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Angithi
An ( Hindustani: or ) is a traditional brazier used for space-heating and cooking in the northern areas of South Asia, mainly in India, Pakistan and Nepal. usually generate heat from burning coal and, when in use, have glowing coal or charcoal pieces but few or no flames. Kanger A smaller, and more decorative, version of the called the '' kanger or kangri'' is employed for personal use in Kashmir. Hazards Despite public health warnings, are often used in enclosed spaces to maximize heating, resulting in deaths from carbon monoxide poisoning in the region. Public authorities and mass media in the region often exhort people not to use or in closed rooms. See also * Air-tight stove *Brazier * Bukhari (heater) *Franklin stove *Hibachi - Japanese traditional heater * Kanger * Rocket stove * Space heater *Wood-burning stove A wood-burning stove (or wood burner or log burner in the UK) is a heating or cooking appliance capable of burning wood fuel, often called solid fuel, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bukhari (heater)
A bukhāri ( Persian بُخاری) is a traditional space heater from Central Asia and northern areas of the Indian Subcontinent, which is typically a wood-burning stove. ''Bukharis'' consist of a wide cylindrical fire-chamber at the base in which wood, charcoal or other fuel is burned and a narrower cylinder on the top that helps in heating the room and acts as a chimney. The base of an Indian ''bukhari'' is wider than that of most western wood-burning stoves. ''Bukharis'' are found in the entire northern belt of the region, i.e. Afghanistan, Tajikistan, northern Pakistan, North India, Nepal, Bhutan and Northeast India. Etymology The term ''bukhār'' is a Persian word meaning ''heat'' or ''fever''. In modern Persian, the term ''bukhari'' generically refers to a heater. Use in poultry farming ''Bukharis'' are in widespread use by poultry farmers in North India to keep birds warm during winter nights. Fuel alternatives and conservation Forest conservation imperatives have resu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Franklin Stove
The Franklin stove is a metal-lined fireplace named after Benjamin Franklin, who invented it in 1742. It had a hollow baffle near the rear (to transfer more heat from the fire to a room's air) and relied on an "inverted siphon" to draw the fire's hot fumes around the baffle. It was intended to produce more heat and less smoke than an ordinary open fireplace, but it achieved few sales until it was improved by David Rittenhouse. It is also known as a "circulating stove" or the "Pennsylvania fireplace". History The two distinguishing features of Franklin's stove were a hollow baffle (a metal panel that directed the flow of the fire's fumes) and a flue that acted as an upside-down siphon. Baffles in fireplaces Baffles were used to lengthen the path that either a room's air or a fire's fumes had to flow through ductwork, thereby allowing more heat to be transferred to the room's air temperatures or from the fire's fumes. Specifically, ducts could be installed within the bri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brazier
A brazier () is a container used to burn charcoal or other solid fuel for cooking, heating or rituals. It often takes the form of a metal box or bowl with feet, but in some places it is made of terracotta. Its elevation helps circulate air, feeding oxygen to the fire. Braziers have been used since ancient times; the Nimrud brazier dates to at least 824 BC. History The word brazier is mentioned in the Bible. The Hebrew word for brazier is believed to be of Egyptian origin, suggesting that it was imported from Egypt. The lone reference to it in the Bible being the following verse: The king was sitting in the winter-house in the ninth month; and the brazier () was burning before him. Roman Emperor Jovian was poisoned by the fumes from a brazier in his tent in 364, ending the line of Constantine. In Arabic, the brazier is called ''kanoun''. Uses Heating Despite risks in burning charcoal on open fires, braziers were widely adopted for domestic heating, particularly and somewh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hindustani Language
Hindustani is an Indo-Aryan language spoken in North India and Pakistan as the lingua franca of the region. It is also spoken by the Deccani people, Deccani-speaking community in the Deccan plateau. Hindustani is a pluricentric language with two Standard language, standard Register (sociolinguistics), registers, known as Hindi (Sanskritisation (linguistics), Sanskritised register written in the Devanagari script) and Urdu (Persianization, Persianized and Arabization, Arabized register written in the Perso-Arabic script) which serve as official languages of India and Pakistan, respectively. Thus, it is also called Hindi–Urdu. Colloquial registers of the language fall on a spectrum between these standards. In modern times, a third variety of Hindustani with significant English influences has also appeared, which is sometimes called Hinglish or Urdish.Salwathura, A. N.Evolutionary development of ‘hinglish’language within the Indian sub-continent. ''International Journal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Residential Heating
A residential area is a land used in which housing predominates, as opposed to industrial and commercial areas. Housing may vary significantly between, and through, residential areas. These include single-family housing, multi-family residential, or mobile homes. Zoning for residential use may permit some services or work opportunities or may totally exclude business and industry. It may permit high density land use or only permit low density uses. Residential zoning usually includes a smaller FAR (floor area ratio) than business, commercial or industrial/manufacturing zoning. The area may be large or small. Overview In certain residential areas, especially rural, large tracts of land may have no services whatever, such that residents seeking services must use a motor vehicle or other transportation, so the need for transportation has resulted in land development following existing or planned transport infrastructure such as rail and road. Development patterns may be regul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heaters
A heater is an appliance whose purpose is to generate heat for a building. Heater or Heaters may also refer to: Science, technology and engineering * Central heating, a system used to heat an entire building Devices * Aquarium heater, in fishkeeping, used to warm aquarium water * Boiler or heater, used to heat water for use in a heating system * Furnace (house heating), Furnace or heater, used to heat buildings using a central system * Radiator (heating) or heater, used to transmit heat from a boiler * Space heater, that heats a single area ** Gas heater, that heats a area using gas ** Oil heater, that heats oil to heat a room Physics * Heating element, a device that converts electricity into heat * Cathode heater, in vacuum tubes and gas-filled tubes ** Heater, a vacuum tube filament for an indirectly heated cathode in a vacuum tube Music * Heaters (band), an American rock band * "The Heater", a song by The Mutton Birds * Heater (Samim song), "Heater" (Samim song), a song by Sa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Burners
Burning Man is a week-long large-scale desert event focused on "community, art, self-expression, and self-reliance" held annually in the Western United States. The event's name comes from its ceremony on the penultimate night of the event: the symbolic burning of a large wooden effigy, referred to as the Man, the Saturday evening before Labor Day. Since 1990, the event has been at Black Rock City in northwestern Nevada, a temporary city erected in the Black Rock Desert about north-northeast of Reno. According to Burning Man co-founder Larry Harvey in 2004, the event is guided by ten stated principles: radical inclusion, gifting, decommodification, radical self-reliance, radical self-expression, communal effort, civic responsibility, leaving no trace, participation, and immediacy. Burning Man features no headliners or scheduled performers; participants create all the art, activities, and events. Artwork includes experimental and interactive sculptures, buildings, performa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wood-burning Stove
A wood-burning stove (or wood burner or log burner in the UK) is a heating or cooking appliance capable of burning wood fuel, often called solid fuel, and wood-derived biomass fuel, such as sawdust bricks. Generally the appliance consists of a solid metal (usually cast iron or steel) closed firebox, often lined by fire brick, and one or more air controls (which can be manually or automatically operated depending upon the stove). The first wood-burning stove was patented in Strasbourg in 1557. This was two centuries before the Industrial Revolution, so iron was still prohibitively expensive. The first wood-burning stoves were high-end consumer items and only gradually became used widely. The stove is connected by ventilating stove pipe to a suitable flue, which will fill with hot combustion gases once the fuel is ignited. The chimney or flue gases must be hotter than the outside temperature to ensure combustion gases are drawn out of the fire chamber and up the chimney. Wood b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Space Heater
A space heater is a device used to heat a single, small- to medium-sized area. This type of heater can be contrasted with central heating, which distributes heat to multiple areas. Types Dominant mode of heat transfer All space heaters transfer heat to their environment via some combination of the three fundamental modes of heat transfer: convection, radiation, and conduction. Typically heaters are designed with either convection or radiation as the sole dominant mode. Convective heaters ''Convective space heaters'' utilize convection to transfer heat from the power source to a space. These heaters typically either rely on ''natural'' or ''forced'' convection. Natural convection is a phenomenon where temperature variations in an environment generate fluid flow. Forced convection heaters utilize a device like a fan to generate air flow and spread heat at a fast pace. Sometimes called "fan heaters," these are often cheap but lack in efficiency and versatility. Radia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rocket Stove
A rocket stove is an efficient and hot burning stove using small-diameter wood fuel. Fuel is burned in a simple combustion chamber containing an insulated vertical chimney, which ensures almost complete combustion prior to the flames reaching the cooking surface. Rocket stove designs are most often used for portable stoves for cooking but the design is also used for large, fixed stoves in institutions, and to make rocket mass heaters for heating. History A precursor to the rocket stove was the Argand lamp, which was patented in 1780. This was a major development of the traditional oil lamp, which introduced a glass chimney above the flame to increase air-flow. As well as being used for lighting, this design was also used for cooking and for heating water due to its "affording much the strongest heat without smoke." Larry Winiarski, Technical Director of Aprovecho, began developing the rocket stove in 1980 based on a VITA stove, designed by Sam Baldwin, and rediscovered the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kanger
A kanger (; also known as kangri or kangid or kangir) is an earthen pot woven around with wicker filled with hot embers used by Kashmiris to keep the chill at bay, which is also regarded as a work of art. It is normally kept inside the pheran, the Kashmiri cloak, or inside a blanket. It is mostly used in the cold nights of Chillai Kalan. If a person is wearing a jacket, it may be used as a hand warmer. It is about in diameter and reaches a temperature of about . It comes in different variants, small ones for children and large ones for adults. Background After the earthen pots are moulded and fired, the artisans complete the wickerwork around them, by erecting two arms to handle the pot, propping the back side with strong wicker sticks, and colour it (optionally) to give an aesthetically delicate shape. History It is generally believed that Kashmiris learned the use of the ''kanger'' from the Italians who were in the retinue of the Mughal emperors and usually visited the Va ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
