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Arakh
Eleazar ben Arach was one of the tannaim of the second generation (1st century). Little is known about him. Teachings Described as first among the disciples of Yohanan ben Zakkai, it was said, "If all the sages of Israel were placed in one scale, and Eleazar ben Arach in the other, he would outweigh them all".''Pirkei Avot'' 2:8; ''Avot of Rabbi Natan'' 14:4 Yochanan described him as a "gushing stream" or "ever-flowing spring". Alon Goshen-Gottstein and Bertrand Badie wrote that this metaphor of rabbinical sage as spring was central to Eleazar's role in Talmud. They continue by noting he represented a symbol of a particular kind of rabbinical learning, one that not only repeated existing wisdom from the scripture but also innovated, providing new lessons for new circumstance as a spring or a well provides fresh (new) water. Rabbi Eleazar ben Arach is known for saying: "If there was no Torah, there would be no decorum (''derekh eretz'')." Tomb Crusader-period Jewish source ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tannaim
''Tannaim'' ( Amoraic Hebrew: תנאים "repeaters", "teachers", singular ''tanna'' , borrowed from Aramaic) were the rabbinic sages whose views are recorded in the Mishnah, from approximately 10–220 CE. The period of the Tannaim, also referred to as the Mishnaic period, lasted about 210 years. It came after the period of the Zugot "Pairs" and was immediately followed by the period of the Amoraim "Interpreters". The root ''tanna'' () is the Aramaic equivalent of the Hebrew root ''shanah'' (), which also is the root word of ''Mishnah''. The verb ''shanah'' means "to repeat hat one was taught and is used to mean "to learn". The Mishnaic period is commonly divided into five periods according to generations. There are approximately 120 known Tannaim. The Tannaim lived in several areas of the Land of Israel. The spiritual center of Judaism at that time was Jerusalem, but after the destruction of the city and the Second Temple, Yohanan ben Zakkai and his students founded a n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Simeon Ben Gamliel
Simeon ben Gamliel (I) ( or רשב"ג הראשון; c. 10 BCE – 70 CE) was a '' Tanna'' (sage) and leader of the Jewish people. He served as nasi of the Great Sanhedrin at Jerusalem during the outbreak of the First Jewish–Roman War, succeeding his father in the same office after his father's death in 50 CE and just before the destruction of the Second Temple. Family Rabban Shimon was the great-grandson of Hillel the Elder. He succeeded his father, Rabban Gamliel the Elder, as the Nasi (President) of the Sanhedrin. His son was Rabban Gamliel of Yavneh. His daughter, Imma Shalom, married Rabbi Eliezer ben Hurcanus, one of the greatest students of Rabban Yochanan ben Zakkai (Babylonian Talmud, Bava Metzia 59b). His name, ''Shimon'', was the same as that of his grandfather, Shimon ben Hillel, and his grandson, Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel (the second). In rabbinic literature, he is referred to as "Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel the Elder" or "Rashbag the Martyr" to distingu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mishnah Rabbis
''Tannaim'' ( Amoraic Hebrew: תנאים "repeaters", "teachers", singular ''tanna'' , borrowed from Aramaic) were the rabbinic sages whose views are recorded in the Mishnah, from approximately 10–220 CE. The period of the Tannaim, also referred to as the Mishnaic period, lasted about 210 years. It came after the period of the Zugot "Pairs" and was immediately followed by the period of the Amoraim "Interpreters". The root ''tanna'' () is the Aramaic equivalent of the Hebrew root ''shanah'' (), which also is the root word of ''Mishnah''. The verb ''shanah'' means "to repeat hat one was taught and is used to mean "to learn". The Mishnaic period is commonly divided into five periods according to generations. There are approximately 120 known Tannaim. The Tannaim lived in several areas of the Land of Israel. The spiritual center of Judaism at that time was Jerusalem, but after the destruction of the city and the Second Temple, Yohanan ben Zakkai and his students founded a new ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Samuel Mendelsohn
Samuel Mendelsohn (1850–1922) was a Lithuanian Jewish rabbi and scholar born near Kaunas, Lithuania. Biography He was educated at the rabbinical college in Vilnius, at the rabbinic school in Berlin, and at Maimonides College, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. In 1883 he received the honorary degree of doctor of law from the University of North Carolina. Mendelsohn served as rabbi of the Congregation Beth-El, Norfolk, Virginia from 1873 to 1876; he then served as rabbi of the Congregation Temple of Israel, in Wilmington, North Carolina, until 1922. Mendelsohn published ''The Criminal Jurisprudence of the Ancient Hebrews'' (Baltimore, 1891), in addition to several pamphlets and a large number of articles on subjects of general Jewish interest and Talmudical research, in ''Ha-Ẓofeh,'' the ''Jewish Messenger,'' ''Jewish Record,'' ''South Atlantic Magazine,'' ''American Israelite,'' and ''Revue des Etudes Juives.'' Dr. Mendelsohn was also a collaborator in the completion of the Jewish ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Solomon Schechter
Solomon Schechter (; 7 December 1847 – 19 November 1915) was a Moldavian-born British-American rabbi, academic scholar and educator, most famous for his roles as founder and President of the United Synagogue of America, President of the Jewish Theological Seminary of America, and architect of American Conservative Judaism. He is an important figure in Jewish studies and Jewish history, particularly his study of the Cairo Geniza. Early life He was born in Focşani, Moldavia (now Romania), to Rabbi Yitzchok Hakohen, a shochet ("ritual slaughterer") and member of Chabad hasidim. He was named after its founder, Shneur Zalman of Liadi. Schechter received his early education from his father. Reportedly, he learned to read Hebrew by age 3, and by 5 mastered Chumash. He went to a yeshiva in Piatra Neamț at age 10 and at age thirteen studied with one of the major Talmudic scholars, Rabbi Joseph Saul Nathanson of Lemberg. In his 20s, he went to the Rabbinical College in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Herschell Filipowski
Herschell E. Filipowski (1816 – 12 June 1872), also known as Tzvi Hirsh Filipowski (, ), was a Lithuanian-born British Jewish Hebraist, editor, mathematician, linguist and actuary. Biography Early life Herschell Filipowski was born in the town of Virbalen, Russian Empire (today Virbalis, Lithuania) in 1816. He showed great aptitude for the study of mathematics and languages at an early age, and was fortunate in finding a Polish schoolmaster who secretly aided him in acquiring the rudiments of a modern education. Besides his native Yiddish, Filipowski became conversant in Polish, Russian, Latin, Hebrew, Arabic, English, Spanish, French, German, and Chinese, and at age 15 he published ''An Almanac for One Hundred Years'' in both Polish and Russian. In 1839 he emigrated to England, and received an appointment as a Teacher of Hebrew and Oriental languages at the Jews' College and the West Metropolitan Jewish School. His first published work was ''Mo'ed Mo'adim'' o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abraham Zacuto
Abraham Zacuto (, ; 12 August 1452 – ) was a Sephardic Jewish astronomer, astrologer, mathematician, rabbi and historian. Born in Castile, he served as Royal Astronomer to King John II of Portugal before fleeing to Tunis. His astrolabe of copper, astronomical tables, and maritime charts played an important role in the Spanish and Portuguese voyages of discovery, being used by both Vasco Da Gama and Christopher Columbus. Life Zacuto was born in Salamanca, Kingdom of Castile and León, Castile in 1452. He may have studied and taught astronomy at the University of Salamanca. He later taught astronomy at the universities of Zaragoza and then Carthage. He was well versed in Halakha, Jewish Law, and was the rabbi of his community. Zacuto was actually Abraham Zacuto III, his ancestor the first was the author of the ''Sepher ha-Mishpotim'' in 1311, which today is in the library of the Jewish Theological Seminary of America, Jewish Theological Seminary in New York. He writes that his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isaac Hirsch Weiss
Isaac (Isaak) Hirsch Weiss, also Eisik Hirsch Weiss () (9 February 1815 – 1 June 1905), was an Jews of Austria, Austrian Talmudist and historian of literature born at Velké Meziříčí, Groß Meseritsch, Habsburg Moravia. After having received elementary instruction in Hebrew and Talmud in various ''cheder, chadorim'' of his native town, he entered, at the age of eight, the ''yeshiva'' of Moses Aaron Tichler (founded at Velké Meziříčí in 1822), where he studied Talmud for 5 years. He then studied at home under a tutor, and later in the ''yeshiva'' of Třebíč, Trebitsch, Moravia, under Ḥayyim Joseph Pollak, and in that of Eisenstadt, Kingdom of Hungary, Hungary under Isaac Moses Perles, returning to his home town in 1837. Early abilities From an early age, Weiss began to study Talmud and rabbinics. He felt a keen desire for the pursuit of the secular sciences also, of which he was deprived in his youth, although he had been instructed in German by his private tutor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jehiel Ben Solomon Heilprin
Jehiel ben Solomon Heilprin (; c. 1660 – c. 1746) was a Lithuanian rabbi, kabalist, and chronicler. Biography He was a descendant of Solomon Luria, and traced his genealogy back through Rashi to the tanna Johanan HaSandlar. He was rabbi of Hlusk, Minsk Voivodeship until 1711, when he was called to the rabbinate of Minsk, where he officiated also as head of the yeshivah until his death. Heilprin was one of the most eminent Talmudists of his time. He was opposed to casuistry, and on this account succeeded in grouping around him a great number of liberal-minded pupils. For a long time he had to sustain a hard struggle with Aryeh Leib ben Asher Gunzberg, who, while still a young man, had founded a yeshivah at Minsk, which at first was very flourishing. Aryeh Leib attacked Heilprin's method of teaching, and the antagonism between them spread to their pupils. Later, Aryeh Leib, being obliged to assist his father in the district rabbinate, neglected his yeshivah, which was ultim ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jacob Hamburger
Jacob Hamburger (November 10, 1826 – October 23, 1911) was a German rabbi and author. Biography Hamburger was born at Loslau, Silesia, on November 10, 1826. He received his early education in Ratibor, and then attended the yeshivot of Hotzenplotz, Presburg, and Nikolsburg, and the University of Breslau. In 1852, he was called as rabbi to Neustadt bei Pinne, and in 1859 went to Mecklenburg-Strelitz as "Landesrabbiner". In addition to various articles and sermons, he published "''Geist der Hagada, Sammlung Hagadischer Aussprüche aus den Talmudim und Midraschim''," Leipzig, 1859. This work, published by the Institut zur Förderung der Israelitischen Literatur, was intended as the first of a series, but was never continued. It may be regarded as the forerunner of the Jewish encyclopedia which he began to publish in 1862, under the title "''Realencyclopädie des Judenthums''," of which three volumes appeared. The first part contains Biblical articles, the second Talmudic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zecharias Frankel
Zecharias Frankel (30 September 1801 – 13 February 1875) was a Bohemian-German rabbi and a historian who studied the historical development of Judaism. He was born in Prague and died in Breslau. He was the founder and the most eminent member of the school of positive-historical Judaism, which advocates freedom of research while upholding the authority of traditional Jewish belief and practice. This school of thought was the intellectual progenitor of Conservative Judaism. Through his father, he was a descendant of the Vienna exiles of 1670 and of the famous rabbinical Spira family; on his mother's side he descended from the Fischel family, which has given the community of Prague a number of distinguished Talmudists. He received his early Jewish education at the yeshiva of Bezalel Ronsburg (Daniel Rosenbaum). In 1825 he went to Budapest, where he prepared himself for the university, from which he graduated in 1831. In the following year he was appointed district rabbi (''Kreisr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jakob Brüll
Jakob may refer to: People * Jakob (given name), including a list of people with the name * Jakob (surname), including a list of people with the name Other * Jakob (band), a New Zealand band, and the title of their 1999 EP * Max Jakob Memorial Award, annual award to scholars in the field of heat transfer * Ohel Jakob synagogue (Munich) Fictional characters * Jakob, a character from the video game ''Fire Emblem Fates'' See also * Jacob (other) Jacob is an important figure in Abrahamic religions. Jacob may also refer to: People * Jacob (name), a male given name and surname, including a list of variants of the name ** Jacob (Book of Mormon prophet) ** Jacob (surname), including a list ... * St. Jacob (other) {{disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
