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Antônio Delfim Netto
Antônio Delfim Netto (; 1 May 1928 – 12 August 2024) was a Brazilian economist, academic, and politician who was the Ministry of Finance (Brazil), Minister of Finance, Ministry of Agriculture (Brazil), Agriculture, and Ministry of Planning, Budget, and Management, Planning, as well as a National Congress of Brazil, congressman. During his incumbency as Minister of Finance of Brazil, the country experienced the so-called Brazilian Miracle, Economic Miracle, a time of unprecedented economic growth. The Milagre Econômico overseen by Delfim Netto relied on a heterodox, developmentalist model. The economic expansion relied on low wages, rapidly rising exports, and foreign capital inflows. Delfim Netto gave another added meaning to the phrase "cake theory" in reference to this model: the cake had to grow before it could be distributed. Although the "cake" in his metaphor did grow, it was highly unequally distributed. Delfim Netto died in São Paulo on 12 August 2024, at the age o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ministry Of Agriculture (Brazil)
The Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock (, abbreviated MAPA) is a federal government of Brazil, federal department in Brazil. The jurisdiction of this ministry is to formulate and implement policies for agribusiness development, integrating the aspects of market, technological, organizational and environmental care for the consumers of the country and abroad, promoting food security, income generation and employment, reducing inequalities and increasing social inclusion. The Ministry was founded during the Brazilian Empire in 1860. Originally named ''Secretaria de Estado dos Negócios da Agricultura, Comércio e Obras Públicas'', the body was extinguished in the early years of the First Brazilian Republic and re-established in 1906 as the ''Ministerio dos Negocios da Agricultura, Industria e Commercio''. In 1930, it was renamed the ''Ministério da Agricultura''. Agroenergy Brazil is the world leader in producing agroenergy and the Ministry of Agriculture encourages policies ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Renewal Alliance
The National Renewal Alliance ( Portuguese: ''Aliança Renovadora Nacional'', ARENA) was a far-right political party that existed in Brazil between 1966 and 1979. It was the official party of the military dictatorship that ruled Brazil from 1964 to 1985. ARENA was part of a two-party system enforced by the dictatorship instituted in 1966, where only it and the Brazilian Democratic Movement (MDB) — the "consented opposition" — were allowed. In 1979, a multi-party system was reintroduced to Brazil, both MDB and ARENA were officially dissolved, and the Democratic Social Party (PDS) was founded as a continuation of ARENA. Soon thereafter, PDS had a split which saw the creation of the Liberal Front Party (PFL), current Brazil Union (UNIÃO), while PDS merged with the PDC in 1993 became the Reform Progressive Party (PPR), which became the current Progressives (PP) in 1995. History Until 1965, there were three main parties in Brazil: the populist Brazilian Labour Party (PTB), ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Of São Paulo Alumni
A university () is an institution of tertiary education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. ''University'' is derived from the Latin phrase , which roughly means "community of teachers and scholars". Universities typically offer both undergraduate and postgraduate programs. The first universities in Europe were established by Catholic monks. The University of Bologna (), Italy, which was founded in 1088, is the first university in the sense of: *being a high degree-awarding institute. *using the word (which was coined at its foundation). *having independence from the ecclesiastic schools and issuing secular as well as non-secular degrees (with teaching conducted by both clergy and non-clergy): grammar, rhetoric, logic, theology, canon law and notarial law.Hunt Janin: "The university in medieval life, 1179–1499", McFarland, 2008, , p. 55f.de Ridder-Symoens, Hilde''A History of the University in Europe: Volume 1, Universities in the Midd ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brazilian Economists
Brazilian commonly refers to: * Brazil, a country * Brazilians, its people * Brazilian Portuguese, its dialect Brazilian may also refer to: * "The Brazilian", a 1986 instrumental music piece by Genesis * Brazilian Café, Baghdad, Iraq (1937) * Brazilian cuisine ** Churrasco, or Brazilian barbecue * Brazilian-cut bikini, a swimsuit revealing the buttocks * Brazilian waxing, a style of pubic hair removal * Mamelodi Sundowns F.C., a South African football club nicknamed ''The Brazilians'' See also * Brazil (other) * ''Brasileiro'', a 1992 album by Sergio Mendes * Brazilian jiu-jitsu, a martial art and combat sport system * Culture of Brazil * Football in Brazil Association football, Football is the most popular sport in Brazil and a prominent part of the country's national identity. The Brazil national football team has won the FIFA World Cup five times, the most of any team, in 1958 FIFA World Cup, ... {{Disambiguation Language and nationality disambiguation page ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2024 Deaths
This is a list of lists of deaths of notable people, organized by year. New deaths articles are added to their respective month (e.g., Deaths in ) and then linked below. 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988 1987 1986 Earlier years ''Deaths in years earlier than this can usually be found in the main articles of the years.'' See also * Lists of deaths by day * Deaths by year (category) {{DEFAULTSORT:deaths by year ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1928 Births
Events January * January – British bacteriologist Frederick Griffith reports the results of Griffith's experiment, indirectly demonstrating that DNA is the genetic material. * January 1 – Eastern Bloc emigration and defection: Boris Bazhanov, Joseph Stalin's personal secretary, crosses the border to Iran to defect from the Soviet Union. * January 17 – The OGPU arrests Leon Trotsky in Moscow; he assumes a status of passive resistance and is exiled with his family. * January 26 – The volcanic island Anak Krakatau appears. February * February – The Ford River Rouge Complex at Dearborn, Michigan, an automobile plant begun in 1917, is completed as the world's largest integrated factory. * February 8 – Scottish-born inventor John Logie Baird broadcasts a transatlantic television signal from London to Hartsdale, New York. * February 11 – February 19, 19 – The 1928 Winter Olympics are held in St. Moritz, Switzerland, the first as a separate event. Sonja Henie of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Footnotes
In publishing, a note is a brief text in which the author comments on the subject and themes of the book and names supporting citations. In the editorial production of books and documents, typographically, a note is usually several lines of text at the bottom of the page, at the end of a chapter, at the end of a volume, or a house-style typographic usage throughout the text. Notes are usually identified with superscript numbers or a symbol.''The Oxford Companion to the English Language'' (1992) p. 709. Footnotes are informational notes located at the foot of the thematically relevant page, whilst endnotes are informational notes published at the end of a chapter, the end of a volume, or the conclusion of a multi-volume book. Unlike footnotes, which require manipulating the page design (text-block and page layouts) to accommodate the additional text, endnotes are advantageous to editorial production because the textual inclusion does not alter the design of the publication. H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cake Theory
Cake theory () is a metaphor about economic development and the redistribution of wealth in the political discourse of China. It emerged in 2010 as problems with an increased wealth gap became gradually more apparent. If economic development is seen as analogous to baking a cake, one side of the debate suggests that development should focus on "dividing the cake more fairly", while the other says development should be focused on "baking a bigger cake". Synopsis Thirty years of economic growth in China has resulted in higher standards of living and a substantial growth in national income, but also led to a widening wealth gap and a host of associated social problems. Conflicts are emerging between the haves and have-nots of society. The ''nouveau riche'' are seen as variously the beneficiaries of their hard work and enterprising character under the new market economy, or as cheaters of the system and inheritors of unfair privilege. At the 2010 National People's Congress, Premier ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Routledge
Routledge ( ) is a British multinational corporation, multinational publisher. It was founded in 1836 by George Routledge, and specialises in providing academic books, academic journals, journals and online resources in the fields of the humanities, behavioral science, behavioural science, education, law, and social science. The company publishes approximately 1,800 journals and 5,000 new books each year and their backlist encompasses over 140,000 titles. Routledge is claimed to be the largest global academic publisher within humanities and social sciences. In 1998, Routledge became a subdivision and Imprint (trade name), imprint of its former rival, Taylor & Francis, Taylor & Francis Group (T&F), as a result of a £90-million acquisition deal from Cinven, a venture capital group which had purchased it two years previously for £25 million. Following the merger of Informa and T&F in 2004, Routledge became a publishing unit and major imprint within the Informa "academic publishing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heterodox
In religion, heterodoxy (from Ancient Greek: , + , ) means "any opinions or doctrines at variance with an official or orthodox position". ''Heterodoxy'' is also an ecclesiastical jargon term, defined in various ways by different religions and churches. For example, in some groups, heterodoxy may describe beliefs that differ from strictly orthodox views but that fall short either of formal or of material heresy. Christianity Eastern Orthodoxy In the Eastern Orthodox Church, the term is used primarily in reference to Christian churches and denominations not belonging to the communion of Eastern Orthodox churches and espousing doctrines contrary to the received Holy Tradition. Protestantism Charles Spurgeon said: u shall find spiritual life in every church. I know it is the notion of the bigot, that all the truly godly people belong to the denomination which he adorns. Orthodoxy is my doxy; heterodoxy is anybody else's doxy who does not agree with me. Islam The Arabic word ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brazilian Miracle
The Brazilian Miracle () was a period of exceptional economic growth in Brazil during the rule of the Brazilian military dictatorship, achieved via a heterodox and developmentalist model. During this time the average annual GDP growth was close to 10%. The greatest economic growth was reached during the tenure of President Emílio Garrastazu Médici from 1969 to 1973. James Petras argues the short-lived economic miracle in Brazil was based on: ''a) violent illegitimate seizure of political power by the military;'' ''b) the institutionalization of violence through an extensive and intensive system of military-police controls throughout civil society;'' ''c) the systematic use of terror to contain popular discontent, to disarticulate mass organizations and to destroy guerrilla resistance;'' ''d) the elaboration of the National Security ideology to justify the State's "permanent state of war" against autonomous class or nationalist movements.'' Perception of the so-called "Gol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Congress Of Brazil
The National Congress () is the legislative body of Brazil's federal government. Unlike the state legislative assemblies and Câmara Municipal, municipal chambers, the Congress is bicameral, composed of the Federal Senate (Brazil), Federal Senate (the upper house) and the Chamber of Deputies (Brazil), Chamber of Deputies (the lower house). The Congress meets annually in Brasília from 2 February to 22 December, with a mid-term break taking place between 17 July and 1 August. The Senate represents the States of Brazil, 26 states and the Federal District (Brazil), Federal District. Each state and the Federal District has a representation of three senators, who are elected by popular ballot for a term of eight years. Every four years, renewal of either one third or two-thirds of the Senate (and of the delegations of the States and the Federal District) takes place. The Chamber of Deputies represents the people of each state, and its members are elected for a four-year term by a sys ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
