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Arachis Villosulicarpa
''Arachis villosulicarpa'' is a perennial peanut species, which is cultivated by indigenous people in Mato Grosso, a state of Brazil. Its wild progenitor is thought to be '' Arachis pietrarellii''. Although it is related to the common peanut, ''Arachis hypogaea'', it was separately domesticated: ''A. villosulicarpa'' is diploid, whereas ''A. hypogaea'' is tetraploid. It is one of several species that might be used as gene source for plant breeding Plant breeding is the science of changing the traits of plants in order to produce desired characteristics. It is used to improve the quality of plant products for use by humans and animals. The goals of plant breeding are to produce crop varie ... to improve the important cultivated peanut ''Arachis hypogaea''. References External linksInternational Legume Database & Information Service: ''Arachis villosulicarpa''*USDA Plants Profile: ''Arachis villosulicarpa''EMBRAPA: ''Arachis villosulicarpa'' villosulicarpa Flora of Bra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frederico Carlos Hoehne
Frederico Carlos Hoehne (1 February 1882, Juiz de Fora – 16 March 1959) was a Brazilian botanist. In 1907 he was appointed ''jardineiro-chefe'' (head gardener) at the National Museum in Rio de Janeiro, soon afterwards working on botanical assignments in the nation's interior, such as: a survey mission arranged by the Rondon Commission (1908-1909), and the Roosevelt-Rondon Scientific Expedition of 1913–1914. From 1910 to 1923 he issued numerous botanical reports as a result of findings from his expeditions. In 1918 he began work at the Instituto de Botánica in São Paulo, where in 1942 he was appointed director of the institute. Here he remained until his death in 1959. His major work, ''Flora Brasilica'', was started in 1940 and continued after his death by Alcides Ribeiro Teixeira. He was the author of studies on epiphytes, cinchona, toxic and medicinal plants, aquatic plants and more than 50 articles on the local flora of São Paulo. The following are of few of his principa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Perennial Plant
In horticulture, the term perennial (''wikt:per-#Prefix, per-'' + ''wikt:-ennial#Suffix, -ennial'', "through the year") is used to differentiate a plant from shorter-lived annual plant, annuals and biennial plant, biennials. It has thus been defined as a plant that lives more than 2 years. The term is also loosely used to distinguish plants with little or no woody growth (secondary growth in Tree girth measurement, girth) from trees and shrubs, which are also technically ''perennials''. Notably, it is estimated that 94% of plant species fall under the category of perennials, underscoring the prevalence of plants with lifespans exceeding two years in the botanical world. Perennials (especially small flowering plants) that grow and bloom over the spring and summer, die back every autumn and winter, and then return in the spring from their rootstock or other overwintering structure, are known as Herbaceous plant, herbaceous perennials. However, depending on the rigours of the loca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mato Grosso
Mato Grosso ( – ) is one of the states of Brazil, the List of Brazilian states by area, third largest by area, located in the Central-West Region, Brazil, Central-West region. The state has 1.66% of the Brazilian population and is responsible for 1.9% of the Brazilian GDP. Neighboring states (from west clockwise) are: Rondônia, Amazonas State, Brazil, Amazonas, Pará, Tocantins, Goiás and Mato Grosso do Sul. It is divided into 142 municipalities and covers an area of 903,357 square kilometers, consequently the state is roughly 82.2% of the size of its southwest neighbor, the nation of Bolivia. A state with a flat landscape that alternates between vast ''chapadas'' and plain areas, Mato Grosso contains three main ecosystems: the Cerrado, the Pantanal and the Amazon rainforest. The Chapada dos Guimarães National Park, with its caves, grottoes, tracks, and waterfalls, is one of its tourist attractions. The extreme northwest of the state has a small part of the Amazonian fores ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brazil
Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in South America. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, fifth-largest country by area and the List of countries and dependencies by population, seventh-largest by population, with over 212 million people. The country is a federation composed of 26 Federative units of Brazil, states and a Federal District (Brazil), Federal District, which hosts the capital, Brasília. List of cities in Brazil by population, Its most populous city is São Paulo, followed by Rio de Janeiro. Brazil has the most Portuguese-speaking countries, Portuguese speakers in the world and is the only country in the Americas where Portuguese language, Portuguese is an Portuguese-speaking world, official language. Bounded by the Atlantic Ocean on the east, Brazil has a Coastline of Brazil, coastline of . Covering roughly half of South America's land area, it Borders of Brazil, borders all other countries and ter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arachis Pietrarellii
''Arachis'' is a genus of about 70 species of annual and perennial flowering plants in the family (Fabaceae), native to South America, and was recently assigned to the informal monophyletic ''Pterocarpus'' clade of the Dalbergieae. At least one species, the peanut (''Arachis hypogaea''), is a major food crop species of global importance; some of the other species are cultivated for food to a small extent in South America. Other species such as '' A. pintoi'' are cultivated worldwide as forage and soil conditioner plants, with the leaves providing high-protein feed for grazing livestock and a nitrogen source in agroforestry and permaculture systems. ''Arachis'' species, including the peanut, are used as food plants by some Lepidoptera species, including the flame shoulder, nutmeg, and turnip moth. Species ''Arachis'' comprises the following sections and species: Section ''Arachis'' * ''Arachis batizocoi'' Krapov. & W.C. Greg. * ''Arachis benensis'' Krapov. et al. * '' Arachis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arachis Hypogaea
The peanut (''Arachis hypogaea''), also known as the groundnut, goober (US), goober pea, pindar (US) or monkey nut (UK), is a legume crop grown mainly for its edible seeds. It is widely grown in the tropics and subtropics by small and large commercial producers, both as a grain legume and as an oil crop. Atypically among legumes, peanut pods develop underground; this led botanist Carl Linnaeus to name peanuts ''hypogaea'', which means "under the earth". The peanut belongs to the botanical family Fabaceae (or Leguminosae), commonly known as the legume, bean, or pea family. Like most other legumes, peanuts harbor symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria in root nodules, which improve soil fertility, making them valuable in crop rotations. Despite not meeting the botanical definition of a nut as "a fruit whose ovary wall becomes hard at maturity," peanuts are usually categorized as nuts for culinary purposes and in common English. Some people are allergic to peanuts, a potent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polyploid
Polyploidy is a condition in which the biological cell, cells of an organism have more than two paired sets of (Homologous chromosome, homologous) chromosomes. Most species whose cells have Cell nucleus, nuclei (eukaryotes) are diploid, meaning they have two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each of two parents; each set contains the same number of chromosomes, and the chromosomes are joined in pairs of homologous chromosomes. However, some organisms are polyploid. Polyploidy is especially common in plants. Most eukaryotes have diploid somatic cells, but produce haploid gametes (eggs and sperm) by meiosis. A Ploidy, monoploid has only one set of chromosomes, and the term is usually only applied to cells or organisms that are normally diploid. Males of bees and other Hymenoptera, for example, are monoploid. Unlike animals, plants and multicellular algae have Biological life cycle, life cycles with two alternation of generations, alternating multicellular generations. The gamet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gene
In biology, the word gene has two meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity. The molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is transcribed to produce a functional RNA. There are two types of molecular genes: protein-coding genes and non-coding genes. During gene expression (the synthesis of Gene product, RNA or protein from a gene), DNA is first transcription (biology), copied into RNA. RNA can be non-coding RNA, directly functional or be the intermediate protein biosynthesis, template for the synthesis of a protein. The transmission of genes to an organism's offspring, is the basis of the inheritance of phenotypic traits from one generation to the next. These genes make up different DNA sequences, together called a genotype, that is specific to every given individual, within the gene pool of the population (biology), population of a given species. The genotype, along with environmental and developmental factors, ultimately determines the phenotype ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plant Breeding
Plant breeding is the science of changing the traits of plants in order to produce desired characteristics. It is used to improve the quality of plant products for use by humans and animals. The goals of plant breeding are to produce crop varieties that boast unique and superior traits for a variety of applications. The most frequently addressed agricultural traits are those related to biotic and abiotic stress tolerance, grain or biomass yield, end-use quality characteristics such as taste or the concentrations of specific biological molecules (proteins, sugars, lipids, vitamins, fibers) and ease of processing (harvesting, milling, baking, malting, blending, etc.). Plant breeding can be performed using many different techniques, ranging from the selection of the most desirable plants for propagation, to methods that make use of knowledge of genetics and chromosomes, to more complex molecular techniques. Genes in a plant are what determine what type of qualitative or quantitativ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arachis
''Arachis'' is a genus of about 70 species of annual and perennial flowering plants in the family (Fabaceae), native to South America, and was recently assigned to the informal monophyly, monophyletic ''Pterocarpus'' clade of the Dalbergieae. At least one species, the peanut (''Arachis hypogaea''), is a major food crop species of global importance; some of the other species are cultivated for food to a small extent in South America. Other species such as ''Arachis pintoi, A. pintoi'' are cultivated worldwide as forage and soil conditioner plants, with the leaves providing high-protein feed for grazing livestock and a nitrogen source in agroforestry and permaculture systems. ''Arachis'' species, including the peanut, are used as food plants by some Lepidoptera species, including the flame shoulder, Nutmeg (moth), nutmeg, and turnip moth. Species ''Arachis'' comprises the following Section (botany), sections and species: Section ''Arachis'' * ''Arachis batizocoi'' Krapov. & W.C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
