|
Ancylus Lake
Ancylus Lake is a name given by geologists to a large freshwater lake that existed in northern Europe approximately from 8,750 to 7,850 years Before Christ, BC, being in effect one of various predecessors to the modern Baltic Sea. Origin, evolution and demise The Ancylus Lake replaced the Yoldia Sea after the latter had been severed from its saline intake across a seaway along the Central Swedish lowland, roughly between Gothenburg and Stockholm. The cutoff was the result of Post-glacial rebound, isostatic rise being faster than the concurrent Sea level rise, post-glacial sea level rise. In the words of Svante Björck the Ancylus Lake "is perhaps the most enigmatic (and discussed) of the many Baltic stages". The lake's outlet and elevation relative to sea-level was for long time surrounded by controversy. It is now known that the lake was above sea level, included Vänern, Lake Vänern, and drained westward through three outlets at Göta Älv, Uddevalla and Otteid. As result of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Before Christ
The terms (AD) and before Christ (BC) are used when designating years in the Gregorian calendar, Gregorian and Julian calendar, Julian calendars. The term is Medieval Latin and means "in the year of the Lord" but is often presented using "our Lord" instead of "the Lord", taken from the full original phrase "", which translates to "in the year of our Lord Jesus Christ". The form "BC" is specific to English language, English, and equivalent abbreviations are used in other languages: the Latin (language), Latin form, rarely used in English, is (ACN) or (AC). This calendar era takes as its epoch (date reference), epoch the traditionally reckoned year of the annunciation, conception or Nativity of Jesus, birth of Jesus. Years ''AD'' are counted forward since that epoch and years ''BC'' are counted backward from the epoch. There is no year zero in this scheme; thus the year AD 1 immediately follows the year 1 BC. This dating system was devised in 525 by Dionysius Exiguus but was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Before Present
Before Present (BP) or "years before present (YBP)" is a time scale used mainly in archaeology, geology, and other scientific disciplines to specify when events occurred relative to the origin of practical radiocarbon dating in the 1950s. Because the "present" time changes, standard practice is to use 1January 1950 as the commencement date (epoch) of the age scale, with 1950 being labelled as the "standard year". The abbreviation "BP" has been interpreted retrospectively as "Before Physics", which refers to the time before nuclear weapons testing artificially altered the proportion of the carbon isotopes in the atmosphere, which scientists must account for when using radiocarbon dating for dates of origin that may fall after this year. In a convention that is not always observed, many sources restrict the use of BP dates to those produced with radiocarbon dating; the alternative notation "RCYBP" stands for the explicit "radio carbon years before present". Usage The BP scale is s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arvid Högbom
Arvid Gustaf Högbom (1857–1940) was a Swedish geologist. He was a professor of mineralogy and geology at Uppsala University. Biography Arvid Högbom was born at Vännäs in Västerbotten County, Sweden. Högbom was a student at Uppsala University earning a Bachelor of Philosophy in 1880 and a Licentiate in philosophy in 1884. In 1885, he defended his doctorate thesis; '' Iakttagelser rörande Jemtlands glaciala geologi med inledande öfversigt af berggrunden'' (Stockholm. 1885). He was appointed lecturer at Uppsala in 1885. In 1891 he joined the staff of the Stockholm University, but returned to Uppsala University in 1896 as professor of geology and mineralogy, occupying the chair until his retirement in 1922. He became a member of the Royal Society of Sciences in Uppsala in 1898, of the Royal Swedish Academy of Agriculture and Forestry in 1913 and of the Royal Society of Arts and Sciences in Gothenburg in 1921. He became a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ernst Antevs
Ernst Valdemar Antevs (November 20, 1888 – May 19, 1974) was a Swedish-American geologist and educator who made significant contributions to Quaternary geology, particularly geomorphology and geochronology. Ernst Valdemar Antevs was born on a farm in the Vartofta-Åsaka parish of Skaraborg, (now Västra Götaland), Sweden. He attended Stockholm University where in 1917, he was awarded his Ph.D. in geology. He was employed as a docent at the University of Stockholm from 1917 to 1935. He was also a research associate for the American Geographical Society (1921 to 1922), the Carnegie Institution of Washington (between 1922-1940), Geological Survey of Canada (between 1923- 1930), and Harvard University (1924-1926). He moved to the United States during the 1930s and joined investigators from the Gila Pueblo Archaeological Foundation in Globe, Arizona. In 1939, he became a citizen of the United States. Antevs joined the University of Arizona Department Ge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gerard De Geer
Baron Gerard Jacob De Geer (20 November 1858 – 24 July 1943) was a Swedish geologist who made significant contributions to Quaternary geology, particularly geomorphology and geochronology. De Geer is best known for his work on varves. In 1890 De Geer was the first to apply the name Ancylus Lake to the Baltic paleolake discovered by Henrik Munthe. He subsequently participated the protracted scientific controversy surrounding this lake. Biography Baron Gerard Jacob De Geer comes from a well-known Swedish aristocratic family of Brabant origin, who had emigrated to Sweden in the early seventeenth century. His family included prominent industrialists and politicians. His father Louis and older brother Gerhard Louis served as the Prime Minister of Sweden. Gerard Jacob was born on 2 October 1858, in Stockholm in the family of Baron Louis Gerhard de Geer, at that time the first Minister of Justice in the Swedish government, and Carolina de Geer, née Countess Wachtmeister. Si ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ancylus Fluviatilis
The river limpet (''Ancylus fluviatilis'') is a species of very small, freshwater, air-breathing limpet, an aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the tribe Ancylini within the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails and their allies. Description The 5–8 mm. limpet-like shell has a backwardly directed, conical apex. The shell shape is higher than '' Acroloxus'' and '' Ferrissia''. The apex is blunt when seen from above, but appears more pointed from the side. The shell is bent backwards and very weakly to the right side. It is thin and translucent, with reticulate sculpture and fine growth lines. In colour it is light yellowish to reddish brown or dull pale brown. The animal is grey with black dots near the head and almost entirely covered by the shell. The tentacles are triangular with eyes at their base. The genital pore and pneumostome are very small and located at the right side. Distribution The distribution type is Eurosiberian Southern-temperate (the delimit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henrik Munthe
Henrik Vilhelm Munthe (1 November 1860 – 15 August 1958) was a Swedish geologist. Biography Munthe became a student in 1882 and in 1892 a doctor of philosophy and associate professor of geology at Uppsala University, where he was acting professor of mineralogy and geology in 1894–96. In 1898 he was appointed and in 1899 regular geologist at the Swedish Geological Survey (SGU). In the years 1904-13 he was secretary of the Geological Society in Stockholm. Munthe received the title of professor in 1917. He was elected to the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in 1928. His research centered on the Quaternary geology of the Baltic Sea region, nevertheless he did also some contributions on the Silurian stratigraphy of Västergötland and Gotland. Having begun his career using bicycles to survey the terrain Munthe continued to advocate using bicycle well after survey by car had become commonplace. A Gotlänning ("Gotlander") by birth Munthe's dialect is reported to have been Gotlä ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baltic History 8000-BC
Baltic may refer to: Peoples and languages *Baltic languages, a subfamily of Indo-European languages, including Lithuanian, Latvian and extinct Old Prussian *Balts (or Baltic peoples), ethnic groups speaking the Baltic languages and/or originating from the Baltic countries *Baltic Germans, historical ethnic German minority in Latvia and Estonia *Baltic Finnic peoples, the Finnic peoples historically inhabiting the area on the northeastern side of the Baltic sea Places Northern Europe * Baltic Sea, in Europe * Baltic region, an ambiguous term referring to the general area surrounding the Baltic Sea * Baltic states (also Baltic countries, Baltic nations, Baltics), a geopolitical term, currently referring to Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania * Baltic Provinces or governorates, former parts of the Swedish Empire and then Russian Empire (in modern Latvia, Estonia) * Baltic Shield, the exposed Precambrian northwest segment of the East European Craton * Baltic Plate, an ancient tectonic pl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gulf Of Bothnia
The Gulf of Bothnia (; ; ) is divided into the Bothnian Bay and the Bothnian Sea, and it is the northernmost arm of the Baltic Sea, between Finland's west coast ( East Bothnia) and the northern part of Sweden's east coast ( West Bothnia and North Bothnia). In the south of the gulf lies Åland, between the Sea of Åland and the Archipelago Sea. Name Bothnia is a latinization. The Swedish name was originally just , with being Old Norse for "gulf" or "bay", which is also the meaning of the second element . The name was applied to the Gulf of Bothnia as in Old Norse, after , which at the time referred to the coastland west of the gulf. Later, was applied to the regions of on the western side and on the eastern side ('West Bottom' and 'East Bottom'). The Finnish name of Österbotten, (, meaning 'land'), hint as to the meaning in both languages: the meaning of includes both 'bottom' and 'north'. is the base word for north, , with an adjectival suffix added. / is c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Øresund
Øresund or Öresund (, ; ; ), commonly known in English as the Sound, is a strait which forms the Denmark–Sweden border, Danish–Swedish border, separating Zealand (Denmark) from Scania (Sweden). The strait has a length of ; its width varies from to . The narrowest point is between Helsingør in Denmark and Helsingborg in Sweden. Øresund, along with the Great Belt, the Little Belt and the Kiel Canal, is one of four waterways that connect the Baltic Sea to the Atlantic Ocean via Kattegat, Skagerrak, and the North Sea; this makes it one of the busiest waterways in the world. The Øresund Bridge, between the Danish capital Copenhagen and the Swedish city of Malmö, inaugurated on 1 July 2000, connects a bi-national Øresund Region, metropolitan area with close to 4 million inhabitants. The HH Ferry route, between Helsingør, Denmark and Helsingborg, Sweden, in the northern part of Øresund, is one of the world's busiest international ferry routes, with more than 70 departu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Littorina Sea
Littorina Sea (also Litorina Sea) is a geological brackish water stage of the Baltic Sea, which existed around 8500–4000 Before Present, BP and followed the Mastogloia Sea (initial Littorina Sea), a transitional stage from the Ancylus Lake. This stage and form of the body of water is named after common periwinkle (''Littorina littorea''), then a prevailing mollusc in the waters, which indicates its salinity. Overview The last fully fresh water stage in the Baltic basin, the Ancylus Lake ended at 9,800 BP when salt water from the world ocean started entering the Mastogloia Sea in the Great Belt region commencing an initial Littorina Sea which as a saline or brackish sea continues to this day. These initial transgression (geology), transgressions were incomplete and occurred at different times in different areas of the Baltic basin lasting until 8.5 ka cal. BP. The transition timings from fresh to brackish water that mark the onset of the Littorina Sea are not yet cl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
