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Arnhem Bridge
John Frost Bridge (''John Frostbrug'' in Dutch language, Dutch) is the road bridge over the Lower Rhine at Arnhem, in the Netherlands. The bridge was inaugurated after the end of World War II, and is named after Major-General (United Kingdom), Major-General John Dutton Frost (1912–1993), who commanded the British forces that reached and temporarily defended the pre-existing ''Rijnbrug'' ("Rhine Bridge") at the same location during the Battle of Arnhem in September 1944. This was the bridge referenced in the 1977 Anglo-American film A Bridge Too Far (film), ''A Bridge Too Far'', although the IJssel bridge in Deventer was used for the actual shooting of the film. History Rijnbrug There had been a floating bridge at Arnhem since 1603 but as the city grew in the early 20th century a permanent link across the Lower Rhine was needed. The Rijnbrug (literally Rhine bridge) was constructed between 1932 and 1935, but was destroyed by Dutch engineers in 1940 to slow the German advance ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lower Rhine
Lower Rhine (, ; kilometres 660 to 1,033 of the Rhine) is the section of the Rhine between Bonn in Germany and the North Sea at Hook of Holland in the Netherlands, including the '' Nederrijn'' () within the Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta; alternatively, ''Lower Rhine'' may also refer to just the part upstream of Pannerdens Kop ( km 660–865.5), excluding the ''Nederrijn''. It is the last of the four sections of the Rhine between Lake Constance and the North Sea (the others being the High Rhine, Upper Rhine and Middle Rhine). Geography German section Downstream of Bonn, the river meanders through the Lower Rhine Bay (), passing through the city of Cologne (), and continues through the Lower Rhine Plain (). The German term ''Niederrhein'' refers both to the German section of the Lower Rhine as well as to parts of the surrounding Lower Rhine region. Netherlands section Almost immediately after entering the Netherlands, the Rhine splits into numerous branches. The main branch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
B-26 Marauder
The Martin B-26 Marauder is an American twin-engined medium bomber that saw extensive service during World War II. The B-26 was built at two locations: Baltimore, Maryland, and Omaha, Nebraska, by the Glenn L. Martin Company. First used in the Asiatic-Pacific Theater, Pacific Theater of World War II in early 1942, it was also used in the Mediterranean Theater of Operations, Mediterranean Theater and in Western Front (World War II), Western Europe. After entering service with the United States Army aviation units, the Fixed-wing aircraft, aircraft quickly received the reputation of a ":en:wikt:widow-maker, widowmaker" due to the early models' high accident rate during takeoffs and landings. This was because the Marauder had to be flown at precise airspeeds, particularly on final runway approach or when one engine was out. The unusually high 150 mph (241 km/h) speed on short final runway approach was intimidating to many pilots who were used to much slower approach sp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
After The Battle
''After the Battle'' was a military history magazine published quarterly in the United Kingdom by Battle of Britain International Limited between 1973 and 2022. History and profile ''After the Battle'' was first published in 1973, and appeared on 15 February, May, August and November each year. The editor-in-chief since 1973 was Winston Ramsey, assisted by his co-author Gail Parker Ramsey, and editor Karel Margry. The magazine dealt with World War II in a "then and now format". Articles were illustrated by historical photographs matched with a modern-day photograph of the identical scene to show how much (or how little) things have changed. Most issues featured a major article on a specific subject, with several smaller articles. All areas of the world were written about. There were also occasional features on related subjects such as war films, vehicle preservation, war memorials. Pen and Sword Books Pen and Sword Books, also stylised as Pen & Sword, is a British publ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stanisław Sosabowski
Stanisław Franciszek Sosabowski (; 8 May 1892 – 25 September 1967) was a Polish general in World War II. He fought in the Polish Campaign of 1939 and at the Battle of Arnhem (Netherlands), as a part of Operation Market Garden, in 1944 as commander of the Polish 1st Independent Parachute Brigade. Early military career Early years and studies Stanisław Sosabowski was born on 8 May 1892 in Ivano-Frankivsk, Stanislau (), in what was then Austria-Hungary and is now Ivano-Frankivsk in western Ukraine. His father was a railway worker. Sosabowski graduated from a local gymnasium (school), gymnasium and in 1910 he was accepted as a student of the faculty of economy of the Jagiellonian University in Kraków. However, the death of his father and the poor financial situation of his family forced him to abandon his studies and return to Stanislau. There he became a member of Drużyny Strzeleckie, a semi-clandestine Polish national paramilitary organisation. He was soon promoted ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andrei Sakharov
Andrei Dmitrievich Sakharov (; 21 May 192114 December 1989) was a Soviet Physics, physicist and a List of Nobel Peace Prize laureates, Nobel Peace Prize laureate, which he was awarded in 1975 for emphasizing human rights around the world. Although he spent his career in physics in the Soviet atomic bomb project, Soviet program of nuclear weapons, overseeing the development of thermonuclear weapons, Sakharov also did fundamental work in understanding particle physics, magnetism, and physical cosmology. Sakharov is mostly known for his political activism for Individual and group rights, individual freedom, Human rights in Russia, human rights, civil liberties and reforms in the Soviet Union, for which he was deemed a Soviet dissident, dissident and faced persecution from the Soviet establishment. In his memory, the Sakharov Prize was established and is awarded annually by the European Parliament for people and organizations dedicated to human rights and freedoms. Biography F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nelson Mandela
Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela ( , ; born Rolihlahla Mandela; 18 July 1918 – 5 December 2013) was a South African Internal resistance to apartheid, anti-apartheid activist and politician who served as the first president of South Africa from 1994 to 1999. He was the country's first black head of state and the first elected in a Universal suffrage, fully representative democratic election. Presidency of Nelson Mandela, His government focused on dismantling the legacy of apartheid by fostering racial Conflict resolution, reconciliation. Ideologically an African nationalist and African socialism, socialist, he served as the president of the African National Congress (ANC) party from 1991 to 1997. A Xhosa people, Xhosa, Mandela was born into the Thembu people, Thembu royal family in Mvezo, South Africa. He studied law at the University of Fort Hare and the University of Witwatersrand before working as a lawyer in Johannesburg. There he became involved in anti-colonial and Afr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liberation Of Europe
The end of World War II in Europe occurred in May 1945. Following the suicide of Adolf Hitler on 30 April, leadership of Nazi Germany passed to Grand Admiral Karl Dönitz and the Flensburg Government. Soviet troops conquered Berlin on 2 May, and a number of German military forces surrendered over the next few days. On 8 May, Field Marshal Wilhelm Keitel signed the German Instrument of Surrender, an unconditional surrender to the Allies, in Karlshorst, Berlin. This is celebrated as Victory in Europe Day, while in Russia 9 May is celebrated as Victory Day. Some fighting continued after the German surrender. Some battles continued on the Eastern Front such as the Courland Pocket in western Latvia surrendering on 10 May, and the Prague offensive in Czechoslovakia ending on 11 May. On 25 May 1945, the Battle of Odžak ended in a Yugoslav Partisan victory. Following the conclusion in the European theatre, the war continued in the Pacific theatre. Final events before the end of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World Liberty Concert
The World Liberty Concert was a concert that took place on 8 May 1995 next to the John Frost Bridge in Arnhem in the Netherlands. The concert was held in honor of the fiftieth anniversary of the liberation of Europe and is the largest memorial concert ever held in the Netherlands and was thought of by Arno Geul. Preparations lasted for about a year. Performances were provided by Alan Parsons (with Chris Thompson and Mick Mullins), Art Garfunkel, Joe Cocker, Cyndi Lauper, Wet Wet Wet, Candy Dulfer, UB40 and René Froger. Also present was the Metropole Orkest consisting of 80 men and the Gelders Opera and Operetta Gezelschap (GOOG) choir. The event-specific configuration of The Alan Parsons Project, which had been a studio group only, was one of the first live performances of the band's material, albeit without cofounder Eric Woolfson (who had split from Parsons before '' Try Anything Once'' and the accompanying tour captured on '' Alan Parsons Live''); it was performed un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bailey Bridge
A Bailey bridge is a type of portable, Prefabrication, pre-fabricated, Truss Bridge, truss bridge. It was developed in 1940–1941 by the British Empire in World War II, British for military use during the World War II, Second World War and saw extensive use by British, Canadian and American Military engineering, military engineering units. A Bailey bridge has the advantages of requiring no special tools or heavy equipment to assemble. The wood and steel bridge elements were small and light enough to be carried in trucks and lifted into place by hand, without the use of a crane. These bridges were strong enough to carry tanks. Bailey bridges continue to be used extensively in civil engineering construction projects and to provide temporary crossings for pedestrian and vehicle traffic. Design The success of the Bailey bridge was due to the simplicity of the fabrication and assembly of its modular components, combined with the ability to erect and deploy sections with a minimum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liberation Of Arnhem
Operation Anger (sometimes known as Operation Quick Anger) was a military operation to seize the city of Arnhem in April 1945, during the closing stages of the Second World War. It is also known as the Second Battle of Arnhem or the Liberation of Arnhem. The operation was part of the Canadian First Army's liberation of the Netherlands and was led by the 49th British Infantry Division, supported by armour of the 5th Canadian Armoured Division, Royal Air Force air strikes and boats of the Royal Navy. The Western Allies first tried to liberate Arnhem in September 1944 during Operation Market Garden. Poor planning, the unexpected presence of German armoured units and a delayed advance by ground forces resulted in the British 1st Airborne Division being defeated and a new front stabilising south of the city. Fresh planning to take Arnhem began in the new year as the Canadian First Army sought ways to link up its units advancing into the Netherlands. However it was not until Apri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
