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Anti-Bolshevik League Incident
The Anti-Bolshevik League incident, or AB League Incident (''AB tuan shijian'', AB 团事件), was a period of political purge in the territory of a Chinese Communist revolutionary base in Jiangxi province. Mao Zedong accused his political rivals of belonging to the Kuomintang intelligence agency "Anti-Bolshevik League". Mao's political purge resulted in killings at Futian and elsewhere, and the trial and execution of Red Army officers and soldiers. The campaign was characterised by summary executions, torture and mass arrests. The purges are widely considered a key step in Mao's consolidating of political and personal power within the Party. Background and Origins One account says that in December 1926, the Kuomintang in Jiangxi created a counter-intelligence organization, known as Anti-Bolshevik League, to deal with the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and emergent state of civil war. The league supposedly consisted of handful of people and was dissolved following the April Secon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communist Party Of China
The Communist Party of China (CPC), also translated into English as Chinese Communist Party (CCP), is the founding and One-party state, sole ruling party of the People's Republic of China (PRC). Founded in 1921, the CCP emerged victorious in the Chinese Civil War against the Kuomintang and Proclamation of the People's Republic of China, proclaimed the establishment of the PRC under the leadership of Mao Zedong in October 1949. Since then, the CCP has governed China and has had sole control over the People's Liberation Army (PLA). , the CCP has more than 99 million members, making it the List of largest political parties, second largest political party by membership in the world. In 1921, Chen Duxiu and Li Dazhao led the founding of the CCP with the help of the Far Eastern Bureau of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks) and Far Eastern Bureau of the Communist International. Although the CCP aligned with the Kuomintang (KMT) during its initia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xiang Ying
Xiang Ying (; 1895(?) – 1941) was a war-time Chinese communist leader and an early founding member of the Chinese Communist Party who reached the rank of political chief of staff of the New Fourth Army during World War II until his assassination by a member of his staff in 1941 during the Second Sino-Japanese War, Sino-Japanese War. Biography Initially a labor organizer, he joined the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in Wuhan in 1921. He continued to work in labour actions and helped lead the famous Beijing–Hankou railway#Railway workers' strike, Beijing–Hankou railway workers' strike in February 1923. He went on to serve in the CCP political and military leadership during the Chinese Civil War, civil war between the Nationalists (Kuomintang) and the CCP. He held high office during the CCP's Jiangxi Soviet period (1931–1934). In October 1934, at the beginning of the Long March, Xiang stayed behind to fight a rearguard action that would allow the marchers to get out of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Persecution Of Christians
The persecution of Christians can be historically traced from the first century of the Christian era to the present day. Christian missionaries and converts to Christianity have both been targeted for persecution, sometimes to the point of being martyred for their faith, ever since the emergence of Christianity. Early Christians were persecuted at the hands of both Jews, from whose religion Christianity arose, and the Romans who controlled many of the early centers of Christianity in the Roman Empire. Since the emergence of Christian states in Late Antiquity, Christians have also been persecuted by other Christians due to differences in doctrine which have been declared heretical. Early in the fourth century, the empire's official persecutions were ended by the Edict of Serdica in 311 and the practice of Christianity legalized by the Edict of Milan in 312. By the year 380, Christians had begun to persecute each other. The schisms of late antiquity and the Middle Ag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Political And Cultural Purges
Politics () is the set of activities that are associated with making decisions in groups, or other forms of power relations among individuals, such as the distribution of status or resources. The branch of social science that studies politics and government is referred to as political science. Politics may be used positively in the context of a "political solution" which is compromising and non-violent, or descriptively as "the art or science of government", but the word often also carries a negative connotation.. The concept has been defined in various ways, and different approaches have fundamentally differing views on whether it should be used extensively or in a limited way, empirically or normatively, and on whether conflict or co-operation is more essential to it. A variety of methods are deployed in politics, which include promoting one's own political views among people, negotiation with other political subjects, making laws, and exercising internal and external for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1930 In China
Events from the year 1930 in China. Incumbents *Chairman of the Nationalist government: Chiang Kai-shek *Premier: **until September 22: Tan Yankai **September 25 – December 4: T.V. Soong ** starting December 4: Chiang Kai-shek * Vice Premier: Feng Yuxiang until October 11, T.V. Soong Events *January 29 – March 24 — Encirclement Campaign against Hunan–Jiangxi Soviet *March 2 — The League of the Left-Wing Writers was established in Shanghai, at the instigation of the Chinese Communist Party and the influence of the celebrated author Lu Xun. *May – November 4 — Central Plains War *May 6 — China signed tariff treaties with Japan. The Republic of China government obtained itself right of tariff autonomy. Some Japanese goods do not need to pay tariffs. *October 27 – December 1 — Musha Incident in Taiwan. *December — Futian incident Births January *January 1 — Sihung Lung, Taiwanese actor of Manchu descent (d. 2002) *January 19 — Li Daozeng, arch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1989 Tiananmen Square Protests And Massacre
The Tiananmen Square protests, known within China as the June Fourth Incident, were student-led demonstrations held in Tiananmen Square in Beijing, China, lasting from 15 April to 4 June 1989. After weeks of unsuccessful attempts between the demonstrators and the Chinese government to find a peaceful resolution, the Chinese government deployed troops to occupy the square on the night of 3 June in what is referred to as the Tiananmen Square massacre. The events are sometimes called the '89 Democracy Movement, the Tiananmen Square Incident, or the Tiananmen uprising. The protests were precipitated by the death of pro-reform Chinese Communist Party (CCP) general secretary Hu Yaobang in April 1989 amid the backdrop of rapid economic development and social change in post-Mao China, reflecting anxieties among the people and political elite about the country's future. The reforms of the 1980s had led to a nascent market economy that benefited some people but seriously disadv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yang Shangkun
Yang Shangkun (3 August 1907 – 14 September 1998) was a Chinese Chinese Communist Party, Communist military and political leader, president of the People's Republic of China from 1988 to 1993, and one of the Eight Elders that dominated the party after the death of Mao Zedong.Yang Shangkun (Yang Shang-kun) (1907-1998) in ''China at war: an Encyclopedia'', edited by Xiaobing Li, pp. 512–514, ABC-CLIO, 2012. Born to a prosperous land-owning family, Yang studied politics at Shanghai University and Marxism, Marxist philosophy and revolutionary tactics at Moscow Sun Yat-sen University. He went on to hold high office under both Mao Zedong and later Deng Xiaoping; from 1945 to 1965 he was Director of the General Office of the Chinese Communist Party, General Office and from 1945 to 1956 Secretary–General of the Central Military Commission (China), Central Military Commission (CMC). In these positions, Yang oversaw much of the day-to-day running of government and Party affairs, both ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gao Hua
Gao Hua (May 12, 1954 — December 26, 2011) was a history professor at Nanjing University. He was known for his research into the Chinese Communist Party (CCP)'s history, notably his book '' How the Red Sun Rose''. Early life In 1954, Gao Hua was born in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China. Both of his parents were not intellectuals. Gao Hua's father, Gao Qifa, came from a poor family and started working as a child laborer in an electroplating factory at a young age. With the support of his uncle, Gao Qifa managed to complete junior high school and later joined the underground CCP. In 1949, he served as an acting section chief in the Nanjing Military Control Committee. After 1949, due to changes in the political environment, former underground CPC members in Nanjing faced political purges. In 1954, Gao Qifa was expelled from the CPC. In 1958, his family faced discrimination as he was labeled as a rightist during the Anti-Rightist Campaign. During the Cultural Revolution, Gao Qi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ren Bishi
Ren Bishi (; 30 April 1904 – 27 October 1950) was a military and political leader in the early Chinese Communist Party (CCP). In the early 1930s, Ren commanded the Fifth Red Army and was a central figure in the Hunan-Jiangxi Soviet, but he was forced to abandon his base after being pressured by Chiang Kai-shek's Fifth encirclement campaign against the Jiangxi Soviet, Fifth Encirclement Campaigns. In October 1934 Ren and his surviving troops joined the forces of He Long, who had set up a base in Guizhou. In the command structure of the new Second Front Army, He became the military commander and Ren served as its political commissar. Under threat from advancing Kuomintang troops, Ren and He were forced to retreat and went on to participate in the Long March in 1935. During the Second Sino-Japanese War, Ren was the representative of the CCP at the Communist International and the Secretary of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. Ren was considered a rising figur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Far Eastern Bureau Of The Communist International
The Far Eastern Bureau of the Communist International was an organ of the Communist International established in 1921 to develop their political influence in the Far East. The name was used in subsequent years, but the continuity of the organisation cannot be proven. The organisation was originally founded as the Far Eastern Bureau of the Russian Communist Party, when the central committee of that organisation sent Vladimir Vilensky-Sibiryakov to Siberia as plenipotentiary for Far Eastern Affairs. Grigori Voitinsky was soon sent to the Republic of China, where he supported the foundation of the Chinese Communist Party. See also * :zh:共产国际与中国#远东局 * Pan-Pacific Trade Union Secretariat * Communist University of the Toilers of the East * Moscow Sun Yat-sen University Moscow Sun Yat-sen University, officially the Sun Yat-sen Communist University of the Toilers of China, was a Comintern school which operated from 1925 to 1930 in the city of Moscow, Russia, then ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pavel Mif
Mikhail Alexandrovich Fortus (3 August 1901 – 10 September 1939), known under the pseudonym Pavel Mif, was an academic and specialist in Asian political policy to the government of the Soviet Union under Josef Stalin. He was born in the Kherson Governorate, Kherson area to a family of Jewish descent. He joined the Bolsheviks, Bolshevik party in May 1917 and served as a political commissar in the Russian Civil War, Russian civil war (1918–20). He studied history at Sverdlov Communist University from 1920 to 1921 and worked for the communist party in Ukraine from 1923 until 1925, when he became Academic ranks in Russia, provost of Moscow Sun Yat-sen University under Karl Radek, rising to its rector in 1927. Pavel Mif was a member of the Executive Council of Comintern and its representative for China, in which capacity he attended the 5th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party, 5th and 6th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party in 1927 and 1928 respectiv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Politburo Standing Committee Of The Chinese Communist Party
The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC), officially the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, is a committee consisting of the top leadership of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the state, as its members concurrently hold the most senior positions within the state council. Historically it has been composed of five to eleven members, and currently has seven members. Its officially mandated purpose is to conduct policy discussions and make decisions on major issues when the Politburo, a larger decision-making body, is not in session. According to the party's constitution, the General Secretary of the Central Committee must also be a member of the Politburo Standing Committee. According to the party's Constitution, the party's Central Committee elects the Politburo Standing Committee. In practice, however, this is only a formality. The method by which membership is determined has evolved over time. In turn, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
