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Antonio Riva (pilot)
Antonio Riva (; 8 April 1896 – 17 August 1951) was an Italian pilot and a World War I flying ace, credited with seven confirmed and seven unconfirmed aerial victories. In 1951, he was executed by firing squad under the newly established People's Republic of China for allegedly conspiring to assassinate Mao Zedong and other Communist leaders. Early life and infantry service Antonio Riva was born in Shanghai, China on 8 April 1896 from a family of wealthy merchants from Gorgonzola, Achille Riva and Teresa Barbaran Capra; the couple moved to China in 1880 to export silk in Italy. Being of Italian heritage, he returned to Italy as World War I engulfed Europe. He volunteered as a reserve officer on 31 December 1914, before Italy entered the war. On 11 July 1915, he was commissioned a '' Sottotenente'' in the Italian Army's 70th Infantry Regiment. On 12 November 1915, he was wounded, not returning to duty until 16 March 1916. He was transferred to the 201st Infantry Regiment on 15 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shanghai
Shanghai, Shanghainese: , Standard Chinese pronunciation: is a direct-administered municipality and the most populous urban area in China. The city is located on the Chinese shoreline on the southern estuary of the Yangtze River, with the Huangpu River flowing through it. The population of the city proper is the List of largest cities, second largest in the world after Chongqing, with around 24.87 million inhabitants in 2023, while the urban area is the List of cities in China by population, most populous in China, with 29.87 million residents. As of 2022, the Greater Shanghai metropolitan area was estimated to produce a gross metropolitan product (GDP (nominal), nominal) of nearly 13 trillion Renminbi, RMB ($1.9 trillion). Shanghai is one of the world's major centers for finance, #Economy, business and economics, research, science and technology, manufacturing, transportation, List of tourist attractions in Shanghai, tourism, and Culture of Shanghai, culture. The Port of Sh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Foggia
Foggia (, ; ; ) is a city and ''comune'' (municipality) of Apulia, in Southern Italy, capital of the province of Foggia. In 2013, its population was 153,143. Foggia is the main city of a plain called Tavoliere delle Puglie, Tavoliere, also known as the "granary of Italy". History The name "''Foggia''" (originally ''Focis'') probably derives from Latin "''fovea''", meaning "''pit''", referring to the pits where wheat was stored. The name's etymology remains uncertain however, as it could as well stem from "''Phocaea''", or possibly probably from the Medieval Greek word for "''fire''", which is "''fotia''", as according to legend the original settlers of the 11th century AD were peasants, allegedly after having [miraculously] discovered there a panel portraying the Madonna Nicopeia, on which three flames burnt. The area had been settled since Neolithic times, and later on a Dauni, Daunian settlement known as Arpi (in Greek ''Argos Hippium'' or ''Ἀργόριππα'') existed ne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amedeo Mecozzi
Amedeo Mecozzi (17 January 1892 – 2 November 1971) was an Italian fighter ace of World War I, a general of the Italian and a military theorist credited as the founding father of the "Attack air force" doctrine, which made him a strong opponent to general Giulio Douhet's theories. Early life and World War I Amedeo Mecozzi was born on 17 January 1892 in Rome.Franks et al 1997, pp. 145–146. Mecozzi was orphaned when young, and raised by his grandparents.Varriale 2009, pp. 62–63. He joined the Italian Army as an engineer and spent a year as a volunteer in Somalia before applying for pilot's training in 1915. In June 1915, he began training at Malpensa on 2 September. January 1916 saw him qualifying on Farman Aviation Works, Maurice Farman 12 and Maurice Farman 14 machines. On 1 February 1916 he received his pilot's certificate. In March 1916 he began flying reconnaissance missions for ''45a Squadriglia'', at some hazard; he often brought home an airplane damaged by enemy fire. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guglielmo Fornagiari
'' Sergente Maggiore'' Guglielmo Fornagiari was an Italian World War I flying ace credited with six aerial victories. Biography Guglielmo Fornagiari was born in Lizzano in Belvedere, Kingdom of Italy, in 1892.Franks et al 1997, pp. 139-140. His life and military career are unknown before he was posted to a fighter squadron, ''78a Squadriglia'', on 3 September 1916. On 19 June 1917, he staked his first victory claim while flying a Nieuport 11. Eight days later, his takeoff was aborted by engine failure, and he crashlanded in a vineyard. He was unhurt, but two vineyard workers were killed and another pair injured. Despite this, he continued to fly and fight, and scored his first accredited aerial victory on 22 August 1917. He had been equipped with a Hanriot HD.1 by 8 October, when he staked his fourth claim. Fornagiari continued to score; on 26 December, he would share two victories, one with Masiero, for his fifth and sixth claims. He ended 1917 by receiving a second Silver Meda ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Silvio Scaroni
Tenente Silvio Scaroni (12 May 1893 – 16 February 1977) was an Italian World War I fighter pilot credited with 26 victories. He was the second ranking Italian ace of the war. Early service Silvio Scaroni joined the 2nd Field Artillery Regiment of the Italian Army as a corporal. He was serving with that unit when World War I avalanched through the rest of Europe. On 2 August 1914, Italy announced its neutrality as sides formed up for the conflict. Aerial reconnaissance service Scaroni transferred to the Corpo Aeronautico Militare in March 1915. He began training to fly Bleriots and Caudrons shortly before Italy entered the war on the side of the Triple Entente on 26 April 1915. In September 1915, Scaroni was assigned as a reconnaissance pilot with Squadriglia 4a. In January 1917, he was promoted to first lieutenant and assigned to Squadriglia 43a. Subsequently, he was reassigned to Squadriglia 86a, then to Squadriglia 76a as a fighter pilot. Service as a fighter pi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deutsche Flugzeug-Werke
Deutsche Flugzeug-Werke, usually known as DFW, was a German aircraft manufacturer of the early twentieth century. It was established by Bernhard Meyer and Erich Thiele at Lindenthal in 1910, and initially produced Farman designs under licence, later moving on to the Etrich Taube and eventually to its own designs. One of these, the DFW C.V reconnaissance aircraft, was produced to the extent of several thousand machines, including license production by other firms. When Bernhard Meyer died in April 1917, his son-in-law Kurt Herrmann became general director of DFW. After the end of the First World War, under the terms of the Treaty of Versailles The Treaty of Versailles was a peace treaty signed on 28 June 1919. As the most important treaty of World War I, it ended the state of war between Germany and most of the Allies of World War I, Allied Powers. It was signed in the Palace ..., the DFW had to cease operations by 18 December 1919. Plans to develop civil aircraft ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hanriot HD
Aéroplanes Hanriot et Cie. or simply 'Hanriot' was a French aircraft manufacturer with roots going back to the beginning of aviation. Founded by René Hanriot in 1910 as ''The Monoplans Hanriot Company Ltd.'', the company survived in different forms until 1916 when it established itself with the Hanriot-Dupont (HD.) fighters and observation aircraft. The company lasted through several takeovers and structural changes until, in 1936, it merged with Farman to become the Société Nationale de Constructions Aéronautiques du Centre (SNCAC). 'Central Air Works' consortium. Hanriot aeroplanes included pre-war monoplanes with boat-like fuselages, the HD.1 and 2 World War I biplane fighters, the HD.14 trainer, and the H.220 series of twin-engined heavy fighters that eventually evolved into the SNCAC 600 fighter just before World War II., The company's main bases of operations were Bétheny (a suburb of Reims) Boulogne-Billancourt, Carrières-sur-Seine and Bourges. History Re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albatros D
An albatross is one of a family of large winged seabirds. Albatross or Albatros may also refer to: Animals * Albatross (butterfly) or ''Appias'', a genus of butterfly * Albatross (horse) (1968–1998), a Standardbred horse Literature * Albatross Books, a German publishing house that produced the first modern mass market paperback books * Albatros Literaturpreis, a literary award * "L'albatros" (poem) ("The Albatross"), 1859 poem by Charles Baudelaire * ''The Albatross'' (novella), a 1971 novella by Susan Hill * ''The Albatross'', the fictional propeller-sustained airship in Jules Verne's novel '' Robur the Conqueror'' * ''Albatross'' (novel), a 2019 novel by Terry Fallis * ''Albatross'' (magazine), 1970s lesbian satirical magazine Film and television * Films Albatros, a French film production company which operated between 1922 and 1939 * ''Albatross'' (2011 film), a British film * ''Albatross'' (2015 film), an Icelandic film * ''Albatross'' (2022 film), an Ameri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Julius Kowalczik
Julius Kowalczik (1885-date unknown) was a Austro-Hungarian World War I flying ace credited with five aerial victories. Though he joined military service as the war began in 1914, he did not transfer to the Austro-Hungarian Aviation Troops until late 1915. Qualified as a fighter pilot in February 1916, he went into action in northern Italy the following month. He would score five aerial victories between 14 October 1916 and 29 June 1917. After surviving being shot down by Italian aces Antonio Amantea and Antonio Riva on 24 August 1917, Kowalczik was reassigned to instructor duty in January 1918. He survived the war, having won two Silver and two Gold Medals for Bravery. Biography Julius Kowalczik was born in 1885. Although he was born in Moravská Ostrava in the present-day Czech Republic, he was of Sudeten German heritage. He joined the Austro-Hungarian military as World War I began in 1914. In late 1915, he received a transfer to aerial service to train as a pilot. On 16 Feb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Austro-Hungarian
Austria-Hungary, also referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the Dual Monarchy or the Habsburg Monarchy, was a multi-national constitutional monarchy in Central Europe between 1867 and 1918. A military and diplomatic alliance, it consisted of two sovereign states with a single monarch who was titled both the Emperor of Austria and the King of Hungary. Austria-Hungary constituted the last phase in the constitutional evolution of the Habsburg monarchy: it was formed with the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 in the aftermath of the Austro-Prussian War, following wars of independence by Hungary in opposition to Habsburg rule. It was dissolved shortly after Hungary terminated the union with Austria in 1918 at the end of World War 1. One of Europe's major powers, Austria-Hungary was geographically the second-largest country in Europe (after Russia) and the third-most populous (after Russia and the German Empire), while being among the 10 most populous countries worldwide. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antonio Amantea
Sottotenente Antonio Amantea was a World War I flying ace credited with five aerial victories. He lived to become the last surviving Italian ace of the war.''The Aerodrome'' Retrieved on 31 May 2010. World War I service Amantea was working as an electrician when he was conscripted into Italian military in September 1914. He volunteered for aviation. A year later, on 1 September 1915, ''Sergente'' Amantea pinned on his wings. His first assignment was to fly artillery spotting missions in a on the . He flew 173 combat sorties over the next ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nieuport 11
The Nieuport 11 (or Nieuport XI C.1 in contemporary sources), nicknamed the ''Bébé'', is a French World War I single seat sesquiplane fighter aircraft, designed by Gustave Delage. It was the primary aircraft that ended the Fokker Scourge in 1916.Chant & Taylor 2007, p. 14. The type saw service with several of France's allies, and gave rise to the series of "vee-strut" Nieuport fighters that remained in service (latterly as trainers) into the 1920s. Design and development The Nieuport 11 was a new, slightly smaller aircraft based on the general configuration of the Nieuport 10, but designed specifically as a single-seat fighter. Like the "10", the "11" was a sesquiplane, a biplane with a full-sized top wing with two spars, and a lower wing of much narrower chord and a single spar. Interplane struts in the form of a "Vee" joined the upper and lower wings. The sesquiplane layout reduced drag and improved the rate of climb, as well as offering a better view from the cockpit th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
