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Asad Gorgani
Fakhruddin As'ad Gurgani, also spelled as Fakhraddin Asaad Gorgani (), was an 11th-century poet. He versified the tale of Vis and Rāmin, a story from the Arsacid (Parthian) period. The Iranian scholar Abdolhossein Zarrinkoub, however, disagrees with this view, and concludes that the story has its origins in the 5th-century Sasanian era. Besides Vis and Rāmin, he composed other forms of poetry. For example, some of his quatrains are recorded in the '' Nozhat al-Majales''. Biography Fakhruddin As'ad Gorgani was born in Jorjan or Gorgan (Persian: گرگان, also Romanized as Gorgān), the central city of Hyrcania in northern Iran, to a Persian family. Gorgani accompanied the Seljuk ruler Tughril I during his campaigns in Iran. When Tughril seized Isfahan from the Kakuyids in 1051, he appointed Amid Abu'l-Fath Muzaffar as its governor. Gorgani thereafter settled in Isfahan, where he established good relations with its governor, who took him under his protection. One day, whe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Persian Poetry
Persian literature comprises oral compositions and written texts in the Persian language and is one of the world's oldest literatures. It spans over two-and-a-half millennia. Its sources have been within Greater Iran including present-day Iran, Iraq, Afghanistan, Pakistan, the Caucasus, and Turkey, regions of Central Asia (such as Tajikistan), South Asia and the Balkans where the Persian language has historically been either the native or official language. For example, Rumi, one of the best-loved Persian poets, born in Balkh (in modern-day Afghanistan) or Wakhsh (in modern-day Tajikistan), wrote in Persian and lived in Konya (in modern-day Turkey), at that time the capital of the Seljuks in Anatolia. The Ghaznavids conquered large territories in Central and South Asia and adopted Persian as their court language. There is thus Persian literature from Iran, Mesopotamia, Azerbaijan, the wider Caucasus, Turkey, Pakistan, Bangladesh, India, Tajikistan and other parts of Centra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Kunduri
Amid al-Mulk Abu Nasr al-Kunduri (; 1024 – 29 November 1064), commonly known as al-Kunduri (; also spelled Kunduri), was a Persians, Persian bureaucrat, who served as the vizier of the first Seljuk Empire, Seljuk Sultan Tughril () and his nephew Alp Arslan (). Kunduri was born in Kondor, Razavi Khorasan, Kundur. He was recruited into the Seljuk bureaucracy as a secretary, at the suggestion of his teacher, Imam al-Muwaffaq al-Nishapuri. A natural schemer, Kunduri sought to exploit the power and influence over the Seljuk sultan. Kunduri's first scheme was during his early vizierate when Tughril had tasked him to arrange a marriage between Tughril and a princess from the family of the Khwarazmshah. Instead, Kunduri arranged the marriage for himself. Kunduri subsequently went to Tughril, where he absolved himself by shaving off his beard and castrating himself. While Tughril was preparing a march towards Mosul to fight the local contender al-Basasiri in 1057, Kunduri plotted to i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
11th-century Persian-language Poets
The 11th century is the period from 1001 (represented by the Roman numerals MI) through 1100 (MC) in accordance with the Julian calendar, and the 1st century of the 2nd millennium. In the history of Europe, this period is considered the early part of the High Middle Ages. There was, after a brief ascendancy, a sudden decline of Byzantine Empire, Byzantine power and a rise of Normans, Norman domination over much of Europe, along with the prominent role in Europe of notably influential popes. Christendom experienced a formal schism in this century which had been developing over previous centuries between the Latin West and Byzantine East, causing a split in its two largest denominations to this day: Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy. In Song dynasty China and the Islamic Golden Age, classical Islamic world, this century marked the high point for both classical History of science and technology in China, Chinese civilization, science and Technology of the Song dynasty, techn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People From Gorgan
{{unreferenced, date=May 2012 Following is a list of notable people from Gorgan, the capital of Golestan province in northern Iran. Notables from Gorgan Contemporary prominent figures * Mohammad Reza Lotfi, Musician. *Maryam Zandi, Photographer. Historical figures * Abd-al-Qaher Jorjani, Grammarian and literary theorist. * Mir Damad * Gorgani, Zayn al-Din Isma‘il ibn, royal physician * Gorgani, Abu Saeed, astronomer and mathematician * Gorgani, Rustam, physician * Masihi Gorgani, Avicenna's master * Ali ibn Mohammed al-Jurjani, encyclopedic writer and theologian * Fazlallah Astarabadi, 14th century Islamic mystic and founder of the Hurufi movement * Bibi Khatoon Astarabadi, a notable writer, satirist, and one of the pioneering figures of the women's movement of Iran Mayors after the Islamic Revolution, February 1979 onwards * Ebrahim Karimi (son of Abbass), holder of B.A. in Theology & Islamic Laws * Ebrahim Karimi (son of Abbass), appointed (selected by the Gorg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Penguin Classics
Penguin Classics is an imprint (trade name), imprint of Penguin Books under which classic works of literature are published in English language, English, Spanish language, Spanish, Portuguese language, Portuguese, and Korean language, Korean among other languages. Literary critics see books in this series as important members of the Western canon, though many titles are translated or of non-Western origin; indeed, the series for decades since its creation included only translations, until it eventually incorporated the Penguin English Library imprint in 1986. The first Penguin Classic was E. V. Rieu's translation of ''The Odyssey'', published in 1946, and Rieu went on to become general editor of the series. Rieu sought out literary novelists such as Robert Graves and Dorothy Sayers as translators, believing they would avoid "the archaic flavour and the foreign idiom that renders many existing translations repellent to modern taste". In 1964 Betty Radice and Robert Baldick succee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vis And Ramin
Vis, ViS, VIS, and other capitalizations may refer to: Places * Vis (island), a Croatian island in the Adriatic sea ** Vis (town), on the island of Vis * Vis (river), in south-central France * Vis, Bulgaria, a village in Haskovo Province * Visalia Municipal Airport (IATA and FAA:VIS), Visalia, California * Viš, a village in Montenegro Organizations * Vanguard International Semiconductor Corporation, an IC foundry in Taipei, Taiwan * Vasil Iliev Security (VIS and VIS-2), former front companies for a criminal organization in Bulgaria * Vatican Information Service, the official news service of the Vatican * VAZInterService, an automobile manufacturer in Russia * Vavoua International School, an international boarding school in Côte d'Ivoire * Victorian Institute of Sport, a government sporting institute in Victoria, Australia * Vienna Independent Shorts, an annual international film festival in Vienna, Austria * Vienna International School, a school for the children of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
UNESCO Collection Of Representative Works
The UNESCO Collection of Representative Works (or UNESCO Catalogue of Representative Works) was a UNESCO translation project that was active for about 57 years, from 1948 to about 2005. The project's purpose was to translate masterpieces of world literature, primarily from a lesser known language into a more international language such as English and French. As of 2000 there were about 1,300 works in the catalog representing over one hundred different literatures and representing around fifty Asian languages, twenty European languages as well as a number of literatures and languages from Africa and Oceania. It also sponsored the translation of some works between two less widespread languages, such as the translation of the Japanese writer Yasunari Kawabata into Indonesian (in addition to eight other languages), or the Urdu poet Faiz Ahmed Faiz into Hungarian (in addition to two other languages). UNESCO financed the translations and publications, but UNESCO itself was not a publ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tristan And Iseult
Tristan and Iseult, also known as Tristan and Isolde and other names, is a medieval chivalric romance told in numerous variations since the 12th century. Of disputed source, usually assumed to be primarily Celtic nations, Celtic, the tale is a tragedy about the illicit love between the Cornish people, Cornish knight Tristan and the Irish princess Iseult in the days of King Arthur. During Tristan's mission to escort Iseult from Ireland in the Middle Ages, Ireland to marry his uncle, King Mark of Cornwall, Tristan and Iseult ingest a love potion, instigating a forbidden love affair between them. The legend has had a lasting impact on Western culture. Its different versions exist in many European texts in various languages from the Middle Ages. The earliest instances take two primary forms: the so-called courtly and common branches, respectively associated with the 12th-century poems of Thomas of Britain and Béroul, the latter believed to reflect a now-lost original tale. A subse ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georgian Literature
Georgian literature ( ka, ქართული ლიტერატურა) refers to a long literary heritage, with some of the oldest surviving texts in Georgian language dating back to the 5th century. A golden age of Georgian literature flourished under the unified kingdom of David IV in the 11th century. However, political fragmentation and foreign invasions following a peak in literary tradition during the reign of Queen Tamar (1184-1213 CE) led to a cultural decline. History Early origins The earliest known Georgian literary work, ''The Martyrdom of the Holy Shushanik'' by Iakob Tsurtaveli, was composed between 476 and 484 CE. It belongs to the literary genre of hagiographies. The ninth and tenth centuries witnessed a flourishing of Christian theological literature, intertwined with a growing sense of Georgian national identity. This is exemplified in ''Praise and Glory to the Georgian Tongue'' by 10th-century monk Ioane-Zosime. Georgian Golden Age (11th-1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Visramiani
''Visramiani'' ( ka, ვისრამიანი) is a medieval Georgian version of the old Iranian love story '' Vīs and Rāmīn'', traditionally taken to have been rendered in prose by Sargis of Tmogvi, a 12th/13th-century statesman and writer active during the reign of Queen Tamar (r. 1184–1213). The Georgian version is a free prose translation which fully retains the spirit of the Persian original but differs from it in a number of minor details, at the same time rendering the translation a vivid national coloring. ''Visramiani'' proved to be a considerable influence on all further development of Georgian literature. The story is mentioned and admired virtually in all classical pieces of medieval and early modern Georgian literature, including in the poem by Shota Rustaveli which is a crowning merit of the medieval Georgian poetry. Notably, Vis and Ramin feature among 12 most famous pairs listed by Queen Tamar's official chronicle ''The Histories and Eulogies of Sover ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georgia (country)
Georgia is a country in the Caucasus region on the coast of the Black Sea. It is located at the intersection of Eastern Europe and West Asia, and is today generally regarded as part of Europe. It is bordered to the north and northeast by Russia, to the south by Turkey and Armenia, and to the southeast by Azerbaijan. Georgia covers an area of . It has a Demographics of Georgia (country), population of 3.7 million, of which over a third live in the capital and List of cities and towns in Georgia (country), largest city, Tbilisi. Ethnic Georgians, who are native to the region, constitute a majority of the country's population and are its titular nation. Georgia has been inhabited since prehistory, hosting the world's earliest known sites of winemaking, gold mining, and textiles. The Classical antiquity, classical era saw the emergence of several kingdoms, such as Colchis and Kingdom of Iberia, Iberia, that formed the nucleus of the modern Georgian state. In the early fourth centu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Encyclopaedia Iranica
An encyclopedia is a reference work or compendium providing summaries of knowledge, either general or special, in a particular field or discipline. Encyclopedias are divided into articles or entries that are arranged alphabetically by article name or by thematic categories, or else are hyperlinked and searchable. Encyclopedia entries are longer and more detailed than those in most dictionaries. Generally speaking, encyclopedia articles focus on ''factual information'' concerning the subject named in the article's title; this is unlike dictionary entries, which focus on linguistic information about words, such as their etymology, meaning, pronunciation, use, and grammatical forms.Béjoint, Henri (2000)''Modern Lexicography'', pp. 30–31. Oxford University Press. Encyclopedias have existed for around 2,000 years and have evolved considerably during that time as regards language (written in a major international or a vernacular language), size (few or many volumes), intent ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
