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Asama Virus
Asama virus (ASAV) is a single-stranded, enveloped, segmented negative-sense RNA hantavirus.Arai S, Ohdachi SD, Asakawa M, Kang HJ, Mocz G, Arikawa J, Okabe N, Yanagihara R.Molecular phylogeny of a newfound hantavirus in the Japanese shrew mole (Urotrichus talpoides).Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A.2008 Oct 21;105(42):16296–301. The hantavirus was isolated in Japan from Japanese shrew mole. Hantaviruses harbored by shrews are genetically closer to ASAV than to hantaviruses harbored by rodents. Host-switching may be evident in the future due to the viruses closeness to soricine shrew-borne hantaviruses. The detection of the ASAV was the first hantavirus found to be hosted by members of the family ''Talpidae'', which includes shrew moles. Thoughts on hantavirus evolutionary history has expanded due to the discovery of ASAV. Natural reservoir Asama virus was isolated through RNA extracts from lung tissues of the Japanese shrew mole (''Urotrichus talpoides''), captured in Japan between ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soricinae
The red-toothed shrews of the subfamily Soricinae are one of three living subfamilies of shrews, along with Crocidurinae (white-toothed shrews) and Myosoricinae (African white-toothed shrews). In addition, the family contains the extinct subfamilies Limnoecinae, Crocidosoricinae, Allosoricinae and Heterosoricinae. These species are typically found in North America, northern South America, Europe and northern Asia. The Tooth enamel, enamel of the tips of their teeth is reddish due to iron pigment. The iron deposits serve to harden the enamel and are concentrated in those parts of the teeth most subject to wear. Members of the genera ''Chimarrogale'', ''Nectogale'', ''Neomys'' (Nectogalini) and some members of ''Sorex'' (Soricini) are known as water shrews, due to having a semi-aquatic lifestyle. Species The list of species is: * Tribe Anourosoricini ** Genus ''Anourosorex'' (Asian mole shrews) *** Assam mole shrew, ''A. assamensis'' *** Giant mole shrew, ''A. schmidi'' *** Chines ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Talpidae
The family (biology), family Talpidae () includes the true Mole (animal), moles (as well as the shrew moles and desmans) who are small insectivore, insectivorous mammals of the order (biology), order Eulipotyphla. Talpids are all fossorial, digging animals to various degrees: moles are completely subterranean animals; shrew moles and shrew-like moles somewhat less so; and desmans, while basically aquatic, excavate dry sleeping chambers; whilst the quite unique star-nosed mole is equally adept in the water and underground. Talpids are found across the Northern Hemisphere of Eurasia and North America (although none are found in Ireland nor in the Americas south of northern Mexico), and range as far south as the Montane ecosystems, montane regions of tropical Southeast Asia. The first talpids evolved from shrew-like animals which adapted to digging late in the Eocene in Europe. ''Eotalpa, Eotalpa anglica'' is the oldest known mole, it was discovered in the Late Eocene deposits of Ham ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Urotrichus Talpoides
The Japanese shrew mole (''Urotrichus talpoides'') or is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is endemic to Japan and is found on Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Awaji Island, Shodo Island, Oki Islands, Tsushima Island, Goto Islands, Mishima Island (Yamaguchi Prefecture), and Awashima Island (Niigata Prefecture), but is absent from Hokkaido, which is north of Blakiston's Line. It is one of three Urotrichini and it is the only extant species in the genus ''Urotrichus''. It is common between sea level and approximately 2,000 m. Sometimes this species is called the greater Japanese shrew mole and another species, True's shrew mole, is called the "lesser Japanese shrew mole". The species is an omnivore, but their diet is largely composed of invertebrates and plants, which is why they tend to inhabit soil that is nutrient-rich. Heinrich Bürger, assistant of Philipp Franz von Siebold, collected specimens of ''Urotrichus talpoides'' near Dejima between 1824 and 1826, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Host-switch
In parasitology and epidemiology, a host switch (or host shift) is an evolutionary change of the host specificity of a parasite or pathogen. For example, the human immunodeficiency virus used to infect and circulate in non-human primates in West-central Africa, but switched to humans in the early 20th century. All symbiotic species, such as parasites, pathogens and mutualists, exhibit a certain degree of host specificity. This means that pathogens are highly adapted to infect a specific host—in terms of but not limited to receptor binding, countermeasures for host restriction factors, and transmission methods. They occur in the body (or on the body surface) of a single host species or—more often—on a limited set of host species. In the latter case, the suitable host species tend to be taxonomically related, sharing similar morphology and physiology. Speciation is the creation of a new and distinct species through evolution and so unique differences exist between all life o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hantavirus Hemorrhagic Fever With Renal Syndrome
Hantavirus hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is a hemorrhagic fever caused by hantaviruses. Symptoms usually occur 12–16 days after exposure to the virus and come in five distinct phases: febrile, hypotensive, low urine production (oliguric), high urine production (diuretic), and recovery. Early symptoms include headache, lower back pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, bloody stool, the appearance of spots on the skin, bleeding in the respiratory tract, and renal symptoms such as kidney swelling, excess protein in urine, and blood in urine. During the hypotensive phase, blood pressure lowers due to microvascular leakage. Renal failure then causes the diuretic phase, before recovering and increasing urine production as disease progression improves. The severity of symptoms varies depending on which virus causes HFRS and ranges from a mild illness to severe. The case fatality rate likewise varies by virus, at less than 1% up to 15%. HFRS is caused mainly by four viruses in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hantaviridae
''Hantaviridae'' is a family of viruses in the order ''Bunyavirales''. It is named for the Hantan River area in South Korea South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (ROK), is a country in East Asia. It constitutes the southern half of the Korea, Korean Peninsula and borders North Korea along the Korean Demilitarized Zone, with the Yellow Sea to the west and t ... where an early outbreak of one of its species was observed. Taxonomy The family contains the following subfamilies and genera (-''virinae'' denotes subfamily and -''virus'' denotes genus): * '' Actantavirinae'' ** '' Actinovirus'' ** '' Percilovirus'' * '' Agantavirinae'' ** '' Agnathovirus'' * '' Mammantavirinae'' ** '' Loanvirus'' ** '' Mobatvirus'' ** '' Orthohantavirus'' ** '' Thottimvirus'' * '' Repantavirinae'' ** '' Reptillovirus'' References {{Taxonbar, from=Q29001075 Virus families Bunyavirales ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
