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Appleby (UK Parliament Constituency)
Appleby was a United Kingdom constituencies, parliamentary constituency in the county of Westmorland in England. It existed for two separate periods: from 1295 to 1832, and from 1885 to 1918. Appleby was enfranchised as parliamentary borough in 1295, and abolished by the Great Reform Act 1832. It returned two Member of Parliament (United Kingdom), Members of Parliament (MPs) using the Plurality-at-large voting, bloc vote system. It was represented in the House of Commons of England until the Acts of Union 1707, in the House of Commons of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800, and finally in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1832. Its best-known MP was William Pitt the Younger who became Prime Minister of Great Britain, prime minister in 1783 at the age of 24. For the 1885 United Kingdom general election, 1885 general election the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885 created a county constituency of the same name, which returned a single MP elected by the first-past-th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Redistribution Of Seats Act 1885
The Redistribution of Seats Act 1885 (48 & 49 Vict. c. 23) was an Act of Parliament (United Kingdom), act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom (sometimes called the "Reform Act of 1885"). It was a piece of electoral reform legislation that redistributed the seats in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, House of Commons, introducing the concept of equally populated United Kingdom constituencies, constituencies, a concept in the broader global context termed malapportionment, equal apportionment, in an attempt to equalise representation across the UK. It mandated the abolition of constituencies below a certain population threshold. It was associated with, but not part of, the Representation of the People Act 1884. Background The first major reform of Commons' seats took place under the Reform Act 1832. The second major reform of Commons' seats occurred in three territory-specific Acts in 1867–68: *the Reform Act 1867 applied to English and Welsh constituencies *the R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ambleside
Ambleside is a town in the civil parish of Lakes and the Westmorland and Furness district of Cumbria, England. Within the boundaries of the historic county of Westmorland and located in the Lake District National Park, the town sits at the head of Windermere, England's largest natural lake. In 2022 the built up area had an estimated population of 2,586. History The town's name is derived from the Old Norse "''Á-mel-sǽtr"'' which literally translates as "river – sandbank – summer pasture". On the southern edge of Ambleside is the Roman fort of Galava, dating from AD 79. In 1650 the town was granted a charter to hold a market. In the reign of James II, another charter was granted for the town to collect tolls. The town's Market Place became the commercial centre for agriculture and the wool trade. The old packhorse trail between Ambleside and Grasmere was the main route between the two towns before the new turnpike road was completed in 1770. Smithy Brow at the end ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pocket Borough
A rotten or pocket borough, also known as a nomination borough or proprietorial borough, was a parliamentary borough or constituency in England, Great Britain, or the United Kingdom before the Reform Act of 1832, which had a very small electorate and could be used by a patron to gain unrepresentative influence within the House of Commons. The same terms were used for similar boroughs represented in the 18th-century Parliament of Ireland. The Reform Act abolished the majority of these rotten and pocket boroughs. Background A parliamentary borough was a town or former town that had been incorporated under a royal charter, giving it the right to send two elected burgesses as Members of Parliament (MPs) to the House of Commons. It was not unusual for the physical boundary of the settlement to change as the town developed or contracted over time, for example due to changes in its trade and industry, so that the boundaries of the parliamentary borough and of the physical settlemen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey
Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey (13 March 1764 – 17 July 1845), known as Viscount Howick between 1806 and 1807, was a British Whig politician, who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1830 to 1834. As prime minister, Grey won adoption of the Great Reform Act of 1832 which expanded the electorate in the United Kingdom; and passed the Slavery Abolition Act of 1833 which abolished slavery in the British Empire. Grey was a long-time leader of the reform movement. He presented his first petition to extend the electoral franchise of voting as a member of parliament in 1792, and as prime minister he ultimately passed the Reform Act of 1832, which extended the franchise of voting in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and which was accompanied by extensions of the electoral franchise in Scotland and Ireland with the Scottish Reform Act 1832 and the Irish Reform Act 1832. He resigned as prime minister in 1834 over disagreements in his cabinet reg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cambridge University (UK Parliament Constituency)
Cambridge University was a university constituency electing two members to the English House of Commons from 1603 and from 1707 British House of Commons to 1950. Franchise and method of election This university constituency was created by a Royal Charter of 1603. It was abolished in 1950 by the Representation of the People Act 1948. The constituency was not a geographical area. Its electorate consisted of the graduates of the University of Cambridge. Before 1918 the franchise was restricted to male graduates with a Doctorate or Master of Arts (Oxbridge and Dublin), Master of Arts degree. Sedgwick records that there were 377 electors in 1727. For the 1754–1790 period, Namier and Brooke estimated the electorate at about 500. The constituency returned two Member of Parliament (United Kingdom), Members of Parliament. Before 1918 they were elected by plurality-at-large voting, but from 1918 onwards the two members were elected by the Single Transferable Vote method. History In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prime Minister
A prime minister or chief of cabinet is the head of the cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government, often in a parliamentary or semi-presidential system. A prime minister is not the head of state, but rather the head of government, serving as the chief of the executive under either a monarch or a president in a republican form of government. In parliamentary systems of government (be they constitutional monarchies or parliamentary republics), the Prime Minister (or occasionally a similar post with a different title, such as the Chancellor of Germany) is the most powerful politician and the functional leader of the state, by virtue of commanding the confidence of the legislature. The head of state is typically a ceremonial officer, though they may exercise reserve powers to check the Prime Minister in unusual situations. Under some presidential systems, such as South Korea and Peru, the prime minister is the leader or the most s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Earl Of Thanet
Earl of the Isle of Thanet, in practice shortened to Earl of Thanet, was a title in the Peerage of England. It was created in 1628 for Nicholas Tufton, 1st Earl of Thanet, Nicholas Tufton, 1st Baron Tufton. He had already succeeded as second Baronet of Hothfield in 1631 and been created Baron Tufton, of Tufton in the County of Sussex, in 1626, also in the Peerage of England. The Baronetcy, of Hothfield in the County of Kent, was created in the Baronetage of England in 1611 for his father, John Tufton. Lord Thanet was succeeded by his son, the second Earl. He married Lady Margaret Sackville, daughter of Richard Sackville, 3rd Earl of Dorset and Lady Anne Clifford. Their son, the third Earl, successfully claimed the Baron de Clifford, barony of de Clifford through his maternal grandmother Lady Anne (which had been in abeyance since the death of his great-grandfather George Clifford, 3rd Earl of Cumberland). The third Earl was succeeded by his younger brother, the fourth Earl. He repr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Earl Of Lonsdale
Earl of Lonsdale is a title that has been created twice in British history, firstly in the Peerage of Great Britain in 1784 (becoming extinct in 1802), and then in the Peerage of the United Kingdom in 1807, both times for members of the Lowther family. This family descends from Richard Lowther (1532–1608), Sir Richard Lowther (1532–1607), of Lowther Hall, Westmorland, who served as Lord Warden of the Marches, Lord Warden of the West Marches. First creation His great-grandson, Sir John Lowther, 1st Baronet, of Lowther, John Lowther, was created a baronet, of Lowther in the County of Westmorland, in the Baronetage of Nova Scotia in circa 1638. He was succeeded by his grandson, the second Baronet (the son of John Lowther (d. 1668), John Lowther, eldest son of the first Baronet). He was an influential politician and held several ministerial posts during the reign of William III of England, William III. In 1696 he was raised to the Peerage of England as Baron Lowther and Visco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Burgage
Burgage is a medieval land term used in Great Britain and Ireland, well established by the 13th century. A burgage was a town ("borough" or "burgh") rental property (to use modern terms), owned by a king or lord. The property ("burgage tenement") usually, and distinctly, consisted of a house on a long and narrow plot of land (), with a narrow street frontage. Rental payment ("tenure") was usually in the form of money, but each "burgage tenure" arrangement was unique and could include services. As populations grew, "burgage plots" could be split into smaller additional units. (Amalgamation was not so common until the second half of the 19th century.) Burgage tenures were usually money-based, in contrast with rural tenures, which were usually services-based. In Saxon times the rent was called a ''landgable'' or ''hawgable''. Burgage grants were also common in Ireland; for example, when the town of Wexford received its royal charter in 1418, English settlers were encouraged in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reform Act 1832
The Representation of the People Act 1832 (also known as the Reform Act 1832, Great Reform Act or First Reform Act) was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom (indexed as 2 & 3 Will. 4. c. 45), enacted by the Whig government of Prime Minister Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey, introducing major changes to the electoral system of England and Wales, expanding the electorate in the United Kingdom. The legislation granted the right to vote to a broader segment of the male population by standardizing property qualifications, extending the franchise to small landowners, tenant farmers, shopkeepers, and all householders who paid a yearly rental of £10 or more. The act also reapportioned constituencies to address the unequal distribution of seats. The act of England and Wales was accompanied by the Scottish Reform Act 1832 and Irish Reform Act 1832, respectively. Before the reform, most members of Parliament nominally represented boroughs. However, the number of electors in a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Model Parliament
The Model Parliament was the 1295 Parliament of England of Edward I of England, King Edward I. Its composition became the model for later parliaments. History The term ''Model Parliament'' was coined by William Stubbs (1825-1901) and later used also by Frederic William Maitland. The assembly of AD 1295 included members of the clergy and the aristocracy, as well as representatives from the various Historic counties of England, counties and boroughs. Each county returned two knights of the Shire, knights, each borough elected two burgess (title), burgesses, and each city provided two citizens. That composition became the model for later parliaments, hence the name.Powicke, Maurice, ''Medieval England: 1066-1485'', pp. 96-97 (London: Oxford University Press paperback edition 1969). A similar scheme had been used in summoning Simon de Montfort's Parliament in 1265, but it had been called by Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester, Simon de Montfort in the midst of the Second Baron ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
