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Antonio Bruti
Antonio Bruti (c. 1518 in Lezhë d. 1571 in Ulcinj) was an Albanian trader, agent, merchant and diplomat, part of the Bruti family, who worked for Venice in the cities of Ulcinj and Ragusa working with Venetian-Ottoman relations. Family background Bruti moved to Ulcinj in 1537 fleeing Ottomans. He had three sons; Bartolomeo, Benedetto and Jacomo. Bruti was married to Maria Bruni, of the Bruni family. Brutis brother, Antonio Bruni, was born in the 1550s. His son was Bartolomeo Bruti (1557-1591) who died in Moldavia from strangulation. Antonio Bruti was educated by the Jesuits. Career During his career, Bruti bargained with the Ottomans the grain necessary to feed Catholic Venice. The high costs of wheat caused "''extreme misery''" in the city of Venice forcing the governor of Budva to detain Antonios shipment of wheat. In 1560, Bruti sent a petition to Venice listing the services he had performed. He was Ulcinjs most prominent trader of grain. In 1537 Antonio Bruti commanded a mili ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bartolomeo Bruti
Bartolomeo Bruti, Barthélemy Bruto or Bartholomeo Brutti (b. 1557 – d. 1591) was an Albanian postelnic ''(chamberlain)'', diplomat, merchant, spy, agent, translator and a multilingual trader, part of the Bruti family from Lezhë, Venetian Albania. He worked for the Venetians, Philip II of Portugal, Habsburg Spain, the Queen of England, the Principality of Moldavia, Zygmund III Vasa and the Grand Vizier Sinan Pasha to whom he was related. He was the son of a cavalry captain in the Venetian employ. Bartolomeo Bruti married Maria de Pleba, a relative of the imperial Matthias del Faro. Their son, Antonio was born in 1578. In 1573 Bartolomeo Bruti, aged 16, sent a petition to Venice after having been trained in Istanbul to become a ''giovane de lingo'', or a Venetian agent. In 1575 he returned to Rome after having learned the Ottoman-Turkish language. Between 1574 and 1579, he worked for the Spanish on a mission to establish a truce in the Mediterranean between the two great po ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bruni Family
Bruni family was a Venetian-Albanian medieval family dating back to the 13th century in Shkodër The family fled when the city was occupied by the Ottomans. Part of the family was located in modern day Koper in Slovenia. Giovanni Bruni is mentioned as the archbishop of Ulcinj in 1581. He became the archbishop in 1551 and participated in the council of Trent in 1563. He died from the Spanish who boarded his ship and killed him after the Battle of Lepanto The Battle of Lepanto was a naval engagement that took place on 7 October 1571 when a fleet of the Holy League, a coalition of Catholic states (comprising Spain and its Italian territories, several independent Italian states, and the Sovere ... despite yelling ”''I am a Christian, I am a bishop''”. In 1537, Antonio II of the Bruti-family married with Maria of the Bruni family in Ulcinj. Gasparo Bruni is mentioned as the first knight of Malta, servant of Sultan Murad III. The family was ”trans-imperial subjects” wit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antonio Bruni (merchant)
Antonio Bruni (born c. 1550 – died 1598) was an Albanian commander and spy from Ulcinj, part of the Albanian Bruni family, in the 16th century. He was the uncle of Bartolomeo Bruti. Members of the family worked for the Venetians, the Papacy and the Ottomans. Ottoman conquest of the city forced Bruni eventually to flee to Venice where he was educated by the Jesuits in May 1572 in Rome and he was a doctorate in Avignon. He also worked for one of his cousins in Moldavia. Bruni's father was Gasparo Bruni, the first knight of Malta and the commander of the Papacys fleet during the Battle of Lepanto. In August 1591, Bruni returned to Koper and was elected as the overseer of the grain store. Petru Schiopul Petru Schipoul, Voivod of Moldavia, abandoned his throne and fled to Habsburg territory where he contacted Bruni in Koper in 1592, according to a letter which Bruni presented to the elected pope Clement VIII Pope Clement VIII ( la, Clemens VIII; it, Clemente VIII; 24 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lezhë
Lezhë (, sq-definite, Lezha) is a city in the Republic of Albania and seat of Lezhë County and Lezhë Municipality. One of the main strongholds of the Labeatai, the earliest of the fortification walls of Lezhë are of typical Illyrian construction and are dated to the late 4th century BC. Lezhë was one of the main centres of the Illyrian kingdom. During the conflicts with Macedon, it was captured by Philip V becoming the Macedonian outlet to the Adriatic Sea. The city was later recovered by the Illyrians. It was subjected to Rome after the Roman-Illyrian wars and the fall of Gentius' realm. Lezhë was the site of the League of Lezhë where Skanderbeg united the Albanian lords in the fight against the Ottoman Empire. Name The city is mentioned in ancient sources as ''Lissós'' (Ancient Greek: Λισσός) and ''Lissus'' (Latin: ''Lissus'', ''Lissum''). It is also attested in numismatic material. The ''ethnicon'' ΛΙΣΣΙΤΑΝ /LISSITAN/ is found on coin inscription ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ulcinj
Ulcinj ( cyrl, Улцињ, ; ) is a town on the southern coast of Montenegro and the capital of Ulcinj Municipality. It has an urban population of 10,707 (2011), the majority being Albanians. As one of the oldest settlements in the Adriatic coast, it was founded in 5th century BC. It was captured by the Romans in 163 BC from the Illyrians. With the division of the Roman Empire, it became part of the Byzantine Empire. It was known as a base for piracy. During the Middle Ages it was under South Slavic rule for a few centuries. In 1405 it became part of the Republic of Venice. In 1571 Ulcinj was conquered by the Ottoman Empire with the aid of North African corsairs after the Battle of Lepanto. The town was renamed ''Ülgün'' and gradually became a Muslim-majority settlement. Under the Ottomans, numerous oriental-style hammams, mosques, and clock towers were built. Ulcinj remained a den of piracy until this was finally put to an end by Mehmed Pasha Bushati. In 1673, the self-pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bruti Family
Bruti family (Italian: Brutus) was an Albanian medieval family which began with Marco Bruti born in 1285 who was the ''signore'' of Durrës Durrës ( , ; sq-definite, Durrësi) is the second most populous city of the Republic of Albania and seat of Durrës County and Durrës Municipality. It is located on a flat plain along the Albanian Adriatic Sea Coast between the mouths of the .... In 1361 he recognized Venetian rule in the city in return for defense against the Turkish conquest. The family hosted many soldiers and merchants. Antonio Bruti, (b. 1446), married Oria Kastrioti, cousin of Gjergj Kastrioti Skanderbeg. Antonio Bruti fled to Lezhë and fathered a son named Barnabi, born in 1479, who later married Gioia Capelichio, part of one of the oldest Albanian families. They had two children, Antonio II Bruti (1515–1571) and Marco Bruti. Antonio II stayed in Ulcinj and married Maria Bruni, the daughter of Matteo Bruni, the former feudal lord of Shkoder. Antonio II was execut ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) // CITED: p. 36 (PDF p. 38/338) also known as the Turkish Empire, was an empire that controlled much of Southeast Europe, Western Asia, and North Africa, Northern Africa between the 14th and early 20th centuries. It was founded at the end of the 13th century in northwestern Anatolia in the town of Söğüt (modern-day Bilecik Province) by the Turkoman (ethnonym), Turkoman tribal leader Osman I. After 1354, the Ottomans crossed into Europe and, with the Ottoman wars in Europe, conquest of the Balkans, the Ottoman Anatolian beyliks, beylik was transformed into a transcontinental empire. The Ottomans ended the Byzantine Empire with the Fall of Constantinople, conquest of Constantinople in 1453 by Mehmed the Conqueror. Under the reign of Sule ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andrea Morosini
The House of Morosini was a powerful Venetian noble family that gave many doges, statesmen, generals, and admirals to the Republic of Venice, as well as cardinals to the Church. History One legend says the family reached the Venetian lagoon in order to escape the invasion of Attila in northern Italy, and another source places the family’s origin namely in the city of Mantua. It first became prominent at the time of the emperor Otto II, 973–983, owing to its rivalry with the Caloprini family, which it subjugated by the end of the 10th century. Notable members * Blessed Giovanni Morosini ( –1012†), founder in 982 and first abbot of the Benedictine Monastery San Giorgio Maggiore on the island of the same name in Venice, Italy. * Domenico Morosini (died 1156), elected ''doge'' of Venice in 1148, waged war with success against the Dalmatian corsairs, recapturing Pola and other Istrian towns from them. * Tomasina Morosini (c. 1250-1300), mother of King Andrew III of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Noel Malcolm
Sir Noel Robert Malcolm, (born 26 December 1956) is an English political journalist, historian and academic. A King's Scholar at Eton College, Malcolm read history at Peterhouse, Cambridge, and received his doctorate in history from Trinity College, Cambridge. He was a Fellow and College Lecturer of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge, before becoming a political and foreign affairs journalist for ''The Spectator'' and the '' Daily Telegraph''. He stepped away from journalism in 1995 to become a writer and academic, being appointed as a Visiting Fellow of St Antony's College, Oxford, for two years. He became a Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature (FRSL) in 1997 and a Fellow of the British Academy (FBA) in 2001. Since 2002 he has been a senior research fellow of All Souls College, Oxford. He was knighted in the 2014 New Year Honours for services to scholarship, journalism, and European history. Early life and education Malcolm was born on 26 December 1956. He was educate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1518 Births
__NOTOC__ Year 1518 ( MDXVIII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Exceptions France In France, the year 1518 lasted from 4 April 1518 to 23 April 1519. Since Constantine (around year 325) and until the year 1565, the year was reckoned as beginning at Easter. For instance, the will of Leonardo da Vinci, drafted in Amboise on 23 April 1519, shows the legend "Given on the 23rd of April of 1518, before Easter". * See Wikisource "1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Easter" Events January–June * April 18 – The widowed Sigismund I the Old, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, marries Milanese noblewoman Bona Sforza in Wawel Cathedral and she is crowned as Queen consort of Poland. * May 26 – A transit of Venus occurs. July–December * July – Dancing plague of 1518: A case of dancing mania breaks out in Strasbourg, in which many people die from constant dancing. * August &n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1571 Deaths
Year 1571 ( MDLXXI) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–June * January 11 – The Austrian nobility are granted freedom of religion. * January 23 – The Royal Exchange opens in London, England. * c. February 4– 9 – The Spanish Jesuit missionaries of the Ajacán Mission, established on the Virginia Peninsula of North America in 1570, are massacred by local Native Americans. * March 18 – The Order of the Knights of Saint John transfers the capital of Malta, from Birgu to Valletta. * May 24 – Moscow is burnt by the Crimean army, under Devlet I Giray. * June 3 – Following the Battle of Bangkusay Channel, the conquest of the Kingdom of Maynila is complete, Spanish Conquistador Miguel López de Legazpi makes Manila a city, and the capital of the Philippines. * June 25 – Queen Elizabeth's Grammar School, Horncastle, is founded in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Republic Of Venice People Of The Ottoman–Venetian Wars
A republic () is a "state in which power rests with the people or their representatives; specifically a state without a monarchy" and also a "government, or system of government, of such a state." Previously, especially in the 17th and 18th centuries, the term was used to imply a state with a democratic or representative constitution (constitutional republic), but more recently it has also been used of autocratic or dictatorial states not ruled by a monarch. It is now chiefly used to denote any non-monarchical state headed by an elected or appointed president. , 159 of the world's 206 sovereign states use the word "republic" as part of their official names. Not all of these are republics in the sense of having elected governments, nor is the word "republic" used in the names of all states with elected governments. The word ''republic'' comes from the Latin term ''res publica'', which literally means "public thing", "public matter", or "public affair" and was used to refer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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