|
Arbella
''Arbella'' or ''Arabella'' was the flagship of the Winthrop Fleet on which Governor John Winthrop, other members of the Company (including William Gager), and Puritan emigrants transported themselves and the Charter of the Massachusetts Bay Company from England to Salem between April 8 and June 12, 1630, thereby giving legal birth to the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. John Winthrop is reputed to have given the famous " A Model of Christian Charity" sermon aboard the ship. Also on board was Anne Bradstreet, the first European female poet to be published from the New World, and her family. The ship was originally called ''Eagle'', but her name was changed in honor of Lady Arbella Johnson, a member of Winthrop's company, as was her husband Isaac. Lady Arbella was the daughter of Thomas Clinton, 3rd Earl of Lincoln. Notable passengers * Captain John Underhill, militia leader, author of an account of the Pequot War * Sir Richard Saltonstall, first settler of Watertown, Massach ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lady Arbella Johnson
Lady Arbella Johnson (née Clinton; 3 August 1597 – 30 August 1630) was one of the early settlers of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. She was the daughter of Thomas Clinton, 3rd Earl of Lincoln and his wife Elizabeth. William Allen suggests that she was probably named after Lady Arbella Stuart. On April 15, 1623, she married Rev. Isaac Johnson. In 1630, they both sailed to Massachusetts on a ship that was named the ''Arbella'' after her. She died soon after arriving, while her husband died a month later. She was described as "lovely in both character and person". Cotton Mather says in his ''Magnalia Christi Americana'' that Johnson, "left an earthly paradise in the family of an earldom, to encounter the sorrows of a wilderness, for the entertainments of a pure worship in the house of God; and then immediately left that wilderness for the heavenly paradise, whereto the compassionate Jesus, of whom she was a follower, called her." On the other hand, William Hubbard said of her ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Winthrop Fleet
The Winthrop Fleet was a group of 11 ships led by John Winthrop out of a total of 17funded by the Massachusetts Bay Company which together carried between 700 and 1,000 Puritans plus livestock and provisions from England to New England over the summer of 1630, during the first period of the Great Migration. Motivation The Puritan population in England had been growing for several years leading up to this time. They disagreed with the practices of the Church of England, whose rituals they viewed as superstitions. An associated political movement attempted to modify religious practice in England to conform to their views, and King James I wished to suppress this growing movement. Nevertheless, the Puritans eventually gained a majority in Parliament. James' son Charles came into direct conflict with Parliament, and viewed them as a threat to his authority. He temporarily dissolved Parliament in 1626, and again the next year, before dissolving it permanently in March 1629. The Ki ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Winthrop
John Winthrop (January 12, 1588 – March 26, 1649) was an English Puritan lawyer and a leading figure in the founding of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, the second major settlement in New England following Plymouth Colony. Winthrop led the first large wave of colonists from England in 1630 and served as governor for 12 of the colony's first 20 years. His writings and vision of the colony as a Puritan " city upon a hill" dominated New England colonial development, influencing the governments and religions of neighboring colonies in addition to those of Massachusetts. Winthrop was born into a wealthy land-owning and merchant family. He trained in the law and became Lord of the Manor at Groton in Suffolk, England. He was not involved in founding the Massachusetts Bay Company in 1628, but he became involved in 1629 when anti-Puritan King Charles I began a crackdown on Nonconformist religious thought. In October 1629, he was elected governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
A Model Of Christian Charity
"A Model of Christian Charity" is a sermon of disputed authorship, historically attributed to Puritans, Puritan leader John Winthrop and possibly written by John Wilson (Puritan minister), John Wilson or George Phillips (Watertown), George Phillips. It is also known as "City upon a Hill" and denotes the notion of American exceptionalism. The sermon was preserved by the New-York Historical Society, but it was not published until the 1830s. Provenance Historically, "A Model of Christian Charity" has been attributed to Puritans, Puritan leader John Winthrop. Francis Bayard Winthrop donated a manuscript titled "A Modell of Christian Charity" to the New-York Historical Society in 1809. According to a headnote written by Bayard Winthrop, the text was written "[o]n Boarde the Arrabella", "On the Attlantick ! Ocean!", and "[b]y the Honrble John Winthrop. Esqr." However, the text includes a note from its scrivener describing the sermon as having been given "heere in England", rather than ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isaac Johnson (colonist)
The Reverend Isaac Johnson (1601 – 30 September 1630), a 17th-century British colonization of the Americas, English clergyman, was one of the Puritan List of national founders, founders of Massachusetts and the Massachusetts Bay Colony, colony's Magistrate, First Magistrate. Family background Baptized at St John's Church, Stamford, in Lincolnshire, the eldest son of Abraham Johnson, he grew up at Fineshade Abbey, Fineshade, near North Luffenham in Rutland. His grandfather was Archdeacon Robert Johnson (archdeacon of Leicester), Robert Johnson, who founded Oakham School, Oakham and Uppingham Schools in Rutland. After being educated at Emmanuel College, Cambridge (matriculating 1614, graduating B.A. 1617 and proceeding MA (Cantab), M.A. 1621) where a relative, Laurence Chaderton, was the first List of Masters of Emmanuel College, Cambridge, Master, he was admitted to Gray's Inn in 1620. Johnson was then, on 27 May 1621, Holy orders, ordained a priest in the Church of England by Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pioneer Village (Salem, Massachusetts)
Pioneer Village, also known as Salem 1630: Pioneer Village, is a living history museum recreating the city of Salem as it was in the 17th century. Opened in June 1930, it was the first museum of its kind in the United States. The village was created for visitors to experience the lives of early English settlers instead of reading about them. Visitors can see a blacksmith’s shop, a sawmill, a saltworks, gardens, fireplaces, a dugout, a wigwam, and thatched roof cottages. The featured attraction upon opening was the Governor’s House, a “fayre house” representing what the house might have looked like after it had been disassembled in Cape Ann, brought over to Salem, and rebuilt for Governor John Endicott in 1628. Dimensional details for the replica had been worked out by George Francis Dow. Pioneer Village is currently operated by the City of Salem's Witch House, a 17th-century home once owned by witchcraft trials judge, Jonathan Corwin. Site history Joseph Everett ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Phillips (Watertown)
George Phillips (c. 1593 – July 1, 1644) was an English-born Puritan minister who led, along with Richard Saltonstall, a group of English settlers up the Charles River to settle in what is now Watertown, Massachusetts, in 1630. A Puritan who was part of the Great Migration from England to New England, Phillips was a contemporary of, and often shared differing views with, John Winthrop. He established the first Congregational Church in Watertown and was one of the early influencers of the Congregational Church in North America. His descendants number in the thousands and are well represented in American history in the clergy, local and national politics, business, and social justice arenas. Early life Phillips was born in Raynham, Norfolk. He earned a B.A. from Gonville and Caius College of the University of Cambridge in 1613, and subsequently earned an M.A. degree in 1617. There he was a classmate of John Allin. By 1630 Phillips was the village vicar of Boxted, Ess ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Richard Saltonstall
Sir Richard Saltonstall (baptised, 4 April 1586 – October 1661) led a group of English settlers up the Charles River to settle in what is now Watertown, Massachusetts in 1630. He was a nephew of the Lord Mayor of London Richard Saltonstall (1517–1600), and was admitted pensioner at Clare College, Cambridge, in 1603. Before leaving England for North America, he served as a Justice of the Peace for the West Riding of Yorkshire and was Lord of the Manor of Ledsham, which he got from the Harebreds and later sold to the Earl of Strafford. Family Sir Richard Saltonstall was the eldest of the eleven children of Samuel Saltonstall and Anne, born Ramsden. Sir Richard married his first wife, Grace Kaye, around 1609; their children were named Richard, Rosamond, Grace, Robert, Samuel, and Henry. After Grace died in 1625, Sir Richard married Lady Elizabeth West, with whom he had daughter Anne and son John. Although Saltonstall remained in Massachusetts only briefly, his de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomas Clinton, 3rd Earl Of Lincoln
Thomas Clinton, 3rd Earl of Lincoln (1568 – 15 January 1619), was an English peer, styled Lord Clinton from 1585 to 1616. Life Educated at Oxford ( MA 1588), Clinton represented the constituencies of Lincolnshire in 1601 and Great Grimsby from 1604 to 1610. Lord Clinton was a member of the Lower House, serving as an English representative in the Anglo-Scottish Union Commission established in June 1604, before entering the House of Lords on 14 February 1610 by writ of acceleration as Baron Clinton. Family The eldest son of Henry Clinton, 2nd Earl of Lincoln, KB and Lady Catherine Hastings, daughter of the 2nd Earl of Huntingdon and Hon Catherine Pole, he succeeded his father in 1616 to the family titles. Clinton married 1584 Elizabeth Knyvett (died 1632), younger daughter and co-heiress of Sir Henry Knyvett, MP, and had: * Theophilus Clinton, 4th Earl of Lincoln, 12th Baron Clinton (1599 – London, 21 May 1667), married first (by 1619) the Hon. Bridget Fiennes, an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomas Dudley
Thomas Dudley (12 October 157631 July 1653) was a New England colonial magistrate who served several terms as governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. Dudley was the chief founder of Newtowne, later Cambridge, Massachusetts, and built the town's first home. He provided land and funds to establish the Roxbury Latin School and signed Harvard College's new charter during his 1650 term as governor. Dudley was a devout Puritan who opposed religious views not conforming with his. In this, he was more rigid than other early Massachusetts leaders like John Winthrop, but less confrontational than John Endecott. The son of a military man who died when he was young, Dudley saw military service himself during the French Wars of Religion, and then acquired some legal training before entering the service of his likely kinsman, the Earl of Lincoln. Along with other Puritans in Lincoln's circle, Dudley helped establish the Massachusetts Bay Colony, sailing with Winthrop in 1630. Altho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anne Bradstreet
Anne Bradstreet (née Dudley; March 8, 1612 – September 16, 1672) was among the most prominent of early English poets of North America and the first writer in England's North American colonies to be published. She is the first Puritan figure in American literature and notable for her large corpus of poetry, as well as personal writings published posthumously. Born to a wealthy Puritan family in Northampton, England, Bradstreet was a well-read scholar especially affected by the works of Du Bartas. She was married at sixteen, and her parents and young family migrated at the time of the founding of Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1630. A mother of eight children and the wife and daughter of public officials in New England, Bradstreet wrote poetry in addition to her other duties. Her early works are broadly considered derivative, but her later writings developed into her unique style of poetry which centers on her role as a mother, her struggles with the sufferings of life, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Captain John Underhill
John Underhill (c. 1608/09 – 21 July 1672) was an early English settler and soldier in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, the Province of New Hampshire, where he also served as governor; the New Haven Colony, New Netherland, and later the Province of New York, settling on Long Island. Hired to train militia in New England, he is most noted for leading colonial militia in the Pequot War (1636–1637) and Kieft's War which the colonists mounted against two different groups of Native Americans. He also published an account of the Pequot War. Biography Early life, military, and marriage John Underhill was one of three children of John Edward Underhill, John Underhill (1574–1608) and Leonora Honor Pawley. His great-grandfather Sir Hugh Underhill was Wardrobe (government), Keeper of the Wardrobe for Elizabeth I of England, Queen Elizabeth at Greenwich, and his grandfather Thomas Underhill held the same position at Kenilworth Castle for Elizabeth's favorite, Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
