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Aspidochirotida
Synallactida is a rankless clade of sea cucumbers, but is referred to as an order. Taxa within Synallactida were previously classified in an order called Aspidochirotida, which was determined to be polyphyletic in 2017. List of families Synallactida includes over 130 species in three extant families and two extinct genera: * Deimatidae Théel, 1882 – 3 genera * Stichopodidae The Stichopodidae are a Family (biology), family of sea cucumbers, part of the order Synallactida. Description Members of this family are mostly large or medium-sized sea cucumber, holothuroids with an angular body shape (almost forming a squar ... Haeckel, 1896 – 9 genera * Synallactidae Ludwig, 1894 – 12 genera * Genus †'' Collbatothuria'' Smith & Gallemí, 1991 * Genus †'' Tribrachiodemas'' Reich, 2010 Image:Parastichopus californicus.jpg, '' Apostichopus californicus'' Image:Australostichopus mollis P1222859.JPG, '' Australostichopus mollis'' Image:Isostichopus badionotus.jpg, '' Isos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Holothuroidea
Sea cucumbers are echinoderms from the class Holothuroidea ( ). They are benthic marine animals found on the sea floor worldwide, and the number of known holothuroid species worldwide is about 1,786, with the greatest number being in the Asia–Pacific region. Sea cucumbers serve a useful role in the marine ecosystem as detritivores who help recycle nutrients, breaking down detritus and other organic matter, after which microbes can continue the decomposition process. Sea cucumbers have a leathery skin and an elongated body containing a single, branched gonad, are named for their overall resemblance to the fruit of the cucumber plant. Like all echinoderms, sea cucumbers have a calcified dermal endoskeleton, which is usually reduced to isolated microscopic ossicles (or sclerietes) joined by connective tissue. In some species these can sometimes be enlarged to flattened plates, forming an armoured cuticle. In some abyssal or pelagic species such as '' Pelagothuria natatrix'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isostichopus Badionotus
''Isostichopus badionotus'', also known as the chocolate chip cucumber or the cookie dough sea cucumber, is a species of Holothuroidea, sea cucumber in the family Stichopodidae. This common species is found in warm parts of the Atlantic Ocean. Description This is a large species that can grow to a length of , but the average adult size is about .Steven W. Purcell, Yves Samyn and Chantal Conand, ''Commercially important sea cucumbers of the world'', Roma, FAO Species Catalogue for Fishery Purposes Nb. 6, 2012, 233 p. (). It has distinctive dark coloured "warts" in three coarse rows on its dorsal surface, the rest of the body may vary from white through to shades of orange to brown, with sometimes large brownish stains. The mouth is located ventrally and surrounded by about 20 large tentacles. Image:Isostichopus badionotus 2.jpg Image:Three-Rowed Sea Cucumber.jpg Habitat and range This species is widespread in the warm Atlantic, where found from North Carolina (USA), through ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isostichopus Fuscus
''Isostichopus fuscus'', commonly known as the brown sea cucumber, is a species of sea cucumber in the family Stichopodidae native to the eastern Pacific. It was first described to science by German biologist Hubert Ludwig in 1875. It has a thick dermis without any spikes, making it an easily edible species and thus it is harvested for export to East Asia, where sea cucumber is popular in some cuisines. The fishery is typically conducted in an unsustainable manner, mostly in North and South America, which has caused the populations to decline. The brown sea cucumber is classified by the IUCN as Endangered. Distribution and habitat This species is found in the Pacific Coast of Mexico, including the Gulf of California, and down through Central America to South America as far as the northern coast of Peru, as well as in eastern Pacific islands, including the Galápagos. They are found in shallow waters, roughly 0 to 40 m deep in rocky reefs, although 3 to 29 m are a preferred rang ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stichopus Chloronotus
''Stichopus chloronotus'' is a species of sea cucumber. Common names include the greenfish sea cucumber, the spiky sea cucumber and the black knobby sea cucumber. It is native to the Indo-Pacific region. It has a wide range and is abundant and the IUCN lists it as being of "Least Concern". Description ''Stichopus chloronotus'' is a fairly large species growing to about with a firm but pliable body and a squarish cross section. The skin is smooth but there are numerous conical fleshy papillae in longitudinal rows, and these are larger on the lower lateral angles. This sea cucumber is a deep blackish-green in colour, and has yellow or red tips to the papillae. Image:Reef4315 - Flickr - NOAA Photo Library.jpg Image:Sea cucumber Stichopus chloronotus (7669155166).jpg Image:Stichopus chloronotus1.jpg Image:Stichopus chloronotus Thailand.jpg, Some specimens can be blueish Distribution and habitat ''Stichopus chloronotus'' is native to the Indo-Pacific. Its range extends from t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Australostichopus Mollis
''Australostichopus'' is a genus of sea cucumbers in the family Stichopodidae. It is monotypic, being represented by the single species ''Australostichopus mollis'',Moraes,G., Norhcote, P.C., Kalinin,V.I. ,Avilov, S.A., Silchenko,A.S., Dmitrenok, P.S. 2004. Structure of the major triterpene glycoside from the sea cucumber ''Stichopus mollis'' and evidence to reclassify this species into the new genus ''Australostichopus''. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology. 32 (7): 637–650. commonly known as the brown sea cucumber or Australasian sea cucumber. This species has stimulated interest for its fishery potential in the Southern Hemisphere,Stenton-Dozey, J. and Heath, P. 2009. A first for New Zealand: culturing our endemic sea cucumber for overseas markets. Water & Atmosphere .17(1). and for its capability to reduce waste produced by aquaculture. Despite its ecological role and abundance in New Zealand coastal waters, the scarcity of knowledge regarding ''A. mollis'' biology and e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giant California Sea Cucumber
The California sea cucumber (''Apostichopus californicus''), also known as the giant California sea cucumber, is a Holothuroidea, sea cucumber that can be found from the Gulf of Alaska to Baja California. It is found from the low intertidal zone to a depth of . They are most abundant in areas with moderate current with cobbles, boulders or bedrock. They are Artisanal fishing, artisanally fished. Description The California sea cucumber can grow to a length of and a width of . It has a soft, cylindrical body, with red-brown to yellowish leathery skin. It has an endoskeleton just below the skin. The mouth and anus are on opposite ends of the body. The mouth is surrounded by twenty retractable tentacles that are used to bring food in. Five rows of tube feet extend from the mouth to the anus. They use their tube feet located on the underside of their body to attach themselves to rocks. Feeding The California sea cucumber is a scavenger that feeds on organic matter. They feed by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stichopodidae
The Stichopodidae are a Family (biology), family of sea cucumbers, part of the order Synallactida. Description Members of this family are mostly large or medium-sized sea cucumber, holothuroids with an angular body shape (almost forming a squarish cross-section), a flat ventral surface, and large, fleshy, cone-shaped projections. Their mouths are surrounded by 20 peltate tentacles. They are usually found on soft substrates, such as fine sand or very fine rubble. Genera List of genera according to the World Register of Marine Species: * genus ''Apostichopus'' Liao, 1980 (8 species, North Pacific) * genus ''Astichopus'' Clark, 1922 (1 species, Caribbean) * genus ''Australostichopus'' Levin in Moraes et al., 2004 (1 species, New Zealand and southern Australia) * genus ''Eostichopus'' Cutress & Miller, 1982 (1 species, Caribbean) * genus ''Isostichopus'' Deichmann, 1958 (3 species, warm East Pacific and Atlantic) * genus ''Neostichopus'' Deichmann, 1948 (1 species, South Africa) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Synallactidae
The Synallactidae are a Family (biology), family of sea cucumbers, part of the order Synallactida. Genera * ''Allopatides'' Koehler & Vaney, 1905 * ''Amphigymnas'' Walsh, 1891 * ''Bathyplotes'' Östergren, 1896 * ''Capheira (echinoderm), Capheira'' Ludwig, 1893 * ''Dendrothuria'' Koehler & Vaney, 1905 * ''Galatheathuria'' Hansen & Madsen, 1956 * ''Paelopatides'' Théel, 1886 * ''Pseudothuria'' Koehler & Vaney, 1905 * ''Scotothuria'' Hansen, 1978 * ''Synallactes'' Ludwig, 1894 References Synallactida Echinoderm families {{Holothuroidea-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clade
In biology, a clade (), also known as a Monophyly, monophyletic group or natural group, is a group of organisms that is composed of a common ancestor and all of its descendants. Clades are the fundamental unit of cladistics, a modern approach to taxonomy adopted by most biological fields. The common ancestor may be an individual, a population, or a species (extinct or Extant taxon, extant). Clades are nested, one in another, as each branch in turn splits into smaller branches. These splits reflect evolutionary history as populations diverged and evolved independently. Clades are termed ''monophyletic'' (Greek: "one clan") groups. Over the last few decades, the cladistic approach has revolutionized biological classification and revealed surprising evolutionary relationships among organisms. Increasingly, taxonomists try to avoid naming Taxon, taxa that are not clades; that is, taxa that are not Monophyly, monophyletic. Some of the relationships between organisms that the molecul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deimatidae
Deimatidae is a family of sea cucumbers belonging to the clade Synallactida. Genera The following genera are recognised in the family Deimatidae: * ''Deima The Deyma (; ; ) is a river in Russia's Kaliningrad Oblast. It separates from the Pregolya at Gvardeysk, flows through Polessk, and ends at the Curonian Lagoon. The Polessk Canal connects the Deima with the Nemunas Neman, Nemunas or Niemen is ...'' Théel, 1879 * '' Oneirophanta'' Théel, 1879 * '' Orphnurgus'' Théel, 1879 References {{Taxonbar, from=Q3469529 Synallactida ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
