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Anaxyrus Americanus
The American toad (''Anaxyrus americanus'') is a common species of toad found throughout Canada and the eastern United States. It is divided into three subspecies: the eastern American toad (''A. a. americanus''), the dwarf American toad (''A. a. charlesmithi'') and the rare Hudson Bay toad (''A. a. copei''). Recent taxonomic treatments place this species in the genus ''Anaxyrus'' instead of ''Bufo''. Eggs A. americanus eggs are bicolored. They are often a roughly equal mixture of a black or brown with white or cream. The eggs are deposited in two long ropes that have been recorded to transcend 60 m in length. Single egg diameter ranges from 0.1 cm to 0.2 cm. Tadpoles The American toad lays between 2,000-20,000 eggs in two strings which hatch in 3-12 days. The hatched tadpoles, while very small, are recognizable by their skinny tails in relation to the size of their round black bodies. They reach adulthood in 50–65 days. When metamorphosis is complete, the "toadlets" may s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cane Toad
The cane toad (''Rhinella marina''), also known as the giant neotropical toad or marine toad, is a large, Terrestrial animal, terrestrial true toad native to South America, South and mainland Central America, but which has been Introduced species, introduced to various islands throughout Oceania and the Caribbean, as well as Northern Australia. It is a member of the genus ''Rhinella'', which includes many true toad species found throughout Central and South America, but it was formerly assigned to the genus ''Bufo''. A fossil toad (specimen UCMP 41159) from the La Venta (Colombia), La Venta fauna of the late Miocene in Colombia is morphologically indistinguishable from modern cane toads from northern South America. It was discovered in a floodplain deposit, which suggests the ''R. marina'' habitat preferences have long been for open areas. The cane toad is a prolific breeder; females lay single-clump spawn (biology), spawns with thousands of egg (biology), eggs. Its reproducti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gaylussacia Baccata
''Gaylussacia baccata'', the black huckleberry, is a common huckleberry found throughout a wide area of eastern North America. Description ''Gaylussacia baccata'' is a shrub up to 150 cm (5 feet) tall, forming extensive colonies. Flowers are in dangling groups of 3–7, orange or red, bell-shaped. The berries are dark blue, almost black, rarely white. Similar species The plant closely resembles the native blueberry plants (''Vaccinium'' species) with which it grows in the same habitats. It can be readily identified by the numerous resin dots on the undersides of the leaves which glitter when held up to the light. Distribution The plant is native to Eastern Canada and the Great Lakes region, the Midwestern and Northeastern United States, and the Appalachian Mountains, the Ohio/Mississippi/Tennessee Valley, and Southeastern United States. The range extends from Newfoundland west to Manitoba and Minnesota, south as far as Arkansas, Alabama, and Georgia. Ecology The shr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Woodhouse's Toad
Woodhouse's toad (''Anaxyrus woodhousii'') is a medium-sized () true toad native to the United States and Mexico. There are three recognized subspecies. ''A. woodhousii'' tends to hybridize with '' Anaxyrus americanus'' where their ranges overlap. Taxonomy Woodhouse's toad was first described in 1854 by the French herpetologist Charles Frédéric Girard. He gave it the name ''Bufo woodhousii'' in honor of the American physician and naturalist Samuel Washington Woodhouse. The large genus '' Bufo'' was split by Frost ''et al.'' in 2006, with the North American species being included in the genus '' Anaxyrus'' and this toad becoming ''A. woodhousii''. There are three recognised subspecies: *Rocky Mountain toad – '' Anaxyrus woodhousii woodhousii'' ( Girard, 1854) *East Texas toad – ''Anaxyrus woodhousii velatus'' (Bragg and Sanders, 1951)Bragg, A. N., and O. Sanders. 1951. A new subspecies of the ''Bufo woodhousii'' group of toads (Salientia: Bufonidae). Wasmann Journal of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fowler's Toad
''Anaxyrus fowleri'', Fowler's toad, is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. The species is native to North America, where it occurs in much of the eastern United States and parts of adjacent Canada. It was previously considered a subspecies of Woodhouse's toad (''Anaxyrus woodhousii'', formerly ''Bufo woodhousii'').Fowler's Toad. Natural Resources Canada. Etymology The , ''fowleri'', is in honor of[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bufo AmericanusPCCA20060417-3354B
''Bufo'' is a genus of true toads in the amphibian family Bufonidae. As traditionally defined, it was a wastebasket genus containing a large number of toads from much of the world but following taxonomic reviews most of these have been moved to other genera, leaving only seventeen extant species from Europe, northern Africa and Asia in this genus, including the well-known common toad (''B. bufo''). Some of the genera that contain species formerly placed in ''Bufo'' are ''Anaxyrus'' (many North American species), ''Bufotes'' (European green toad and relatives), ''Duttaphrynus'' (many Asian species, including the Asian common toad introduced elsewhere), '' Epidalea'' (natterjack toad) and ''Rhinella'' (many Latin American species, including the cane toad introduced elsewhere). Description True toads have in common stocky figures and short legs, which make them relatively poor jumpers. Their dry skin is thick and "warty". Behind their eyes, ''Bufo'' species have wart-like struct ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bufo Americanus Wooster Ohio
''Bufo'' is a genus of true toads in the amphibian family Bufonidae. As traditionally defined, it was a wastebasket genus containing a large number of toads from much of the world but following taxonomic reviews most of these have been moved to other genera, leaving only seventeen extant species from Europe, northern Africa and Asia in this genus, including the well-known common toad (''B. bufo''). Some of the genera that contain species formerly placed in ''Bufo'' are ''Anaxyrus'' (many North American species), ''Bufotes'' (European green toad and relatives), ''Duttaphrynus'' (many Asian species, including the Asian common toad introduced elsewhere), '' Epidalea'' (natterjack toad) and ''Rhinella'' (many Latin American species, including the cane toad introduced elsewhere). Description True toads have in common stocky figures and short legs, which make them relatively poor jumpers. Their dry skin is thick and "warty". Behind their eyes, ''Bufo'' species have wart-like struct ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anaxyrus Woodhousii
Woodhouse's toad (''Anaxyrus woodhousii'') is a medium-sized () true toad native to the United States and Mexico. There are three recognized subspecies. ''A. woodhousii'' tends to hybridize with ''Anaxyrus americanus'' where their ranges overlap. Taxonomy Woodhouse's toad was first described in 1854 by the French herpetologist Charles Frédéric Girard. He gave it the name ''Bufo woodhousii'' in honor of the American physician and naturalist Samuel Washington Woodhouse. The large genus ''Bufo'' was split by Frost ''et al.'' in 2006, with the North American species being included in the genus ''Anaxyrus'' and this toad becoming ''A. woodhousii''. There are three recognised subspecies: *Rocky Mountain toad – '' Anaxyrus woodhousii woodhousii'' ( Girard, 1854) *East Texas toad – ''Anaxyrus woodhousii velatus'' (Bragg and Sanders, 1951)Bragg, A. N., and O. Sanders. 1951. A new subspecies of the ''Bufo woodhousii'' group of toads (Salientia: Bufonidae). Wasmann Journal of Biol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hybrid (biology)
In biology, a hybrid is the offspring resulting from combining the qualities of two organisms of different varieties, subspecies, species or genera through sexual reproduction. Generally, it means that each cell has genetic material from two different organisms, whereas an individual where some cells are derived from a different organism is called a chimera. Hybrids are not always intermediates between their parents such as in blending inheritance (a now discredited theory in modern genetics by particulate inheritance), but can show hybrid vigor, sometimes growing larger or taller than either parent. The concept of a hybrid is interpreted differently in animal and plant breeding, where there is interest in the individual parentage. In genetics, attention is focused on the numbers of chromosomes. In taxonomy, a key question is how closely related the parent species are. Species are reproductively isolated by strong barriers to hybridization, which include genetic and morph ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Evolution (journal)
''Evolution: International Journal of Organic Evolution'', is a monthly scientific journal In academic publishing, a scientific journal is a periodical publication designed to further the progress of science by disseminating new research findings to the scientific community. These journals serve as a platform for researchers, schola ... that publishes significant new results of empirical or theoretical investigations concerning facts, processes, mechanics, or concepts of evolutionary phenomena and events. ''Evolution'' is published by Oxford Academic (formerly by Wiley) for the Society for the Study of Evolution. Its current editor-in-chief is Jason Wolf of the University of Bath, United Kingdom. Former editors-in-chief The journal was founded soon after the Second World War. Its first editor was the systematic ornithologist Ernst Mayr. * Ruth Geyer Shaw, July 2013 – 2017 * Daphne Fairbairn, 2010 – June 2013 References External links * at Oxford AcademicForm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
