|
Amycoida
Amycoida is an unranked clade of the jumping spider family Salticidae. It is the smaller and less widespread of the two subdivisions of the "typical" jumping spiders (subfamily Salticinae), occurring mainly in the New World, particularly the Amazon basin. Its sister clade is the Salticoida. Definition Amycoida is formally defined as the smallest clade containing '' Cotinusa'', '' Sitticus'', ''Breda'', '' Sarinda'', '' Synemosyna'', and '' Amycus''. Subdivisions Amycoida is divided into nine tribes, with about 63 genera (two of which are unplaced in a tribe) and about 430 described species. Many more species are thought to be undescribed as yet. Sitticini has the largest number of species (about 120). It is the only tribe to have reached the Old World, particularly the genus '' Attulus'' (formerly ''Sitticus''). Amycini has the next largest number of species (about 110). Amycines are mostly foliage-dwellers. Many are excellent jumpers; Wayne Maddison Wayne Paul Maddison (bo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salticinae
Salticinae is a subfamily of jumping spiders (family Salticidae). It includes over 90% of the known species of jumping spiders. The subfamily is divided into two unranked clades: Amycoida and Salticoida. Description Members of the subfamily Salticinae have a number of features in common that distinguish them from the remaining salticids. Females lack a tarsal claw on the pedipalp. The palpal bulb of male basal salticids has a distinctive median apophysis, which is absent in the subfamily, and the cymbium is constricted at the tibial joint. Members also have a more complex tracheal system, which may be connected with their movements, which are more abrupt than other salticids, giving them a recognizable gait. Taxonomy Phylogeny The relationships among the basal salticids are not yet fully resolved; summary cladograms published in both 2014 and 2015 show unresolved branching for five basal subfamilies. However, Hisponinae is resolved as sister to Salticinae, which is the mo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salticoida
Salticoida is an unranked clade of the jumping spider family Salticidae. It is the larger and more widespread of the two subdivisions of the "typical" jumping spiders (subfamily Salticinae), occurring effectively world-wide. Its sister clade is Amycoida, which is also very diverse ecologically but has a mostly South American distribution. Systematics and evolution Salticoida includes the bulk of extant jumping spider diversity, with over 400 genera organized phylogenetically into 18 tribes according to Wayne Maddison's 2015 proposal. The age and origin of the Salticoida are not well determined. Certainly, by the late Paleogene the major lineages were recognizably distinct as indicated by the fossil evidence and molecular phylogeny. Thus, the salticoids presumably originated during or around the PETM or a bit earlier, but no corresponding fossils have been found yet. Their sister lineage, the Amycoida, probably originated by dispersal across the ocean to South America, whi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cotinusa
''Cotinusa'' is a genus of jumping spiders that was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1900. Species it contains thirty-one species, found in South America, Pakistan, Mexico, and Panama: *'' Cotinusa adelae'' Mello-Leitão, 1944 – Argentina *'' Cotinusa albescens'' Mello-Leitão, 1945 – Argentina *'' Cotinusa bisetosa'' Simon, 1900 – Venezuela *'' Cotinusa bryantae'' Chickering, 1946 – Panama *'' Cotinusa cancellata'' (Mello-Leitão, 1943) – Brazil *'' Cotinusa deserta'' (Peckham & Peckham, 1894) – Brazil *'' Cotinusa dimidiata'' Simon, 1900 – Peru *'' Cotinusa distincta'' (Peckham & Peckham, 1888) (type) – Mexico to Peru *'' Cotinusa fenestrata'' ( Taczanowski, 1878) – Peru *'' Cotinusa furcifera'' (Schenkel, 1953) – Venezuela *'' Cotinusa gemmea'' (Peckham & Peckham, 1894) – Brazil *'' Cotinusa gertschi'' (Mello-Leitão, 1947) – Brazil *'' Cotinusa horatia'' (Peckham & Peckham, 1894) – Brazil, Argentina *'' Cotinusa irregularis'' (Mello-Leitã ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Attulus
''Attulus'' is a genus of jumping spiders that was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1889. The name is a diminutive form of a common prefix for salticid genera, '. Taxonomy In 1889, Eugène Simon separated the genus ''Attulus'' from the genus ''Attus''. The correct name of the type species involves some taxonomic complexity. Simon gave ''Attus cinereus'' Westring, 1861 as the type of the genus. However, this name had already been used by Walckenaer in 1837 for a different species, so Simon's 1871 replacement name ''Attus helveolus'' is used instead. ''A. helveolus'' is now regarded as the same species as ''Attus distinguendus'', described by Simon in 1868, so having priority as a name. Thus the type species is currently known as '' Attulus distinguendus''. Within the family Salticidae, ''Attulus'' is placed in the tribe Sitticini (the sitticines). The taxonomy of the tribe and the genus ''Attulus'' has been subject to considerable uncertainty; some species changed g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Old World
The "Old World" () is a term for Afro-Eurasia coined by Europeans after 1493, when they became aware of the existence of the Americas. It is used to contrast the continents of Africa, Europe, and Asia in the Eastern Hemisphere, previously thought of by the Europeans as comprising the entire world, with the "New World", a term for the newly encountered lands of the Western Hemisphere, particularly the Americas. Etymology In the context of archaeology and world history, the term "Old World" includes those parts of the world which were in (indirect) cultural contact from the Bronze Age onwards, resulting in the parallel development of the early civilizations, mostly in the temperate zone between roughly the 45th and 25th parallels north, in the area of the Mediterranean, including North Africa. It also included Mesopotamia, the Persian plateau, the Indian subcontinent, China, and parts of Sub-Saharan Africa. These regions were connected via the Silk Road trade route, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amycus (spider)
''Amycus'' is a genus of Salticidae, jumping spiders that was first described by Carl Ludwig Koch in 1846. Species it contains twelve species, found only in South America and Mexico: *''Amycus albipalpus'' Galvis, 2015 – Colombia *''Amycus amrishi'' Makhan, 2006 – Suriname *''Amycus annulatus'' Eugène Simon, Simon, 1900 – Brazil *''Amycus ectypus'' Simon, 1900 – Peru, Brazil *''Amycus equulus'' Simon, 1900 – Brazil *''Amycus flavicomis'' Simon, 1900 – Brazil, Argentina *''Amycus flavolineatus'' C. L. Koch, 1846 – Mexico *''Amycus igneus'' (Perty, 1833) (Type species, type) – Brazil *''Amycus lycosiformis'' Władysław Taczanowski, Taczanowski, 1878 – Peru *''Amycus pertyi'' Simon, 1900 – Peru, French Guiana *''Amycus rufifrons'' Simon, 1900 – Brazil *''Amycus spectabilis'' C. L. Koch, 1846 – Colombia, Peru, Brazil References Salticidae Salticidae genera Spiders of Mexico Spiders of South America Taxa named by Carl Ludwig Koch {{Jumping-spider- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Synemosyna
''Synemosyna'' is a genus of ant mimicking jumping spiders that was first described by Nicholas Marcellus Hentz in 1846. Species it contains twenty species, found in the Caribbean, Central America, South America, the United States, and Mexico: *''Synemosyna americana'' (Peckham & Peckham, 1885) – Mexico to Venezuela *'' Synemosyna ankeli'' Cutler & Müller, 1991 – Colombia *'' Synemosyna aschnae'' Makhan, 2006 – Suriname *'' Synemosyna aurantiaca'' ( Mello-Leitão, 1917) – Colombia, Brazil, Argentina *'' Synemosyna decipiens'' ( O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1896) – Mexico, Guatemala *'' Synemosyna edwardsi'' Cutler, 1985 – Mexico to Costa Rica *'' Synemosyna formica'' Hentz, 1846 (type) – USA *'' Synemosyna hentzi'' Peckham & Peckham, 1892 – Brazil *'' Synemosyna invemar'' Cutler & Müller, 1991 – Colombia *'' Synemosyna lauretta'' Peckham & Peckham, 1892 – Brazil, Argentina *'' Synemosyna lucasi'' ( Taczanowski, 1871) – Colombia to Peru and Guyana *''Synemosyna m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sarinda (spider)
''Sarinda'' is a genus of ant mimicking jumping spiders that was first described by George and Elizabeth Peckham in 1892. Species it contains seventeen species, found in the Americas from Argentina to the southern United States and on the Greater Antilles: *'' Sarinda armata'' (Peckham & Peckham, 1892) – Panama to Peru *'' Sarinda atrata'' ( Taczanowski, 1871) – French Guiana *'' Sarinda capibarae'' Galiano, 1967 – Brazil *'' Sarinda cayennensis'' (Taczanowski, 1871) – Brazil, French Guiana *'' Sarinda chacoensis'' Galiano, 1996 – Argentina *'' Sarinda cutleri'' (Richman, 1965) – USA, Mexico *'' Sarinda exilis'' ( Mello-Leitão, 1943) – Brazil *'' Sarinda glabra'' Franganillo, 1930 – Cuba *''Sarinda hentzi'' ( Banks, 1913) – USA *'' Sarinda imitans'' Galiano, 1965 – Argentina *'' Sarinda longula'' (Taczanowski, 1871) – French Guiana *'' Sarinda marcosi'' Piza, 1937 – Brazil, Argentina *'' Sarinda nigra'' Peckham & Peckham, 1892 (type) – Nicaragua, Brazi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Breda (spider)
''Breda'' is a genus of jumping spiders that was first described by George Peckham & Elizabeth Peckham in 1894. Species it contains thirteen species, found in South America, Panama, Mexico, and on Trinidad: *'' Breda akypueruna'' Ruiz & Brescovit, 2013 – Brazil *'' Breda apicalis'' Simon, 1901 – Ecuador, Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina *'' Breda bicruciata'' ( Mello-Leitão, 1943) – Brazil, Uruguay, Argentina *'' Breda bistriata'' (C. L. Koch, 1846) – Brazil, Argentina *'' Breda lubomirskii'' ( Taczanowski, 1878) – Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Brazil *'' Breda milvina'' (C. L. Koch, 1846) (type Type may refer to: Science and technology Computing * Typing, producing text via a keyboard, typewriter, etc. * Data type, collection of values used for computations. * File type * TYPE (DOS command), a command to display contents of a file. * ...) – Mexico, Panama, Trinidad, Brazil, Bolivia *'' Breda modesta'' (Taczanowski, 1878) – Peru, Brazil, Guyana, Paraguay, Argentina ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sitticus
''Attulus'' is a genus of jumping spiders that was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1889. The name is a diminutive form of a common prefix for salticid genera, '. Taxonomy In 1889, Eugène Simon separated the genus ''Attulus'' from the genus ''Attus''. The correct name of the type species involves some taxonomic complexity. Simon gave ''Attus cinereus'' Westring, 1861 as the type of the genus. However, this name had already been used by Walckenaer in 1837 for a different species, so Simon's 1871 replacement name ''Attus helveolus'' is used instead. ''A. helveolus'' is now regarded as the same species as ''Attus distinguendus'', described by Simon in 1868, so having priority as a name. Thus the type species is currently known as '' Attulus distinguendus''. Within the family Salticidae, ''Attulus'' is placed in the tribe Sitticini (the sitticines). The taxonomy of the tribe and the genus ''Attulus'' has been subject to considerable uncertainty; some species changed g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sitticini
The Sitticini are a tribe of spiders in the family Salticidae (jumping spiders). The tribe has been divided into two subtribes, Aillutticina, with five Neotropical genera, and Sitticina, with five genera from Eurasia and the Americas. One genus is unplaced within the tribe. The taxonomy of the tribe has been subject to considerable uncertainty. It was clarified in 2020. Description The group is now primarily defined by molecular phylogenetic analysis. However, members can be distinguished from other salticids by the fourth leg being much longer than the third and by the absence of the retromarginal cheliceral tooth. Taxonomy The group was first described by Eugène Simon in 1901, under the name "Sitticeae". It was treated as the subfamily Sitticinae by various authors before being reduced to the tribe Sitticini by Wayne Maddison in 2015. The taxonomy of the tribe has been subject to considerable uncertainty; generic boundaries were changed repeatedly between 2017 and 2020. Fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
