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Anne Erroll
Anne Drummond, Countess of Erroll (5 January 1656 – c. 1719) was a Scottish Jacobite conspirator and naturalist. She contributed to reference books on the history and fauna of Scotland and used her home, New Slains Castle, to oversee communications between Scotland and France about the Jacobite effort to instate James Francis Edward Stuart, James Frances Edward Stuart as king. Family She was born Anne Drummond, youngest child of Earl of Perth, James Drummond, 3rd Earl of Perth, and his wife Lady Anne Drummond, who died as a result of the childbirth. Her brothers were James Drummond, 4th Earl of Perth, James Drummond, Lord Chancellor of Scotland under King James VII (also James II of England, James II of England), and John Drummond, 1st Earl of Melfort, John Drummond, his Secretary of Estate. On 1 October 1674 she married John Hay, 12th Earl of Erroll, John Hay, becoming Anne Hay, countess of Erroll, when her husband succeeded as the 12th earl of Erroll that year. She was referre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dictionnaire Historique Et Critique
The ''Dictionnaire Historique et Critique'' (; ) was a French biographical dictionary written by Pierre Bayle (1647–1706), a Huguenot philosopher who lived and published in Rotterdam, in the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands, after fleeing his native France due to religious persecution. In 1689, Bayle began making notes on errors and omissions in Louis Moreri's '' Grand Dictionaire historique'' (1674), a previous encyclopedia, and these notes ultimately developed into his own ''Dictionnaire''. Bayle used the dictionary to provide evidence of the irrationality of Christianity, to promote his views about religious tolerance, and his anti-authoritarian views on the topic of faith. The dictionary influenced the thinkers of the Age of Enlightenment, in particular Denis Diderot and the other Encyclopédistes. Publication history The first edition of Bayle's dictionary, published in 1697, comprised two volumes, each with two parts, so that it appeared as four physical books ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fin Whale
The fin whale (''Balaenoptera physalus''), also known as the finback whale or common rorqual, is a species of baleen whale and the second-longest cetacean after the blue whale. The biggest individual reportedly measured in length, with a maximum recorded weight of . The fin whale's body is long, slender and brownish-gray in color, with a paler underside to appear less conspicuous from below (countershading). At least two recognized subspecies exist, one in the North Atlantic and one across the Southern Hemisphere. It is found in all the major oceans, from polar to tropical waters, though it is absent only from waters close to the pack ice at the poles and relatively small areas of water away from the open ocean. The highest population density occurs in temperate and cool waters. Its prey mainly consists of smaller schooling fish, small squid, or crustaceans, including copepods and krill. Mating takes place in temperate, low-latitude seas during the win ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
17th-century Scottish Scientists
The 17th century lasted from January 1, 1601 (represented by the Roman numerals MDCI), to December 31, 1700 (MDCC). It falls into the early modern period of Europe and in that continent (whose impact on the world was increasing) was characterized by the Baroque cultural movement, the latter part of the Spanish Golden Age, the Dutch Golden Age, the French ''Grand Siècle'' dominated by Louis XIV, the Scientific Revolution, the world's first public company and megacorporation known as the Dutch East India Company, and according to some historians, the General Crisis. From the mid-17th century, European politics were increasingly dominated by the Kingdom of France of Louis XIV, where royal power was solidified domestically in the civil war of the Fronde. The semi-feudal territorial French nobility was weakened and subjugated to the power of an absolute monarchy through the reinvention of the Palace of Versailles from a hunting lodge to a gilded prison, in which a greatly expanded r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scottish Countesses
Scottish usually refers to something of, from, or related to Scotland, including: *Scottish Gaelic, a Celtic Goidelic language of the Indo-European language family native to Scotland *Scottish English *Scottish national identity, the Scottish identity and common culture *Scottish people, a nation and ethnic group native to Scotland * Scots language, a West Germanic language spoken in lowland Scotland * Symphony No. 3 (Mendelssohn), a symphony by Felix Mendelssohn known as ''the Scottish'' See also *Scotch (other) *Scotland (other) *Scots (other) *Scottian (other) *Schottische The schottische is a partnered country dance that apparently originated in Bohemia. It was popular in Victorian-era ballrooms as a part of the Bohemian folk-dance craze and left its traces in folk music of countries such as Argentina (Spanish ... * {{disambiguation Language and nationality disambiguation pages ca:Escocès ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1656 Births
Events January–March * January 5 – The First War of Villmergen, a civil war in the Confederation of Switzerland pitting its Protestant and Roman Catholic cantons against each other, breaks out but is resolved by March 7. The Lutheran cantons of the larger cities of Zurich, Bern and Schaffhausen battle against seven Catholic cantons of Lucerne, Schwyz, Uri, Zug, Baden Unterwalden (now Obwalden and Nidwalden) and St. Gallen. * January 17 – The Treaty of Königsberg is signed, establishing an alliance between Charles X Gustav of Sweden and Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg. * January 24 – The first Jewish doctor in the Thirteen Colonies of America, Jacob Lumbrozo, arrives in Maryland. * January 20 – Reinforced by soldiers dispatched by the Viceroy of Peru, Spanish Chilean troops defeat the indigenous Mapuche warriors in a battle at San Fabián de Conuco in what is now central Chile, turning the tide in the Spanish colonists fa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Galleries Of Scotland
The National Galleries of Scotland (, sometimes also known as National Galleries Scotland) is the executive non-departmental public body that controls the three national galleries of Scotland and two partner galleries, forming one of the National Collections of Scotland. The purpose of National Galleries Scotland (NGS) was set out by an Act of Parliament in the UK, Act of Parliament in the National Galleries of Scotland Act 1906, amended by the National Heritage (Scotland) Act 1985. Its role is to manage the National Galleries of Scotland, care for, preserve and add to the objects in its collections, exhibit artworks to the public and to promote education and public enjoyment and understanding of the Fine Arts. It is governed by a board of trustees who are appointed by ministers of the Scottish Government. History The National Gallery of Scotland (now called the Scottish National Gallery, National) was opened to the public in 1859. Located on The Mound in the centre of Scotlan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peter Lely
Sir Peter Lely (14 September 1618 – 30 November 1680) was a painter of Dutch origin whose career was nearly all spent in England, where he became the dominant portrait painter to the court. He became a naturalised British subject and was knighted in 1679. Life Lely was born Pieter van der Faes to Dutch parents in Soest, Germany, Soest in Westphalia, where his father was an officer serving in the armed forces of the List of rulers of Brandenburg, Elector of Brandenburg. Lely studied painting in Haarlem, where he may have been apprenticed to Pieter de Grebber. He became a master of the Guild of Saint Luke in Haarlem in 1637. He is reputed to have adopted the surname "Lely" (also occasionally spelled Lily (name), Lilly) from a heraldry, heraldic lilium, lily on the gable of the house where his father was born in The Hague. He arrived in London in around 1643, His early English paintings, mainly mythological or religious scenes, or portraits set in a pastoral landscape, show ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Planned French Invasion Of Britain (1708)
The Planned French Invasion of Britain, took place in March 1708 during the War of the Spanish Succession. Hoping to divert British resources from Flanders, a French Navy expedition was ordered to transport 5,000–6,000 soldiers to northeast Scotland. Once landed, they would help local Jacobites restore James Francis Edward Stuart to the throne of Great Britain. Using a fleet of fast privateers, its commander Claude de Forbin reached Scotland. However, with the Royal Navy in close pursuit, the troops were unable to disembark and he was forced to return home. Lack of French support meant substantive local backing failed to materialise, and the Scottish Jacobites dispersed without significant military action. Background Under the 1697 Treaty of Ryswick, Louis XIV of France recognised William III as king of England and Scotland, instead of the exiled James II, who had been deposed by the 1688 Glorious Revolution. The War of the Spanish Succession began in July 1701, and when Jam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nathaniel Hooke (Jacobite)
Nathaniel Hooke (1664–1738) was a Franco-Irish Jacobite soldier, diplomatic envoy for the King of France and a Baron in the Jacobite Peerage of Ireland (as Baron Hooke of Hooke Castle, ''cr.'' 1708). Early life Born at Corballis in County Meath, he was the third son of John Hooke, of Drogheda and grandson of Alderman Thomas Hooke, of Dublin; his eldest brother was Judge John Hooke (1655–1712). Hooke received his early education at Kilkenny College. In 1679, he entered Trinity College, Dublin but he left almost immediately, possibly on account of contention with non-conformist religious opinions. He went to Glasgow University in 1680, before being admitted a sizar at Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge on 6 July 1681. Monmouth's rebellion Hooke left Cambridge University as he had Glasgow, without obtaining a degree. He went abroad to join Archibald, Earl of Argyll's forces in Holland. In 1685, he landed with the Duke of Monmouth at Lyme Regis, acting in the guise of his " pe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mary Of Modena
Mary of Modena (; ) was List of English royal consorts, Queen of England, List of Scottish royal consorts, Scotland and Ireland as the second wife of James VII and II. A devout Catholic, Roman Catholic, Mary married the widower James, who was then the younger brother and heir presumptive of Charles II of England, Charles II. She was devoted to James and their children, two of whom survived to adulthood: the Jacobitism, Jacobite claimant to the thrones, James Francis Edward, and Louisa Maria Teresa. Born a princess of the northwestern Italian Duchy of Modena, Mary is primarily remembered for the controversial birth of Prince James Francis Edward, her only surviving son. It was widely rumoured that he was smuggled into the birth chamber in a warming pan in order to perpetuate her husband's Roman Catholic Stuart dynasty. James Francis Edward's birth was a contributing factor to the "Glorious Revolution", the revolution which deposed James II and VII, and replaced him with Mary II, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
