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Articulina
Articulina is an extant suborder of bryozoans in the order Cyclostomatida. Families in this suborder include:WoRMS (2015)Articulina.''In'': Bock, P. and Gordon, D. (2015). World List of Bryozoa. Accessed through World Register of Marine Species. *Crisiidae Crisiidae is a family of bryozoans in the suborder Articulina. References External links * * Crisiidaeat fossilworks Crisiidaeat WoRMS Cyclostomatida Bryozoan families {{bryozoan-stub ... * Crisuliporidae References Protostome suborders Cyclostomatida Extant Early Cretaceous first appearances {{bryozoan-stub ...
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Crisiidae
Crisiidae is a family of bryozoans in the suborder Articulina Articulina is an extant suborder of bryozoans in the order Cyclostomatida. Families in this suborder include:WoRMS (2015)Articulina.''In'': Bock, P. and Gordon, D. (2015). World List of Bryozoa. Accessed through World Register of Marine Species .... References External links * * Crisiidaeat fossilworks Crisiidaeat WoRMS Cyclostomatida Bryozoan families {{bryozoan-stub ...
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Crisia Denticulata
''Crisia'' is a genus of bryozoans in the family Crisiidae. Some species are known from the fossil record. Species * ''Crisia acropora'' * ''Crisia aculeata'' * ''Crisia acuminata'' * †''Crisia acuta'' * †''Crisia admota'' * †'' Crisia angusta'' * ''Crisia arctica'' * †''Crisia berardi'' * ''Crisia bifurcata'' * †'' Crisia borgii'' * †''Crisia boutini'' * ''Crisia brasiliensis'' * ''Crisia bucinaform'' * ''Crisia calyptostoma'' * '' Crisia carolina'' * '' Crisia conferta'' * '' Crisia constans'' * '' Crisia corallina'' * †'' Crisia corbini'' * '' Crisia crassipes'' * '' Crisia cribraria'' * '' Crisia crisidioides'' * '' Crisia cuneata'' * ''Crisia cylindrica'' * ''Crisia delicatula'' * '' Crisia denticulata'' * †''Crisia destefanii'' * ''Crisia eburnea'' * ''Crisia eburneodenticulata'' * ''Crisia elegans'' * †''Crisia elliptica'' * ''Crisia elongata'' * ''Crisia ficulnea'' * ''Crisia fistulosa'' * ''Crisia fragosa'' * ''Cris ...
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Cyclostomatida
Cyclostomatida, or cyclostomata (also known as cyclostomes), are an ancient order of stenolaemate bryozoans which first appeared in the Lower Ordovician. It consists of 7+ suborders, 59+ families, 373+ genera, and 666+ species. The cyclostome bryozoans were dominant in the Mesozoic; since that era, they have decreased. Currently, cyclostomes seldom constitute more than 20% of the species recorded in regional bryozoan faunas. Taxonomy Traditionally, cyclostomes have been divided into two groups according to the skeletal organization. In free-walled (or double-walled) cyclostomes, the exterior frontal walls of the zooids are uncalcified; autozooids have either a polygonal aperture bounded by vertical interior walls, or a subcircular aperture in species with kenozooids filling the spaces between the autozooids. By contrast, fixed-walled (or single-walled) cyclostomes have much of the exterior frontal wall calcified; autozooids normally have a subcircular aperture located a ...
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Protostome Suborders
Protostomia () is the clade of animals once thought to be characterized by the formation of the organism's mouth before its anus during embryonic development. This nature has since been discovered to be extremely variable among Protostomia's members, although the reverse is typically true of its sister clade, Deuterostomia. Well known examples of protostomes are arthropods, molluscs, annelids, flatworms and nematodes. They are also called schizocoelomates since schizocoely typically occurs in them. Together with the Deuterostomia and Xenacoelomorpha, these form the clade Bilateria, animals with bilateral symmetry, anteroposterior axis and three germ layers. Protostomy In animals at least as complex as earthworms, the first phase in gut development involves the embryo forming a dent on one side (the blastopore) which deepens to become its digestive tube (the archenteron). In the sister-clade, the deuterostomes (), the original dent becomes the anus while the gut eventually t ...
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