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Asynchronous Neurotransmitter Release
Asynchrony is any dynamic far from synchronization. If and as parts of an asynchronous system become more synchronized, those parts or even the whole system can be said to be in sync (other), sync. Asynchrony or asynchronous may refer to: Electronics and computing * Asynchrony (computer programming), the occurrence of events independent of the main program flow, and ways to deal with such events ** Async/await * Asynchronous system, a system having no global clock, instead operating under distributed control ** Asynchronous circuit, a sequential digital logic circuit not governed by a clock circuit or signal ** Asynchronous communication, transmission of data without the use of an external clock signal * Asynchronous cellular automaton, a mathematical model of discrete cells which update their state independently * Asynchronous operation, a sequence of operations executed out of time coincidence with any event * Asynchronous I/O, an Input and Output operations that allow ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Synchronization
Synchronization is the coordination of events to operate a system in unison. For example, the Conductor (music), conductor of an orchestra keeps the orchestra synchronized or ''in time''. Systems that operate with all parts in synchrony are said to be synchronous or ''in sync''—and those that are not are ''Asynchronous system, asynchronous''. Today, time synchronization can occur between systems around the world through satellite navigation signals and other time and frequency transfer techniques. Navigation and railways Time-keeping and synchronization of clocks is a critical problem in long-distance ocean navigation. Before radio navigation and Radionavigation-satellite service, satellite-based navigation, navigators required accurate time in conjunction with astronomical observations to determine History of longitude, how far east or west their vessel traveled. The invention of an accurate marine chronometer revolutionized marine navigation. By the end of the 19th cent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sync (other)
Sync and synch are abbreviations of synchrony, or synchronization, the coordination of events to keep them in time. The opposite of synchrony is asynchrony. Sync or synch may also refer to: Computing and technology *Sync (Unix), a command and a system call for Unix-like operating systems *Data synchronization, keeping multiple copies of a dataset in coherence with one another *File synchronization or syncing, to synchronize directories or files on computers *Browser synchronization, cloud service provided by web browser vendors for users to synchronize settings and data on multiple devices *Microsoft Sync Framework, a data synchronization platform from Microsoft * Resilio Sync (formerly BitTorrent Sync), a peer-to-peer file synchronization tool *Synchronization (computer science), relates to similar principles of synchronization of processes or data * Syncthing, an open source peer-to-peer file synchronization tool * SyncToy, a Microsoft PowerToy's software for file synchronizat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asynchrony (computer Programming)
Asynchrony, in computer programming, refers to the occurrence of events independent of the main program flow and ways to deal with such events. These may be "outside" events such as the arrival of signals, or actions instigated by a program that take place concurrently with program execution, without the program hanging to wait for results. Asynchronous input/output is an example of the latter case of asynchrony, and lets programs issue commands to storage or network devices that service these requests while the processor continues executing the program. Doing so provides a degree of concurrency. A common way for dealing with asynchrony in a programming interface is to provide subroutines that return a future or promise that represents the ongoing operation, and a synchronizing operation that blocks until the future or promise is completed. Some programming languages, such as Cilk, have special syntax for expressing an asynchronous procedure call. Examples of asynchrony ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Async/await
In computer programming, the async/await pattern is a syntactic feature of many programming languages that allows an asynchronous, non-blocking function to be structured in a way similar to an ordinary synchronous function. It is semantically related to the concept of a coroutine and is often implemented using similar techniques, and is primarily intended to provide opportunities for the program to execute other code while waiting for a long-running, asynchronous task to complete, usually represented by promises or similar data structures. The feature is found in C#, C++, Python, F#, Hack, Julia, Dart, Kotlin, Rust, Nim, JavaScript, and Swift. History F# added asynchronous workflows with await points in version 2.0 in 2007. This influenced the async/await mechanism added to C#. Microsoft first released a version of C# with async/await in the Async CTP (2011). It was later officially released in C# 5 (2012). Haskell lead developer Simon Marlow created the async pack ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asynchronous System
The primary focus of this article is asynchronous control in digital electronic systems. In a synchronous system, operations ( instructions, calculations, logic, etc.) are coordinated by one, or more, centralized clock signals. An asynchronous system, in contrast, has no global clock. Asynchronous systems do not depend on strict arrival times of signals or messages for reliable operation. Coordination is achieved using event-driven architecture triggered by network packet arrival, changes (transitions) of signals, handshake protocols, and other methods. Modularity Asynchronous systems – much like object-oriented software – are typically constructed out of modular 'hardware objects', each with well-defined communication interfaces. These modules may operate at variable speeds, whether due to data-dependent processing, dynamic voltage scaling, or process variation. The modules can then be combined to form a correct working system, without reference to a global ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asynchronous Circuit
Asynchronous circuit (clockless or self-timed circuit) is a sequential logic, sequential digital logic electrical network, circuit that does not use a global clock circuit or clock signal, signal generator to synchronize its components. Instead, the components are driven by a handshaking circuit which indicates a completion of a set of instructions. Handshaking works by simple data transfer Communications protocol, protocols. Many synchronous circuits were developed in early 1950s as part of bigger asynchronous systems (e.g. ORDVAC). Asynchronous circuits and theory surrounding is a part of several steps in integrated circuit design, a field of digital electronics engineering. Asynchronous circuits are contrasted with synchronous circuits, in which changes to the signal values in the circuit are triggered by repetitive pulses called a clock signal. Most digital devices today use synchronous circuits. However asynchronous circuits have a potential to be much faster, have a lower ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asynchronous Communication
In telecommunications, asynchronous communication is transmission of data, generally without the use of an external clock signal, where data can be transmitted intermittently rather than in a steady stream. Any timing required to recover data from the communication symbols is encoded within the symbols. The most significant aspect of asynchronous communications is that data is not transmitted at regular intervals, thus making possible variable bit rate, and that the transmitter and receiver clock generators do not have to be exactly synchronized all the time. In asynchronous transmission, data is sent one byte at a time and each byte is preceded by start and stop bits. Physical layer In asynchronous serial communication in the physical protocol layer, the data blocks are code words of a certain word length, for example octets ( bytes) or ASCII characters, delimited by start bits and stop bits. A variable length space can be inserted between the code words. No bit syn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asynchronous Cellular Automaton
Cellular automata, as with other multi-agent system models, usually treat time as discrete and state updates as occurring synchronously. The state of every cell in the model is updated together, before any of the new states influence other cells. In contrast, an asynchronous cellular automaton is able to update individual cells independently, in such a way that the new state of a cell affects the calculation of states in neighbouring cells. Implementations of synchronous updating can be analysed in two phases. The first, interaction, calculates the new state of each cell based on the neighbourhood and the update rule. State values are held in a temporary store. The second phase updates state values by copying the new states to the cells. In contrast, asynchronous updating does not necessarily separate these two phases: in the simplest case (fully asynchronous updating), changes in state are implemented immediately. The synchronous approach assumes the presence of a global cloc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asynchronous Operation
{{no footnotes, date=March 2013 In telecommunications, asynchronous operation or asynchronous working is where a sequence of operations is executed such that the operations are executed out of time coincidence with any event. It can also be an operation that occurs without a regular or predictable time relationship to a specified event; e.g., the calling of an error diagnostic routine that may receive control at any time during the execution of a computer program. Sources From Federal Standard 1037C and from MIL-STD-188 MIL-STD-188 is a series of U.S. military standards relating to telecommunications. Purpose Faced with "past technical deficiencies in telecommunications systems and equipment and software…that were traced to basic inadequacies in the appl ... External links Asynchronous Operations Telecommunication theory ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asynchronous I/O
In computer science, asynchronous I/O (also non-sequential I/O) is a form of input/output processing that permits other processing to continue before the I/O operation has finished. A name used for asynchronous I/O in the Windows API is '' overlapped I/O''. Input and output (I/O) operations on a computer can be extremely slow compared to the processing of data. An I/O device can incorporate mechanical devices that must physically move, such as a hard drive seeking a track to read or write; this is often orders of magnitude slower than the switching of electric current. For example, during a disk operation that takes ten milliseconds to perform, a processor that is clocked at one gigahertz The hertz (symbol: Hz) is the unit of frequency in the International System of Units (SI), often described as being equivalent to one event (or cycle) per second. The hertz is an SI derived unit whose formal expression in terms of SI base un ... could have performed ten million instruct ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asynchrony (game Theory)
In game theory Game theory is the study of mathematical models of strategic interactions. It has applications in many fields of social science, and is used extensively in economics, logic, systems science and computer science. Initially, game theory addressed ..., asynchrony refers to a gameplay structure where interactions and decisions do not occur in uniformly timed rounds. Unlike synchronous systems, where agents act in coordination with a shared timing mechanism, asynchronous systems lack a global clock, allowing agents to operate at independent and arbitrary speeds relative to one another. This flexibility introduces unique strategic dynamics and complexities to the study of decision-making in such environments.Halpern, J. Y. (2003). A computer scientist looks at game theory. ''Games and Economic Behavior'', 45(1), p. 120 For example, in an asynchronous online auction, bidders may place bids at any time before the auction ends, rather than in fixed, simultaneous turns, le ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asynchronous Learning
Asynchronous learning is a general term used to describe forms of education, instruction, and learning that do not occur in the same place or at the same time. It uses resources that facilitate information sharing outside the constraints of time and place among a network of people.. In many instances, well-constructed asynchronous learning is based on constructivist theory, a student-centered approach that emphasizes the importance of peer-to-peer interactions. This approach combines self-study with asynchronous interactions to promote learning, and it can be used to facilitate learning in traditional on-campus education, distance education, and continuing education. This combined network of learners and the electronic network in which they communicate are referred to as an asynchronous learning network. Online learning resources that can be used to support asynchronous learning include email, electronic mailing lists, threaded conferencing systems, online discussion boards, wik ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
