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Anténor Firmin
Joseph Auguste Anténor Firmin (18 October 1850 – 19 September 1911), better known as Anténor Firmin, was a Haitian barrister and philosopher, pioneering anthropologist, journalist, and politician. Firmin is best known for his book (), which was published in 1885 as a rebuttal to French writer Count Arthur de Gobineau's work (). Gobineau's book asserted the superiority of the Aryan race and the inferiority of Blacks and other people of color. Firmin's book argued the opposite, that "all men are endowed with the same qualities and the same faults, without distinction of color or anatomical form. The races are equal". He was marginalized at the time for his beliefs that all human races were equal. Biography Joseph Auguste Anténor Firmin was born as the third generation of a post-independent Haiti in a working-class family. Firmin advanced quickly at his studies and started teaching when he was 17. He studied accounting and law. He found early jobs Haitian Customs Office an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Foreign Ministers Of Haiti
This is a list of foreign ministers of Haiti. List * February 1807 - 6 December 1812: Joseph Rouanez * December 1812 - May 1820: Julien Prévost * 4 April 1843 - 7 January 1844: Philippe Guerrier * 7 January 1844 - 3 May 1844: Hérard Dumesle * 3 May 1844 - 1 March 1846: Jacques Hyppolite * 2 March 1846 - 27 July 1847: Alexis Dupuy * 27 July 1847 - 30 September 1847: Jean Elie * 30 September 1847 - 9 April 1848: Alexis Dupuy (2nd term) * 9 April 1848 - 26 December 1848: Lysius Salomon * 31 December 1848 - 15 January 1859: Louis Dufrène * 17 January 1859 - 28 January 1860: André Jean-Simon * 28 January 1860 - 8 July 1862: Victorin Plésance * 8 July 1862 - 13 August 1866: Théodate Philippeaux * 13 August 1866 - 7 March 1867: Thomas Madiou * 7 March 1867 - 13 March 1867: Linstant de Pradines * 8 May 1867 - 21 July 1867: André Germain * 21 July 1867 - 20 May 1868: Demesvar Delorme * 20 May 1868 - 3 August 1868: Daguesseau Lespinasse * 3 August 1868 - 19 February 1869: Alexandre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hammerton Killick
Hammerton Killick (April 18, 1856 – September 6, 1902) was an admiral in the Haitian Navy. He was killed in the 1902 Firmin rebellion when he refused to surrender his ship to the German warship . A Killick, naval base in Port-au-Prince is named after him. A 1943 Haitian postage stamp commemorated his role in the rebellion. Early life Killick was an "Anglo-Haitian mulatto." His father was of either Scottish or Irish descent. Military service Haiti in Killick's time was a poor country, and its navy was ill-equipped, with many of its officers serving under contract from other nations. At any given time, the number of ships in the Navy ranged between two and four. An observer in 1899 described obsolete, possibly un-seaworthy ships badly in need of paint being cannibalized for parts. Sailors in the navy often had to go without pay, and often had little, poor quality food. Moreover, the political situation in Haiti was not stable, with President Florvil Hyppolite facing revolts and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haitian Revolution
The Haitian Revolution ( or ; ) was a successful insurrection by slave revolt, self-liberated slaves against French colonial rule in Saint-Domingue, now the sovereign state of Haiti. The revolution was the only known Slave rebellion, slave uprising in human history that led to the founding of a state which was both free from Slavery in the Americas, slavery (though not from forced labour) and ruled by non-whites and former captives. The revolt began on 22 August 1791, and ended in 1804 with the former colony's independence. It involved black, biracial, French, Spanish, British, and Polish participants—with the ex-slave Toussaint Louverture emerging as Haiti's most prominent general. The successful revolution was a defining moment in the history of the Atlantic World and the revolution's effects on the institution of slavery were felt throughout the Americas. The end of French rule and the Abolitionism, abolition of slavery in the former colony was followed by a successful de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ancient Egyptian Race Controversy
The question of the race of the ancient Egyptians was raised historically as a product of the early racial concepts of the 18th and 19th centuries, and was linked to models of racial hierarchy primarily based on craniometry and anthropometry. A variety of views circulated about the racial identity of the Egyptians and the source of their culture. Some scholars argued that ancient Egyptian culture was influenced by other Afroasiatic-speaking populations in North Africa, the Horn of Africa, or the Middle East, while others pointed to influences from various Nubian groups or populations in Europe. In more recent times, some writers continued to challenge the mainstream view, some focusing on questioning the race of specific notable individuals, such as the king represented in the Great Sphinx of Giza, the native Egyptian pharaoh Tutankhamun, the Egyptian queen Tiye, and the Greek Ptolemaic queen Cleopatra VII. At a UNESCO symposium in 1974, a majority of the internatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Auguste Comte
Isidore Auguste Marie François Xavier Comte (; ; 19 January 1798 – 5 September 1857) was a French philosopher, mathematician and writer who formulated the doctrine of positivism. He is often regarded as the first philosopher of science in the modern sense of the term. Comte's ideas were also fundamental to the development of sociology, with him inventing the very term and treating the discipline as the crowning achievement of the sciences. Influenced by Henri de Saint-Simon, Comte's work attempted to remedy the social disorder caused by the French Revolution, which he believed indicated an imminent transition to a new form of society. He sought to establish a new social doctrine based on science, which he labeled ''positivism''. He had a major impact on 19th-century thought, influencing the work of social thinkers such as John Stuart Mill and George Eliot. His concept of ''Sociology'' and social evolutionism set the tone for early social theorists and anthropologists s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Melville Herskovits
Melville Jean Herskovits (September 10, 1895 – February 25, 1963) was an American anthropologist who helped to first establish African and African Diaspora studies in American academia. He is known for exploring the cultural continuity from African cultures as expressed in African-American communities. He worked with his wife Frances (Shapiro) Herskovits, also an anthropologist, in the field in South America, the Caribbean and Africa. They jointly wrote several books and monographs. Early life and education Born to Jewish immigrants in Bellefontaine, Ohio, in 1895, Herskovits attended local public schools. He served in the United States Army Medical Corps in France during World War I. Afterward, he went to college, earning a Bachelor of Philosophy at the University of Chicago in 1920. He went to New York City for graduate work, earning his M.A. and Ph.D. in anthropology from Columbia University under the guidance of the German-born American anthropologist Franz Boas. This su ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ethnology
Ethnology (from the , meaning 'nation') is an academic field and discipline that compares and analyzes the characteristics of different peoples and the relationships between them (compare cultural, social, or sociocultural anthropology). Scientific discipline Compared to ethnography, the study of single groups through direct contact with the culture, ethnology takes the research that ethnographers have compiled and then compares and contrasts different cultures. The term ''ethnologia'' (''ethnology'') is credited to Adam Franz Kollár (1718–1783) who used and defined it in his ''Historiae ivrisqve pvblici Regni Vngariae amoenitates'' published in Vienna in 1783. as: "the science of nations and peoples, or, that study of learned men in which they inquire into the origins, languages, customs, and institutions of various nations, and finally into the fatherland and ancient seats, in order to be able better to judge the nations and peoples in their own times." Kollár's int ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean Price-Mars
Jean Price-Mars (15 October 1876 – 1 March 1969) was a Haitian medical doctor, teacher, politician, diplomat, writer, and ethnographer.Île-en-île Jean Price-Mars Price-Mars served as secretary of the Haitian legation in (1909) and as in (1915–1917), during the initial years of the occupation of Hai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Négritude
''Négritude'' (from French "nègre" and "-itude" to denote a condition that can be translated as "Blackness") is a framework of critique and literary theory, mainly developed by francophone intellectuals, writers, and politicians in the African diaspora during the 1930s, aimed at raising and cultivating "black consciousness" across Africa and its diaspora. Négritude gathers writers such as sisters Paulette and Jeanne Nardal (known for having laid the theoretical basis of the movement), Martinican poet Aimé Césaire, Abdoulaye Sadji, Léopold Sédar Senghor (the first President of Senegal), and Léon Damas of French Guiana. ''Négritude'' intellectuals disavowed colonialism, racism and Eurocentrism. They promoted African culture within a framework of persistent Franco-African ties. The intellectuals employed Marxist political philosophy, in the black radical tradition. The writers drew heavily on a surrealist literary style, and some say they were also influenced somew ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Physical Anthropology
Biological anthropology, also known as physical anthropology, is a natural science discipline concerned with the biological and behavioral aspects of human beings, their extinct hominin ancestors, and related non-human primates, particularly from an evolutionary perspective. This subfield of anthropology systematically studies human beings from a biological perspective. Branches As a subfield of anthropology, biological anthropology itself is further divided into several branches. All branches are united in their common orientation and/or application of evolutionary theory to understanding human biology and behavior. * Bioarchaeology is the study of past human cultures through examination of human remains recovered in an archaeological context. The examined human remains usually are limited to bones but may include preserved soft tissue. Researchers in bioarchaeology combine the skill sets of human osteology, paleopathology, and archaeology, and often consider the cultural an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asselin Charles
Asselin is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Christopher Asselin (born 1969), American politician * Edmund Tobin Asselin (1920–1999), Canadian politician, administrator and businessman * Émile Asselin (born 1996), Canadian curler * Félix Asselin (born 1994), Canadian curler * Guillaume Asselin (born 1992), Canadian ice hockey player * Gérard Asselin (1950–2013), Canadian politician * Janelle Asselin (born 1983), American comic book editor * Jean-Louis Asselin de Cherville (1772–1822), French Orientalist * Joe Asselin (born 1977), American musician * Jonathan Asselin (born 1958), Canadian equestrian * Joseph-Omer Asselin (1890–1961), Canadian businessman and politician * Josh Asselin (born 1978), American basketball player * Kevin Asselin (born 1985), Canadian ice hockey player * Louis-Napoléon Asselin (1850–1921), Canadian lawyer and politician * Marie-Anne Asselin (1888–1971), Canadian mezzo-soprano * Marie-Claude Asselin (born 1962), Cana ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Imperial German Navy
The Imperial German Navy or the ''Kaiserliche Marine'' (Imperial Navy) was the navy of the German Empire, which existed between 1871 and 1919. It grew out of the small Prussian Navy (from 1867 the North German Federal Navy), which was mainly for coast defence. Wilhelm II, Kaiser Wilhelm II greatly expanded the navy. The key leader was Admiral Alfred von Tirpitz, who greatly expanded the size and quality of the navy, while adopting the Command of the sea, sea power theories of American strategist Alfred Thayer Mahan. The result was a Anglo-German naval arms race, naval arms race with Britain, as the German navy grew to become one of the greatest maritime forces in the world, second only to the Royal Navy. The German surface navy proved ineffective during the First World War; its only major engagement, the Battle of Jutland, was a draw, but it kept the surface fleet largely in port for the rest of the war. The submarine fleet was greatly expanded and threatened the British supply s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
