|
Anna Nellens
Anna Nellens (1871–1926), also known by her nom de guerre Bella, was a Flemish people, Flemish revolutionary, Anarchism, anarchist, and Armenian national movement, activist for the Armenian cause. Together with her husband, Edward Joris, she joined the Armenian Revolutionary Federation (ARF) in its plot to assassinate Sultan Abdul Hamid II, the main figure responsible for the Hamidian massacres, which claimed the lives of 100,000 to 300,000 Armenians. After participating in organizing the Abdul Hamid II assassination attempt in Yıldız, she managed to escape from the Ottoman Empire. Nellens later settled in Geneva, where she was rejected by the city's Armenian community and lived in significant poverty until the ARF provided financial support, allowing her to open a boarding house. Following Edward Joris's release in 1907, she returned to Antwerp, where the couple purchased and managed a bookstore until Joris went into exile in the Netherlands. Nellens then took over the manageme ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flemish People
Flemish people or Flemings ( ) are a Germanic peoples, Germanic ethnic group native to Flanders, Belgium, who speak Flemish Dutch. Flemish people make up the majority of Belgians, at about 60%. ''Flemish'' was historically a geographical term, as all inhabitants of the medieval County of Flanders in modern-day Belgium, France and the Netherlands were referred to as "Flemings" irrespective of their ethnicity or language. The contemporary region of Flanders comprises a part of this historical county, as well as parts of the medieval Duchy of Brabant and the medieval County of Loon, where the modern national identity and Flemish culture, culture gradually formed. History The sense of "Flemish" identity increased significantly after the Belgian Revolution. Prior to this, the term "" in the Dutch language was in first place used for the inhabitants of the former County of Flanders. Flemish, however, had been used since the 14th century to refer to the language and dialects of both ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taner Akçam
Altuğ Taner Akçam (born 1953) is a Turkish-German historian and sociologist. During the 1990s, he was the first Turkish scholar to acknowledge the Armenian genocide, and has written several books on the genocide, such as '' A Shameful Act'' (1999), ''From Empire to Republic: Turkish Nationalism and the Armenian Genocide'' (2004), '' The Young Turks' Crime Against Humanity'' (2012), and '' Killing Orders'' (2018). He is recognized as a "leading international authority" on the subject.David Holthouse, ''Southern Poverty Law Center''State of Denial: Turkey Spends Millions to Cover Up Armenian Genocide Intelligence Report, Summer 2008 Akçam's frequent participation in public debates on the legacy of the genocide have been compared to Theodor Adorno's role in postwar Germany. Akçam argues for an attempt to reconcile the differing Armenian and Turkish narratives of the genocide, and to move away from the behaviour which uses those narratives to support national stereotypes, sayin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caucasus
The Caucasus () or Caucasia (), is a region spanning Eastern Europe and Western Asia. It is situated between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea, comprising parts of Southern Russia, Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan. The Caucasus Mountains, including the Greater Caucasus range, have conventionally been considered as a natural barrier between Europe and Asia, bisecting the Eurasian landmass. Mount Elbrus, Europe's highest mountain, is situated in the Western Caucasus area of Russia. On the southern side, the Lesser Caucasus includes the Javakheti Plateau and the Armenian highlands. The Caucasus is divided into the North Caucasus and South Caucasus, although the Western Caucasus also exists as a distinct geographic space within the North Caucasus. The Greater Caucasus mountain range in the north is mostly shared by Russia and Georgia as well as the northernmost parts of Azerbaijan. The Lesser Caucasus mountain range in the south is mostly located on the territory of sout ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christapor Mikaelian
Christapor Mikaelian (; 18 October 1859 – 17 March 1905) was an Armenians, Armenian revolutionary who played a leading role in the Armenian national liberation movement. Born in Nakhichevan uezd, Nakhichevan, he became a teacher and worked to educate migrant workers from Western Armenia. During the mid-1880s, after the Russian Empire decreed the closure of parochial schools in Armenia, he became involved in revolutionary activism. He moved to Moscow and joined Narodnaya Volya, through which he met Stepan Zorian and Simon Zavarian, and which informed his conversion to revolutionary socialism and Mikhail Bakunin, Bakuninism. Upon returning to the Caucasus, he established the revolutionary organization Young Armenia and began organizing violent actions against the Ottoman Empire. Together with Zorian and Zavarian, Mikaelian established the Armenian Revolutionary Federation (ARF), in which he became a leading figure. During the 1890s, he edited the ARF's newspaper ''Droshak'' and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Droshak
''Droshak'' (''Troshag'', , "Flag") is the official organ of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation (ARF) published in Tiflis (1890), Balkans (1890s), Geneva (1892-1914), Paris (1925–33), Beirut (1969–85), Athens (1986-96), Yerevan (since 1999). It was first published in 1890 by ARF founder Christapor Mikaelian as a monthly, then as a bi-monthly, bi-weekly, and weekly. Initially published as an illegal newspaper in Tiflis (Tbilisi) in the Russian Empire, it was established as a legal publication in Geneva in 1892, where it continued to be published until 1914, when publication was ended due to the start of the First World War. Its primary subject was the ideological questions of the party and the Armenian national liberation movement. It resumed publication in Paris in 1925 until ending again in 1933. During this period, the paper dealt with political and ideological questions regarding the situation in Soviet Armenia (where the ARF was banned) and debates between communism and s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georges Lorand
Georges may refer to: Places *Georges River, New South Wales, Australia *Georges Quay (Dublin) *Georges Township, Fayette County, Pennsylvania Other uses *Georges (name) * ''Georges'' (novel), a novel by Alexandre Dumas * "Georges" (song), a 1977 song originally recorded by Pat Simon and covered by Sylvie Vartan *Georges (store), a department store in Melbourne, Australia from 1880 to 1995 * Georges (''Green Card'' character) People with the surname *Eugenia Georges, American anthropologist *Karl Ernst Georges (1806–1895), German classical philologist and lexicographer, known for his edition of Latin-German dictionaries. *Mary Ngwanda Georges, Congo-born American politician See also *École secondaire Georges-P.-Vanier, a high school in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada *École secondaire Georges-Vanier in Laval, Quebec, Canada * French cruiser ''Georges Leygues'', commissioned in 1937 * French frigate ''Georges Leygues'' (D640), commissioned in 1979 *Georges Krayem, Brazilian lawyer * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Victor Resseler
The name Victor or Viktor may refer to: * Victor (name), including a list of people with the given name, mononym, or surname Arts and entertainment Film * ''Victor'' (1951 film), a French drama film * ''Victor'' (1993 film), a French short film * ''Victor'' (2008 film), a TV film about Canadian swimmer Victor Davis * ''Victor'' (2009 film), a French comedy * ''Victor'', a 2017 film about Victor Torres by Brandon Dickerson * ''Viktor'' (2014 film), a Franco/Russian film * ''Viktor'' (2024 film), a documentary of a deaf person's perspective during Russian invasion of Ukraine Music * ''Victor'' (Alex Lifeson album), a 1996 album by Alex Lifeson * ''Victor'' (Vic Mensa album), 2023 album by Vic Mensa * "Victor", a song from the 1979 album ''Eat to the Beat'' by Blondie Businesses * Victor Talking Machine Company, early 20th century American recording company, forerunner of RCA Records * Victor Company of Japan, usually known as JVC, a Japanese electronics corporation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Switzerland
Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a landlocked country located in west-central Europe. It is bordered by Italy to the south, France to the west, Germany to the north, and Austria and Liechtenstein to the east. Switzerland is geographically divided among the Swiss Plateau, the Swiss Alps, Alps and the Jura Mountains, Jura; the Alps occupy the greater part of the territory, whereas most of the country's Demographics of Switzerland, 9 million people are concentrated on the plateau, which hosts List of cities in Switzerland, its largest cities and economic centres, including Zurich, Geneva, and Lausanne. Switzerland is a federal republic composed of Cantons of Switzerland, 26 cantons, with federal authorities based in Bern. It has four main linguistic and cultural regions: German, French, Italian and Romansh language, Romansh. Although most Swiss are German-speaking, national identity is fairly cohesive, being rooted in a common historical background, shared ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plovdiv
Plovdiv (, ) is the List of cities and towns in Bulgaria, second-largest city in Bulgaria, 144 km (93 miles) southeast of the capital Sofia. It had a population of 490,983 and 675,000 in the greater metropolitan area. Plovdiv is a cultural hub in Bulgaria and was the European Capital of Culture in 1999 and 2019. The city is an important economic, transport, cultural, and educational centre. Plovdiv joined the UNESCO Global Network of Learning Cities in 2016. Archeological symbols of Plovdiv Plovdiv is in a fertile region of south-central Bulgaria on the two banks of the Maritsa River. The city has historically developed on seven syenite hills, some of which are high. Because of these hills, Plovdiv is often referred to in Bulgaria as "The City of the Seven Hills". There is evidence of habitation in the area dating back to the 6th millennium BCE, when the first Neolithic settlements were established. The city was subsequently a Thracians, Thracian settlement, later being conq ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Franc
The franc is any of various units of currency. One franc is typically divided into 100 centimes. The name is said to derive from the Latin inscription ''francorum rex'' (King of the Franks) used on early French coins and until the 18th century, or from the French ''franc'', meaning "frank" (and "free" in certain contexts, such as ''coup franc'', "free kick"). The countries that use francs today include Switzerland, Liechtenstein, and most of Francophone Africa. The Swiss franc is a major world currency today due to the prominence of Swiss financial institutions. Before the introduction of the euro in 1999, francs were also used in France, Belgium and Luxembourg, while Andorra and Monaco accepted the French franc as legal tender ( Monégasque franc). The franc was also used in French colonies including Algeria and Cambodia. The franc is sometimes Italianised or Hispanicised as the ''franco'', for instance in Luccan franco. Origins The franc was originally a French gold coi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Martiros Margarian
Martiros is an Armenian given name meaning martyr. Martiros and its variant Mardiros in Western Armenian may refer to: Places * Martiros, Vayots Dzor, town in Armenia Persons Martiros * Saint Martiros, 4th-century Christian saint, son of Saint Sarkis the Warrior * Martiros of Crimea, 7th-century Armenian writer, historian, poet and priest * Martiros Aslanov (1897–1977), Soviet Armenian linguist and Pashto scholar * Martiros Kavoukjian (1908–1988), Armenian architect, researcher, Armenologist and historian-archaeologist *Martiros Khan Davidkhanian Martiros Khan Davidkhanian (1843-1905) was an Iranian General officer, general, Philanthropy, philanthropist, professor, the Chief of staff, Chief of Staff of the Persian Cossack Brigade, Amir Touman and the Commander of the Royal Guard of the Qa ... (1843–1905), Iranian general, philanthropist and professor * Martiros Sarukhanyan (1873–1895), Armenian fedayee and political activist in the Ottoman Empire * Martiros Saryan (1880 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sophie Areshian
Sophie Areshian (; 1881, in Tbilisi – 1971, in Montreal), also known by her pseudonym of Rubina, was an Armenian revolutionary and fedayi. She joined the Armenian Revolutionary Federation (ARF) after meeting several leaders of the organization in Baku, she became politically aligned with the far left under their influence. She quickly earned the trust and friendship of Christapor Mikaelian, one of the organization's founders, and was invited to participate in Operation Nejuik, which aimed to assassinate Sultan Abdul Hamid II, the principal orchestrator of the Hamidian massacres that resulted in the deaths of between 100,000 and 300,000 Armenians. Areshian became deeply involved in the project and took on a central role in its execution, especially after Mikaelian's death. She was responsible for setting up the bombs for detonation and activating the timer during the culmination of the plot, the Abdul Hamid II assassination attempt in Yıldız. Sentenced to death in absentia, Ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
