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Anti-nuclear Movement In Australia
Nuclear weapons testing, uranium mining and export, and nuclear power have often been the subject of public debate in Australia, and the anti-nuclear movement in Australia has a long history. Its origins date back to the 1972–1973 debate over French nuclear testing in the Pacific and the 1976–1977 debate about uranium mining in Australia.Koutsoukis, Jason (25 November 2007)Rudd romps to historic win ''The Age''. Retrieved 15 December 2010. Several groups specifically concerned with nuclear issues were established in the mid-1970s, including the Movement Against Uranium Mining and Campaign Against Nuclear Energy (CANE), cooperating with other environmental groups such as Friends of the Earth and the Australian Conservation Foundation.McLeod, Roy (1995). "Resistance to Nuclear Technology: Optimists, Opportunists and Opposition in Australian Nuclear History" in Martin Bauer (ed) ''Resistance to New Technology'', Cambridge University Press, pp. 171–173. The movement suffere ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Radium Hill 1954
Radium is a chemical element; it has symbol Ra and atomic number 88. It is the sixth element in group 2 of the periodic table, also known as the alkaline earth metals. Pure radium is silvery-white, but it readily reacts with nitrogen (rather than oxygen) upon exposure to air, forming a black surface layer of radium nitride (Ra3N2). All isotopes of radium are radioactive, the most stable isotope being radium-226 with a half-life of 1,600 years. When radium decays, it emits ionizing radiation as a by-product, which can excite fluorescent chemicals and cause radioluminescence. For this property, it was widely used in self-luminous paints following its discovery. Of the radioactive elements that occur in quantity, radium is considered particularly toxic, and it is carcinogenic due to the radioactivity of both it and its immediate decay product radon as well as its tendency to accumulate in the bones. Radium, in the form of radium chloride, was discovered by Marie an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Open Pit
Open-pit mining, also known as open-cast or open-cut mining and in larger contexts mega-mining, is a surface mining technique that extracts rock or minerals from the earth. Open-pit mines are used when deposits of commercially useful ore or rocks are found near the surface where the overburden is relatively thin. In contrast, deeper mineral deposits can be reached using underground mining. Open-pit mining is considered one of the most dangerous sectors in the industrial world. It causes significant effects to miners' health, as well as damage to the ecological land and water. Open-pit mining causes changes to vegetation, soil, and bedrock, which ultimately contributes to changes in surface hydrology, groundwater levels, and flow paths. Additionally, open-pit produces harmful pollutants depending on the type of mineral being mined, and the type of mining process being used. Extraction Miners typically drill a series of test holes to locate an underground ore body. From ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Court Of Justice
The International Court of Justice (ICJ; , CIJ), or colloquially the World Court, is the only international court that Adjudication, adjudicates general disputes between nations, and gives advisory opinions on International law, international legal issues as interpretation of international treaties, borders disputes and human rights cases. It is one of the United Nations System#Six principal organs, six organs of the United Nations (UN), and is located in The Hague, Netherlands. The ability to file a case before the ICJ is limited exclusively to recognized governments of states. The ICJ is the successor of the Permanent Court of International Justice (PCIJ), which was established in 1920 by the League of Nations. After the World War II, Second World War, the League and the PCIJ were replaced by the United Nations and ICJ, respectively. The Statute of the ICJ, which sets forth its purpose and structure, draws heavily from that of its predecessor, whose decisions remain valid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ranger Uranium Mine In Kakadu National Park
A ranger is typically someone in a law enforcement or military/paramilitary role specializing in patrolling a given territory, called "ranging" or "scouting". The term most often refers to: * Park ranger or forest ranger, a person charged with protecting and preserving protected parklands and forests. ** National Park Service ranger, an employee of the National Park Service ** U.S. Forest Service ranger, an employee of the United States Forest Service ** Ranger of Windsor Great Park, a ceremonial office of the United Kingdom ** Includes the Keepers of Epping Forest who are charged to Range about the Forest in their duties. Ranger or Rangers may also refer to: Arts and entertainment Publications * Ranger's Apprentice, a series of novels by John Flanagan * ''Ranger Rick'', a children's nature magazine published by the United States National Wildlife Federation * ''Ranger'' (magazine), a former British comic magazine Fictional entities * Rangers (comics), a Marvel Comics superher ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
EZ Industries
EZ Industries, formerly the Electrolytic Zinc Company, was a zinc miner and refiner in Australia. History EZ Industries was established in 1916 by Amalgamated Zinc as the Electrolytic Zinc Company to operate the Risdon Zinc Works on the banks of the Derwent River in Risdon, Tasmania. It was renamed EZ Industries in February 1957. In 1967, EZ purchased the Emu Bay Railway. In February 1983, EZ opened the Elura Mine near Cobar, New South Wales. It built a 45 kilometre railway line to connect with the Main Western railway line to move zinc to Newcastle for shipping to Risdon. In 1984, EZ was taken over by North Broken Hill Peko. EZ owned a 31% stake in the Ranger Uranium Mine through its Energy Resources of Australia Energy Resources of Australia Ltd () is a public company based in Australia. It is a subsidiary of the Rio Tinto Group which as of 2021 owns 86.3% of the company. The remainder is publicly held and traded on the Australian Securities Exchange. The ... shareho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peko-Wallsend
Peko-Wallsend was an Australian mining company. History Peko-Wallsend was founded in 1961 when Peko Mines merged with Wallsend Investments. In 1962 Peko-Wallsend purchased Toll Transport. In January 1968, Peko-Wallsend acquired a majority shareholding in the Mount Morgan Mine. In May 1979, Sims Metal was acquired. In December 1979, Peko-Wallsend acquired a 25% stake in the Ranger Uranium Mine. In 1986, Toll Transport was sold in a management buyout to Paul Little and Peter Rowsthorn. In 1988 Peko Wallsend was taken over by North Limited. North Limited
North Limited was a diversified mining and resources company. Although based in Australia, ...
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Sydney
Sydney is the capital city of the States and territories of Australia, state of New South Wales and the List of cities in Australia by population, most populous city in Australia. Located on Australia's east coast, the metropolis surrounds Sydney Harbour and extends about 80 km (50 mi) from the Pacific Ocean in the east to the Blue Mountains (New South Wales), Blue Mountains in the west, and about 80 km (50 mi) from Ku-ring-gai Chase National Park and the Hawkesbury River in the north and north-west, to the Royal National Park and Macarthur, New South Wales, Macarthur in the south and south-west. Greater Sydney consists of 658 suburbs, spread across 33 local government areas. Residents of the city are colloquially known as "Sydneysiders". The estimated population in June 2024 was 5,557,233, which is about 66% of the state's population. Estimated resident population, 30 June 2017. The city's nicknames include the Emerald City and the Harbour City. There is ev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jervis Bay Nuclear Power Plant
The Jervis Bay Nuclear Power Plant was a proposed nuclear power reactor in the Jervis Bay Territory, an Australian federal territory adjoining the South Coast of the state of New South Wales. It would have been Australia's first nuclear power station, and is the only proposal to have reached the design and construction stages . Some environmental studies and site works were completed, and two rounds of tenders were called and evaluated, but the Australian Government decided not to proceed with the project, owing to the perceived cost, and to the discovery of new coal and hydrocarbon resources. Background to the project In 1969, the Australian government proposed to the New South Wales government that a 500 MWe nuclear power station should be built on Commonwealth territory and connected to the New South Wales grid, with electricity generation and distribution being a state responsibility under the Australian constitution. Possible sites were the Australian Capital Territor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty
The Partial Test Ban Treaty (PTBT), formally known as the 1963 Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapon Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space and Under Water, prohibited all nuclear weapons testing, test detonations of nuclear weapons except for those conducted underground nuclear weapons testing, underground. It is also abbreviated as the Limited Test Ban Treaty (LTBT) and Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (NTBT), though the latter may also refer to the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT), which succeeded the PTBT for ratifying parties. Negotiations initially focused on a comprehensive ban, but that was abandoned because of technical questions surrounding the detection of underground tests and Soviet concerns over the intrusiveness of proposed verification methods. The impetus for the test ban was provided by rising public anxiety over the magnitude of nuclear tests, particularly tests of new thermonuclear weapons (hydrogen bombs), and the resulting nuclear fallout. A test ban was also se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liberal Party Of Australia
The Liberal Party of Australia (LP) is the prominent centre-right political party in Australia. It is considered one of the two major parties in Australian politics, the other being the Australian Labor Party (ALP). The Liberal Party was founded in 1944 as the successor to the United Australia Party. Historically the most electorally successful party in Australia's history, the Liberal Party is now in opposition at a federal level, although it presently holds government in the Northern Territory, Queensland and Tasmania at a sub-national level. The Liberal Party is the largest partner in a centre-right grouping known in Australian politics as the Coalition, accompanied by the regional-based National Party, which is typically focussed on issues pertinent to regional Australia. The Liberal Party last governed Australia, in coalition with the Nationals, between 2013 and 2022, forming the Abbott (2013–2015), Turnbull (2015–2018) and Morrison (2018–2022) governments ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rum Jungle, Northern Territory
Rum Jungle or Unrungkoolpum is a locality in the Northern Territory of Australia, about 105 kilometres south of Darwin, Northern Territory, Darwin on the East Branch of the Finniss River (Northern Territory), Finniss River. It is 10 kilometres west of Batchelor, Northern Territory, Batchelor and shares a boundary with Litchfield National Park. The joint traditional owners of this area are the Kungarakany, Kungarakan and Awarai, Warai peoples, and their rights to the land are recognised in the Finnis River Land Claim, which was granted in May 1981. The European name for this area derives from an incident in March 1873 when miners from the nearby John Bull goldmine met a bullocky, teamster who was carting stores between Southport, Northern Territory, Southport and Pine Creek, Northern Territory, Pine Creek. The teamster tapped a cask of rum that he was carrying and shared it with locals. After waking up from the effects of the teamster's hospitality, they found that he had st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
