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Apus (Chinese Astronomy)
The modern constellation Apus is not included in the Three Enclosures and Twenty-Eight Mansions system of traditional Chinese uranography because its stars are too far south for observers in China to know about them prior to the introduction of Western star charts. Based on the work of Xu Guangqi and the German Jesuit missionary Johann Adam Schall von Bell in the late Ming Dynasty, this constellation has been classified as one of the 23 Southern Asterisms (近南極星區, ''Jìnnánjíxīngōu'') under the name Exotic Bird (異雀, ''Yìquè''). The name of the western constellation in modern Chinese is 天燕座 (''tiān yàn zuò''), meaning "the heaven swallow constellation". Stars The map of Chinese constellation in constellation Apus area consists of : See also *Chinese astronomy *Traditional Chinese star names *Chinese constellations Traditional Chinese astronomy has a system of dividing the celestial sphere into asterisms or constellations, known as "officials" (C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apus
Apus is a small constellation in the southern sky. It represents a bird-of-paradise, and its name means "without feet" in Greek because the bird-of-paradise was once wrongly believed to lack feet. First depicted on a celestial globe by Petrus Plancius in 1598, it was charted on a star atlas by Johann Bayer in his 1603 ''Uranometria''. The French explorer and astronomer Nicolas Louis de Lacaille charted and gave the brighter stars their Bayer designations in 1756. The five brightest stars are all reddish in hue. Shading the others at apparent magnitude 3.8 is Alpha Apodis, an orange giant that has around 48 times the diameter and 928 times the luminosity of the Sun. Marginally fainter is Gamma Apodis, another ageing giant star. Delta Apodis is a double star, the two components of which are 103 arcseconds apart and visible with the naked eye. Two star systems have been found to have planets. History Apus was one of twelve constellations published by Petrus Plancius from the o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beta Apodis
Beta Apodis (β Aps, β Apodis) is the Bayer designation for a star in the southern circumpolar constellation of Apus. It is located approximately from Earth, as determined by parallax measurements. The apparent visual magnitude of this star is +4.24, which is bright enough to be seen with the naked eye The spectrum of this star matches the characteristics of a K0 III, which, according to models of stellar evolution, indicates that it is in the giant star stage, having exhausted the supply of hydrogen at its core. The measured angular diameter of this star is . At the estimated distance of this star, this yields a physical size of about 11 times the radius of the Sun. The expanded outer atmosphere of Beta Apodis has an effective temperature of about 4,900 K. This heat is causing it to glow with the characteristic orange hue of a K-type star. Naming In Chinese caused by adaptation of the European southern hemisphere constellations into the Chinese system, (), ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chinese Astronomy
Astronomy in China has a long history stretching from the Shang dynasty, being refined over a period of more than 3,000 years. The ancient Chinese people have identified stars from 1300 BCE, as Chinese star names later categorized in the twenty-eight mansions have been found on oracle bones unearthed at Anyang, dating back to the mid-Shang dynasty. The core of the "mansion" (宿 ''xiù'') system also took shape around this period, by the time of King Wu Ding (1250–1192 BCE). Detailed records of astronomical observations began during the Warring States period (fourth century BCE) and flourished from the Han period onward. Chinese astronomy was equatorial, centered on close observation of circumpolar stars, and was based on different principles from those in traditional Western astronomy, where heliacal risings and settings of zodiac constellations formed the basic ecliptic framework. Joseph Needham has described the ancient Chinese as the most persistent and accurat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kappa² Apodis
Kappa2 Apodis (κ2 Apodis) is the Bayer designation for a double star in the southern circumpolar constellation of Apus. It is located at a distance of roughly from Earth, based upon parallax measurements with a 7% margin of error. The pair have a combined apparent visual magnitude of +5.65, which makes the system faintly visible to the naked eye. The brighter star has a stellar classification of B7 III-IV, with the luminosity class of III-IV suggesting that it may lie in an intermediate stage between a subgiant and a giant star. The faint companion is a K-type main sequence star with a classification of K0 V. It has a visual magnitude of 12.5 and an angular separation of 15 arcsecond A minute of arc, arcminute (arcmin), arc minute, or minute arc, denoted by the symbol , is a unit of angular measurement equal to of one degree. Since one degree is of a turn (or complete rotation), one minute of arc is of a turn. The na ...s from the bright ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kappa¹ Apodis
Kappa1 Apodis, Latinized from κ1 Apodis, is the Bayer designation for a binary star system in the southern circumpolar constellation of Apus. Based upon parallax measurements, it is located roughly from Earth. The combined apparent visual magnitude of the system is 5.52, indicating that this is a faint, naked eye star that can be viewed in dark suburban skies. It is moving away from the Sun with a radial velocity of +62 km/s. This is a spectroscopic binary system with an orbital period of 0.6 days. The combined spectrum matches a stellar classification of B1npe. The 'e' suffix indicates that this is a Be star with emission lines in the spectrum. An 'n' means that the absorption lines in the spectrum are broadened from the Doppler effect as a result of rapid rotation. Finally, the 'p' shows some peculiarity in the spectrum. It is classified as a Gamma Cassiopeiae type variable star and its brightness varies from magnitude +5.43 to +5.61. This is a runaway ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Epsilon Apodis
Epsilon Apodis, Latinized from ε Apodis, is the Bayer designation for a star in the southern circumpolar constellation of Apus. It has an apparent visual magnitude of 5.06, which is bright enough to be viewed from dark suburban skies. Based upon parallax measurements, it is at a distance of roughly from Earth. Based upon a stellar classification of B3 V, this is a massive, B-type main sequence star that is generating energy through the fusion of hydrogen at its core. Epsilon Apodis has more than six times the mass of the Sun and nearly four times the Sun's radius. It is radiating 1,614 times as much luminosity as the Sun from its outer envelope at an effective temperature of 17,050 K. At this heat, it has a blue-white glow that is a characteristic of B-type stars. It is spinning rapidly, with a projected rotational velocity of 255 km/s giving a lower bound for the azimuthal velocity along the equator. Epsilon Apodis is classified as a Gamma Cassi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alpha Apodis
Alpha Apodis (Alpha Aps, α Apodis, α Aps) is the brightest star in the southern circumpolar constellation of Apus, with an apparent magnitude of approximately 3.825. It had the Greek alpha designation as part of the constellation which Johann Bayer called Apis Indica in his 1603 '' Uranometria'' star atlas. With a declination of –79°, this is a circumpolar star for much of the southern hemisphere. It can be identified on the night sky by drawing an imaginary line through Alpha Centauri and Alpha Circini then extending it toward the south celestial pole. This is a giant star with a stellar classification of K2.5III, indicating that this star has consumed the hydrogen at its core and has evolved away from the main sequence. It has expanded to an estimated radius of about 48 times the radius of the Sun and is emitting 980 times the Sun's luminosity. The photosphere has an effective temperature of 4,256 K, giving the star the characteristic ora ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eta Apodis
Eta Apodis, Latinized from η Apodis, is a star in the southern circumpolar constellation Apus. Based upon parallax measurements from the Hipparcos mission, it is approximately from Earth. With an apparent visual magnitude of +4.9, it can be viewed with the naked eye from the southern hemisphere. Properties This star has about 1.77 times the mass of the Sun and 2.13 times the Sun's radius. It is radiating 15.5 times the luminosity of the Sun from its outer atmosphere at an effective temperature of 7,860 K. Eta Apodis is a young star with an age of about 250 million years. The stellar classification of Eta Apodis shows this to be an Am star, which means the spectrum shows chemically peculiarities. In particular, it is an A2-type star showing an excess of the elements chromium and europium. The spectrum displays magnetically-induced features indicating an estimated surface field strength of roughly 360 G. Based upon observations with the Spitzer Space Telescope, th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Delta1 Apodis
Delta Apodis (δ Aps, δ Apodis) is the Bayer designation for a double star in the southern constellation of Apus. The brighter star, δ Apodis, is an M-type red giant and has an apparent magnitude that varies from magnitude +4.66 to +4.87. It is classified as a semiregular variable with pulsations of multiple periods of 68.0, 94.9 and 101.7 days. At an angular separation of 102.9 arcseconds is δ Apodis, an orange K-type giant with an apparent magnitude of +5.27. Hipparcos data report the distance to δ Apodis to be approximately 760 light years, while δ Apodis is found to be around 610 light years from Earth. They may form a common proper motion pair. Naming In Chinese Chinese can refer to: * Something related to China * Chinese people, people of Chinese nationality, citizenship, and/or ethnicity **''Zhonghua minzu'', the supra-ethnic concept of the Chinese nation ** List of ethnic groups in China, people of va ... caused by adaptation of the European souther ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gamma Apodis
Gamma Apodis (γ Aps, γ Apodis) is the Bayer designation for a star in the southern circumpolar constellation of Apus. From parallax measurements, the distance to this star can be estimated as . It is visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 3.86. A stellar classification of G9 III identifies it as a giant star in the later stages of its evolution. It is an active X-ray source with a luminosity of , making it one of the 100 strongest stellar X-ray sources within 50 parsecs of the Sun. Naming In Chinese caused by adaptation of the European southern hemisphere constellations into the Chinese system, (), meaning ''Exotic Bird Exotic may refer to: Mathematics and physics * Exotic R4, a differentiable 4-manifold, homeomorphic but not diffeomorphic to the Euclidean space R4 *Exotic sphere, a differentiable ''n''-manifold, homeomorphic but not diffeomorphic to the ordinar ...'', refers to an asterism consisting of γ Apodis, ζ Apodis, ι Apodis, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iota Apodis
Iota Apodis (ι Aps, ι Apodis) is the Bayer designation for a binary star system in the southern circumpolar constellation of Apus. It is a faint target at an apparent visual magnitude of 5.41, but still visible to the naked eye from suitably dark skies. The distance to this star can be roughly gauged from parallax measurements, yielding an estimate of with a 20% margin of error. Both stars are B-type main sequence stars, which indicates they shine with a blue-white hue. The brighter component has a stellar classification of B9 V and an apparent magnitude 5.90, while the second member is a B9.5 V star with a magnitude of 6.46. The pair have an angular separation of 0.091 arcseconds with an estimated orbital period of 59.32 years. They are about 3.89 and 3.45 times as massive as the Sun. Naming In Chinese caused by adaptation of the European southern hemisphere constellations into the Chinese system, (), meaning ''Exotic Bird Exotic may refer to: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Three Enclosures
Traditional Chinese astronomy has a system of dividing the celestial sphere into asterisms or constellations, known as "officials" ( Chinese ''xīng guān''). The Chinese asterisms are generally smaller than the constellations of Hellenistic tradition. The Song dynasty (13th-century) Suzhou planisphere shows a total of 283 asterisms, comprising a total of 1,565 individual stars. The asterisms are divided into four groups, the Twenty-Eight Mansions (, ''Èrshíbā Xiù'') along the ecliptic, and the Three Enclosures of the northern sky. The southern sky was added as a fifth group in the late Ming Dynasty based on European star charts, comprising an additional 23 asterisms. The Three Enclosures (, ''Sān Yuán'') include the Purple Forbidden Enclosure, which is centered on the north celestial pole and includes those stars which could be seen year-round,Needham, J.Astronomy in Ancient and Medieval China. ''Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London''. Serie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
