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Ashkash
Ashkash( , ) or Askas or Arsakes is a major figure in the Shahnameh. He is introduced by Ferdowsi as the general of Kay Khosrow's army. He is depicted as an Iranian hero from the Kayanian dynasty, tasked by Kay Khosrow to govern Makran. As a trusted commander, Ashkash played a significant role in leading the army during Kay Khosrow's campaign against Turan, which was aimed at avenging the death of Siyavash. Origins Ferdowsi mentions a group called Fereydounid among the heroes of Kay Khosrow, headed by Ashkash. He may have been one of the local historical-legendary princes of the Parthian era, each of whom had his own army and banner, but who were obedient to the king. In the Mojmal al-Tawarikh (p. 91), Ashkash, son of Kay Kawad is mentioned as one of the 1200 generals of Kay Khosrow. Al-Tabari and Al-Biruni cite Ashkan ibn Ash in his mention of the Parthian kings. Narrative Ashkash was one of the seven brave Iranian men who went to Turan with Rostam to free Bizhan . ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baloch People
The Baloch ( ) or Baluch ( ; , plural ) are a nomadic, Pastoralism, pastoral, ethnic group which speaks the Western Iranian, Western Iranic Balochi language and is native to the Balochistan region of South Asia, South and Western Asia, encompassing the countries of Pakistan, Iran, and Afghanistan. There are also Baloch diaspora communities in neighbouring regions, including in Central Asia, and the Arabian Peninsula. The majority of the Baloch reside within Pakistan. About 50% of the total Baloch population live in the Pakistani province of Balochistan, Pakistan, Balochistan, while 40% are Baloch people in Sindh, settled in Sindh and a significant albeit smaller number reside in the Baloch people in Punjab, Pakistani Punjab. They make up 3.6% of Pakistan's total population, and around 2% of the populations of both Iran and Afghanistan and the largest non-Arab community in Omani Baloch, Oman. Etymology The exact origin of the word "Baloch" is unclear. According to the Baloch his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shahnameh
The ''Shahnameh'' (, ), also transliterated ''Shahnama'', is a long epic poem written by the Persian literature, Persian poet Ferdowsi between and 1010 CE and is the national epic of Greater Iran. Consisting of some 50,000 distichs or couplets (two-line verses), the ''Shahnameh'' is one of the world's longest epic poems, and the longest epic poem created by a single author. It tells mainly the Persian mythology, mythical and to some extent the historical past of the Persian Empire from the creation of the world until the Muslim conquest of Persia, Muslim conquest in the seventh century. Iran, Azerbaijan, Afghanistan, Tajikistan and the greater Greater Iran, region influenced by Persian culture such as Armenia, Dagestan, Georgia (country), Georgia, Turkey, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan celebrate this national epic. The work is of central importance in Persian culture and Persian language. It is regarded as a literary masterpiece, and definitive of the ethno-national cultural ide ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Garsivaz
Garsivaz (also Garsiwaz, Gersiwaz or Karsivaz) ( ) is a mythical Turanian character, referred to in ''Shahnameh'' ('Book of Kings') by the Persian epic-poet Ferdowsi Abu'l-Qâsem Ferdowsi Tusi (also Firdawsi, ; 940 – 1019/1025) was a Persians, Persian poet and the author of ''Shahnameh'' ("Book of Kings"), which is one of the world's longest epic poetry, epic poems created by a single poet, and the gre .... He is the brother of Afrasiab, king of Turan. He convinced his brother to kill Syavash, which in turn resulted in a number of battles between the Iranian and Afrasiab forces. References Shahnameh characters {{Shahnameh-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Afrasiab
Afrasiyab ( ''afrāsiyāb''; ; Middle-Persian: ''Frāsiyāv, Frāsiyāk'') is the name of the mythical king and hero of Turan. He is the main antagonist of the Persian epic ''Shahnameh'', written by Ferdowsi. Name and origin ''Afrā'' is the poetic form of the Persian word ''Farā'' (itself a poetic word), which means "beyond, further", while Sīāb comes from ''sīāh'' meaning "black" and ''Āb'' meaning "water", "river", "sea" (depending on the context). Scholars see it as a distortion of the Tajik ''Parsīāb'' (from Sogdian ''Paršvāb''), meaning "above the black river" a reference to the Sīāhāb or Sīāb.According to the ''Shahnameh'' (''Book of Kings''), by the Persian epic poet Ferdowsi, Afrasiab was the king and hero of Turan and an archenemy of Iran. In Iranian mythology, Afrasiab is considered by far the most prominent of all Turanian kings; he is a formidable warrior, a skilful general, and an agent of Ahriman, who is endowed with magical powers of deception to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bizhan (Shahnameh)
Bizhan or Bijan () is one of the main Iranian heroes in the ''Shahnameh'', the national epic of Greater Iran. Bizhan is son of Giv and Banu Goshasp and grandson of Goudarz and Rostam. Although he appears in almost all stories in the heroic age of the ''Shahnameh'', he has a significant role in the story of Bizhan and Manizhe, where he falls in love with Manizhe, the daughter of Afrasiab, the king of Turan Turan (; ; , , ) is a historical region in Central Asia. The term is of Iranian origin and may refer to a particular prehistoric human settlement, a historic geographical region, or a culture. The original Turanians were an Iranian tribe of th ... and longtime enemy of Iran. Outside of the ''Shahnameh'', he has been celebrated in other epics such as '' Faramarznameh''. Another epic poem named '' Bizhannameh'' is dedicated to his adventures. It consists of almost 1,900 verses. It has been suggested that Bizhan is a Parthian figure. Vizhan is the name of the grandson of Go ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fariburz (Shahnameh)
Fariburz () is an Iranian hero in Shahnameh, the national epic, of Greater Iran. Mythical biography Family He is son of Kay Kavus and brother of Siyâvash. He appears in the story of Mazandaran, the story of Sohrab and the story of Siavash. Role in mythological history His most important role is when Giv brings Kay Khosrow back to Iran. Tous, another Iranian hero is opposed to the rulership of Kay Khosrow in favor of Fariburz, because Kay Khosrow is grandson of Afrasiab. Kay Kavus, unable to choose between Kay Khosrow and Fariburz, decides to give the rulership to the one who can successfully capture a fortress in Ardabil. Tous and Fariburz are unable to take the fortress, while Giv and Kay Khosrow are able to take it easily. Kay Khosrow thus becomes the king of Iran. Fariburz thereafter obeys Kay Khosrow and participates in the wars between Iran and Turan. Fariburz married Farangis, Kay Khosrow's mother. Fariburz is among those heroes that disappear in the snow after Kay Khosr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leopard
The leopard (''Panthera pardus'') is one of the five extant cat species in the genus ''Panthera''. It has a pale yellowish to dark golden fur with dark spots grouped in rosettes. Its body is slender and muscular reaching a length of with a long tail and a shoulder height of . Males typically weigh , and females . The leopard was first described in 1758, and several subspecies were proposed in the 19th and 20th centuries. Today, eight subspecies are recognised in its wide range in Africa and Asia. It initially evolved in Africa during the Early Pleistocene, before migrating into Eurasia around the Early–Middle Pleistocene transition. Leopards were formerly present across Europe, but became extinct in the region at around the end of the Late Pleistocene-early Holocene. The leopard is adapted to a variety of habitats ranging from rainforest to steppe, including arid and montane areas. It is an opportunistic predator, hunting mostly ungulates and primates. It relies on it ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gostaham
Gostaham () is the name of a number of Iranian heroes in Shahnameh. Son of Nowzar The first Gostaham is the son of Nowzar and the younger brother of Tous. His name was first mentioned in the reign of his father. He was installed as a local ruler in Turan by Kay Khosrow. He is among the heroes who disappeared (or died) in snow during Kay Khosrow's ascent to heaven. Beside Gostaham, four other Iranian heroes also disappeared in this accident. There's a mountain pass named Molla-ye Bižan in the Kohgiluya district where as believed by locals, is where the heroes disappeared. He was also mentioned in other sources. The unknown author of Mojmal al-tawārikò wrote what he was called "rāst-andāz" (sharpshooter) and "saḵt-kamān varāz" (sharp-shooting paladin). According to Iranica, he may be that Vistarav son of Naotara (Nowzar) mentioned in Avesta. Family Tree Son of Gazhdaham The second Gostaham is son of Gazhdaham and brother of Gordafarid during the reign of K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Middle Persian
Middle Persian, also known by its endonym Pārsīk or Pārsīg ( Inscriptional Pahlavi script: , Manichaean script: , Avestan script: ) in its later form, is a Western Middle Iranian language which became the literary language of the Sasanian Empire. For some time after the Sasanian collapse, Middle Persian continued to function as a prestige language. It descended from Old Persian, the language of the Achaemenid Empire and is the linguistic ancestor of Modern Persian, the official language of Iran (also known as Persia), Afghanistan ( Dari) and Tajikistan ( Tajik). Name "Middle Iranian" is the name given to the middle stage of development of the numerous Iranian languages and dialects. The middle stage of the Iranian languages begins around 450 BCE and ends around 650 CE. One of those Middle Iranian languages is Middle Persian, i.e. the middle stage of the language of the Persians, an Iranian people of Persia proper, which lies in the south-western Iran highlands on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Afrasiyab (Samarkand)
Afrasiyab (),( ''afrāsiyāb'') is an ancient site in Northern Samarkand, present day Uzbekistan, that was occupied from c. 500 BC to 1220 AD prior to the Mongol invasion in the 13th century (see Siege of Samarkand (1220)).Archaeological Research in Central Asia of the Muslim Period', World Archaeology Vol. 14, No. 3, Islamic Archaeology (Feb., 1983), pp. 393–405 (13 pages) The oldest layers date from the middle of the first millennium BC. Today, it is a hilly grass mound located near the Bibi Khanaum Mosque. Excavations uncovered the now famous Afrasiab frescoes exposed in the Afrasiab Museum of Samarkand, located next to the archaeological site. Overview Afrasiyab is the oldest part and the ruined site of the ancient and medieval city of Samarkand. It was located on high ground for defensive reasons, south of a river valley and north of a large fertile area which has now become part of the city of Samarkand. The habitation of the territories of Afrasiyab began in the 7th� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gorgin (Shahnameh)
Gorgin () is an Iranian hero in Shahnameh, during the reigns of Kay Kavus and Kay Khosrow. He is son of Milad (Shahnameh), Milad. According to Tabari, the name of Milad's father is also Gorgin, which is possible because in ancient Iran, it was a usual practice to name the first grandson after the grandfather. Beside Shahnameh, Gorgin also appears in other Iranian epics such as Faramarz Nama and Bahman Nama. In the Shahnameh Gorgin is one of the most famous Iranian heroes of the Kay Kāvus era in . His most important role is in the story of Bizhan and Manizhe. He and Bijan travel to the Turan border in order to kill the boars that were in the land of Armenia (Shahnameh), Armenia Roaming. Gorgin becomes envious of Bizhan's bravery and seduces him to go to Turan. There, Bizhan (Shahnameh), Bizhan finds Manizhe and they fell in love. But Afrasiyab arrests Bizhan and throw him into a dungeon. Gorgin returns to Iran and tells Kay Khosrow that Bizhan was lost while hunting an onager. B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bijan And Manijeh
''Bijan and Manijeh'' (also ''Bizhan and Manizheh'', Persian بيژن و منيژه - ''Bīžan ow Manīža'') is a love story in Ferdowsi's Shahnameh. Bijan was the son of Giv, a famous Iranian knight during the reign of Kay Khosrow, the Shah of Iran, and Banu Goshasp, the heroine daughter of Rostam. Bijan falls in love with Manijeh, the daughter of Afrasiab, the king of Turan and the greatest enemy of Iran. The tale of his suffering and Manijeh’s constancy has been quoted by several others. The tragedy of Bijan and Manijeh People from Armenia complain to Kay Khosrow, the Shah of Iran, that wild boars are invading their fields. Bijan fights the boars, forcing them back to their lairs. The day after, Gorgin, an Iranian knight who had accompanied Bijan on the quest, describes the beautiful gardens of Afrasiab to Bijan, tempting him to cross the border from Iran into the mythical land of Turan on the northern shores of the Caspian Sea. Turan is ruled over by the evil and egot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
