteroptera,Gilbert Waldbauer. ''The Handy Bug Answer Book.'' Visible Ink, 1998p. 1. which does not include other arthropods or insects of other orders such as ants, bees, beetles, or butterflies. In some varieties of English, all terrestrial arthropods (including non-insect arachnids and myriapods) also fall under the colloquial understanding of ''bug''. Many insects with "bug" in their common name, especially in American English, belong to other orders; for example, the lovebug is a fly and the Maybug and ladybug are beetles. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leafhopper
Leafhopper is the common name for any species from the family (biology), family Cicadellidae: based on the type genus ''Cicadella''. These minute insects, colloquially known as hoppers, are plant feeders that suck plant sap from grass, shrubs, or trees. Their hind legs are modified for jumping, and are covered with hairs that facilitate the spreading of a secretion over their bodies that acts as a water repellent and carrier of pheromones. They undergo a partial metamorphosis, and have various host associations, varying from very generalized to very specific. Some species have a cosmopolitan distribution, or occur throughout the temperate and tropical regions. Some are pests or Vector (epidemiology), vectors of plant viruses and phytoplasmas. The family is distributed all over the world, and constitutes the second-largest hemipteran family, with at least 20,000 described species. They belong to a lineage traditionally treated as infraorder Cicadomorpha in the suborder Auchenorrhy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Planthopper Nymphs
A planthopper is any insect in the infraorder Fulgoromorpha, in the suborder Auchenorrhyncha, a group exceeding 12,500 described species worldwide. The name comes from their remarkable resemblance to leaves and other plants of their environment and that they often "hop" for quick transportation in a similar way to that of grasshoppers. However, planthoppers generally walk very slowly. Distributed worldwide, all members of this group are plant-feeders, though few are considered pests. Fulgoromorphs are most reliably distinguished from the other Auchenorrhyncha by two features; the bifurcate (Y-shaped) anal vein in the forewing, and the thickened, three-segmented antennae, with a generally round or egg-shaped second segment (pedicel) that bears a fine filamentous arista. Overview Planthoppers are laterally flattened and hold their broad wings vertically, in a tent-like fashion, concealing the sides of the body and part of the legs. Nymphs of many planthoppers produce wax from sp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Planthopper
A planthopper is any insect in the infraorder Fulgoromorpha, in the suborder Auchenorrhyncha, a group exceeding 12,500 described species worldwide. The name comes from their remarkable resemblance to leaves and other plants of their environment and that they often "hop" for quick transportation in a similar way to that of grasshoppers. However, planthoppers generally walk very slowly. Distributed worldwide, all members of this group are plant-feeders, though few are considered pests. Fulgoromorphs are most reliably distinguished from the other Auchenorrhyncha by two features; the bifurcate (Y-shaped) anal vein in the forewing, and the thickened, three-segmented antennae, with a generally round or egg-shaped second segment (pedicel) that bears a fine filamentous arista. Overview Planthoppers are laterally flattened and hold their broad wings vertically, in a tent-like fashion, concealing the sides of the body and part of the legs. Nymphs of many planthoppers produce wax from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cicada
The cicadas () are a superfamily, the Cicadoidea, of insects in the order Hemiptera (true bugs). They are in the suborder Auchenorrhyncha, along with smaller jumping bugs such as leafhoppers and froghoppers. The superfamily is divided into two families, the Tettigarctidae, with two species in Australia, and the Cicadidae, with more than 3,000 species Taxonomy (biology)#Taxonomic descriptions, described from around the world; many species remain Undescribed taxon, undescribed. Nearly all cicada species are annual cicadas with the exception of the few North American periodical cicada species, genus ''Magicicada'', which in a given region emerge en masse every 13 or 17 years. Cicadas have prominent eyes set wide apart, short antennae, and membranous front wings. They have an exceptionally loud song, produced in most species by the rapid buckling and unbuckling of drum-like tymbals. The earliest known fossil Cicadomorpha appeared in the Upper Permian period; extant species occur a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cercopidae
Cercopidae are the largest family of Cercopoidea, a xylem-feeding insect group, commonly called froghoppers. They belong to the hemipteran suborder Auchenorrhyncha. A 2023 phylogenetic study of the family suggested the elevation of the New World subfamily Ischnorhininae to full family status as Ischnorhinidae, leaving a monophyletic Old World Cercopinae. Taxonomy Based on a 2023 molecular phylogenetic analysis, the Cercopidae ''senso stricto'' was divided into two monophyletic subfamilies, Cercopinae and Cosmoscartinae, each with a number of tribes. Cercopinae ;Tribe Bandusiini *''Bandusia (froghopper), Bandisia'' ;Tribe Callitetixini *''Abidama'' *''Callitettix'' *''Caloscarta'' *''Moultoniella'' *''Rhinastria'' *''Tadascarta'' ;Tribe Cercopini *''Cercopis'' *''Haematoloma'' *''Triecphorella'' ;Tribe Haematoscartini *''Clypeocarta'' *''Haematoscarta'' *''Lieftinckana'' *''Straelenia'' ;Tribe Hemiaufidini *''Hemiaufidus'' ;Tribe Locrisini *''Anyllis'' *''Duli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tettigarctidae
The Tettigarctidae, known as the hairy cicadas, are a small relict (mostly extinct) family of primitive cicadas. Along with more than 20 extinct genera, Tettigarctidae contains a single extant genus, '' Tettigarcta'', with two extant species, one from southern Australia ('' T. crinita'') and one from the island of Tasmania ('' T. tomentosa''). Numerous fossil species have been described from the Late Triassic onwards. ''Tettigarcta'' are the closest living relatives of the true cicadas. Genera Only one genus in the family Tettigarctidae is not extinct, '' Tettigarcta''. Many fossil genera have been historically attributed to this family. However, it has been argued that Tettigarctidae including all of these fossil species is a paraphyletic group that also includes some cicadas that are more closely related to Cicadidae than to ''Tettigarcta''. Dates given in million years ago (Ma). Family Tettigarctidae * † '' Hpanraais'' Jiang et al. 2019 - Burmese amber, Myanmar, mid Cre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cicadidae
Cicadidae, the true cicadas,World Auchenorrhyncha Database: family Cicadidae Batsch, 1789 (retrieved 21 May 2025) is one of two families of cicadas. With about 519 genera and over 3,400 species worldwide, it contains most living cicada species, except for the two belonging to its sister taxon, the Tettigarctidae. Description Cicadas are large insects characterized by their membranous wings, triangular-formation of three ocelli on the top of their heads, and their short, bristle-like antennae.Ecology Communication Cicadas are known for the loud airborne sounds that males of most species make to attract mates. One member of this family, ''Brevisana brevis'', the "shrill thorntree cicada", is the loudest inse ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Machaerotidae
Machaerotidae are a family of bugs in the superfamily Cercopoidea which were formerly placed within Cercopidae. They are sometimes called tube-forming spittle-bugs as the nymphs form a calcareous tube within which they live. These bugs are mainly found in the Old World tropics. The adults of many genera have a long, free and spine-like process originating from the scutellum and thus superficially similar to the tree-hoppers, Membracidae. The tegmen or forewing, like typical bugs of the suborder Heteroptera, always has a distinct, membranous apical area. Like other cercopoids, these are xylem-sap feeders. The nymph extracts calcium from the xylem fluid and constructs a calcareous tube from Malphigian gland secretions. They typically feed on woody dicots and immerse themselves in a rather clear fluid excretion inside the tube. The tubes strongly resemble the shells of certain serpulid sea worms or helicoid land snails and contain no less than 75% calcium carbonate. This ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clastopteridae
Clastopteridae is a family of spittlebugs in the order Hemiptera. There are at least 10 genera and 100 described species in Clastopteridae. Genera These 10 genera belong to the family Clastopteridae: * '' Allox'' Hamilton, 2014 * '' Clastoptera'' Germar, 1839 * '' Hemizygon'' Hamilton, 2014 * '' Iba'' Schmidt, 1920 * '' Parahindoloides'' Lallemand, 1951 * '' Paropia'' Germar, 1833 * '' Pseudoclastoptera'' Hamilton, 2014 * '' Taphrotylus'' Hamilton, 2015 * ''Zygon The long-running BBC science fiction television series ''Doctor Who'' has an extensive universe inhabited by a continuously expanding gallery of creatures and aliens. The series first aired on BBC in 1963 until its cancellation in 1989, with ...'' Hamilton, 2014 * † '' Prisciba'' Poinar, 2014 References Further reading * * External links * Auchenorrhyncha families Cercopoidea {{Auchenorrhyncha-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cicadomorpha
Cicadomorpha is an infraorder of the insect order Hemiptera which contains the cicadas, leafhoppers, treehoppers, and spittlebugs. There are approximately 35,000 described species worldwide. Distributed worldwide, all members of this group are plant-feeders, and many produce either audible sounds or substrate vibrations as a form of communication. The earliest fossils of cicadomorphs first appear during the Late Permian. Notable extinct members include the "giant cicadas" belonging to Palaeontinidae. Classification Some authors use the name Clypeorrhyncha (from the Latin ''clypeus'' and the Greek Greek may refer to: Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor of all kno ... ῥύγχος ''rhúnkhos'', 'shielded nose') as a replacement for the extant Cicadomorpha. Nymphs of many Cicadomorphans coat them ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aphrophoridae
The Aphrophoridae are a family of spittlebugs belonging to the order Hemiptera. There are at least 160 genera and 990 described species in Aphrophoridae. Taxonomy Traditionally, most of the superfamily Cercopoidea was considered a single family, the Cercopidae, but this family has been split into three families for many years now: the Aphrophoridae, Cercopidae, and Clastopteridae. All molecular analyses published since 2005 indicate that Aphrophoridae is monophyletic, but only if the Epipyginae is retained within Aphrophoridae as a subfamily or tribe within Aphrophoridae, rather than excluded as a separate family ("Epipygidae").Cryan, J.R., Svenson, G.J. (2010) Family-level relationships of the spittlebugs and froghoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadomorpha: Cercopoidea). Systematic Entomology, 35: 393-415. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2009.00520.xHamilton, K.G.A. (2016) Neotropical spittlebugs related to Neaenini (Hemiptera, Cercopidae) and the origins of subfamily Cercopinae ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
