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Amirkhamza Turlov
Amirkhamza Turlov, also known as Amiramza or Amir Garze was a prince from the Turlov dynasty who ruled the Turlov Principality until his retirement in 1728. The beginning of his reign is not known, although it must have been before 1707. He is mainly known for his support for the Bashkir religious and military leader Murat Kuchukov and his involvement in the 1708 Insurgency in the North Caucasus. Reign He became the ''Senior Prince'' of the Turlov Principality following the death of his predecessor Muhammad Turlov, possibly in the 1690s. He is first mentioned in Russian sources in 1708. In November 1707, he met with the Bashkir ambassador and military leader Murat Kuchukov. Murat decided to stay in Chechnya, where Amirkhamza supported him with everything needed, including military support. When the rebels led by Murat Kuchukov were ready to storm the Terki Fortress, Amirkhamza gathered 700 fighters from all across his state. Combined with the armies of other North Cauca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Citadel
A citadel is the most fortified area of a town or city. It may be a castle, fortress, or fortified center. The term is a diminutive of ''city'', meaning "little city", because it is a smaller part of the city of which it is the defensive core. In a fortification with bastions, the citadel is the strongest part of the system, sometimes well inside the outer walls and bastions, but often forming part of the outer wall for the sake of economy. It is positioned to be the last line of defence, should the enemy breach the other components of the fortification system. History 3300–1300 BC Some of the oldest known structures which have served as citadels were built by the Indus Valley civilisation, where citadels represented a centralised authority. Citadels in Indus Valley were almost 12 meters tall. The purpose of these structures, however, remains debated. Though the structures found in the ruins of Mohenjo-daro were walled, it is far from clear that these structures were defensive ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Makhachkala
Makhachkala, previously known as Petrovskoye (1844–1857) and Port-Petrovsk (1857–1921), or by the local Kumyk language, Kumyk name of Anji, is the capital and List of cities and towns in Russia by population, largest city of Dagestan, Russia. The city is located on the Caspian Sea, covering an area of , with a population of over 623,254 residents, while the urban agglomeration covers over , with a population of roughly 1 million residents. Makhachkala is the fourth-largest city in the Caucasus, the largest city in the North Caucasus and the North Caucasian Federal District, as well as the Caspian Sea#Cities, third-largest city on the Caspian Sea. The city is extremely ethnically diverse, with a minor ethnic Russians, Russian population. The city's historic predecessor is the port town of Anji (Andzhi), which was located in Kumykia, and which was a part of the possessions of the Shamkhalate of Tarki, Tarki state, the capital of Kumyks known from the 8th century.Книга "Да ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Terki
The Battle of Terki in 1708 was the successful storming of the Terki fortress by Chechen and other North Caucasian rebels, and the subsequent recapture by Russian and Kalmyk forces following a counter-offensive led by Fyodor Apraksin and Ayuka Khan. The leader of the rebel army, Murat Kuchukov, was wounded, captured, and eventually executed. History In 1708, the teachings and propaganda of Murat Kuchukov led to an uprising of the North Caucasians against Russia. Raids by the mountaineers on the Russian fortification of Terki began increasing and in February of the same year, having gathered 1,500 to 1,600+ fighters, Kuchukov invaded the city, aiming to break through the Russian border and march to Bashkiria, where he planned to join the Bashkir rebels. On February 12, 1708, the rebels launched an attack on the city. The garrison of the city was poorly equipped and prepared, and its soldiers were outnumbered by the forces of Murat. The attack ended by 4 o'clock in the aft ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aidemir Bardykhanov
Aidemir Bardykhanov, also known as Aidemir Turlov was a prince from the Turlov dynasty and the ''Senior Prince'' of the Chechen principality from 1732 to his death in 1746 and was also a Khan of the Endirey Khanate. He is famous for his role in the Battle of Chechen–Aul, where he led Chechen rebels into victory against Russian troops. Reign in the Endirey Khanate Aidemir, and another Chechen prince, Musal Chapalov, ruled over the Endirey Khanate. In 1718, the Cossacks attacked and devastated Chechen settlements. As a response, the two princes burnt down several Cossack settlements and Russian Terek fortifications. In 1721, a large army led by Aidemir and Musal attacked Terki, as a result of which 11 Russian soldiers were killed and 21 wounded. The attack was repelled however and the mountaineers suffered heavy casualties. These attacks led to a Russian punitive expedition in July 1722, resulting in the Battle of Endirey, which was won by the Kumyks and Chechens led by Aidem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chechen-Aul
Chechen-Aul is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, rural locality (a ''village#Russia, selo'') in Argun urban okrug, Argun urban ''okrug'' of the Republic of Chechnya, Russia, located on the left bank of the Argun River (Caucasus), Argun River near Grozny. Until 1 January 2020, the village was part of the Groznensky District as part of the Chechen-Aul rural settlement. Geography The village is located at the southern foot of the Grozny Range, on the left bank of the Argun (Caucasus), Argun River, 8 km southeast of the city of Grozny. On the northern outskirts of Chechen–Aul is the mountain Zhemin–Barz. The village of Elikhanov and Sheikh Iznaura are located to the Northwest of Chechen–Aul, the village Berdykel to the Northeast, Belgatoy (Shali district), Belgatoy to the East, Novye Atagi and Starye Atagi to the South and Goyty to the Southwest. History According to Chechen legends, a man named ''Chainak'', who came from the History of Chechnya#Ichkeria, Ichk ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Safawid Empire
The Safavid dynasty (; , ) was one of Iran's most significant ruling dynasties reigning from 1501 to 1736. Their rule is often considered the beginning of modern Iranian history, as well as one of the gunpowder empires. The Safavid Shah Ismail I established the Twelver denomination of Shi'a Islam as the official religion of the Persian Empire, marking one of the most important turning points in the history of Islam. The Safavid dynasty had its origin in the Safavid Sufi order, which was established in the city of Ardabil in the Iranian Azerbaijan region. It was an Iranian dynasty of Kurdish origin, but during their rule they intermarried with Turkoman, Georgian, Circassian, and Pontic GreekAnthony Bryer. "Greeks and Türkmens: The Pontic Exception", ''Dumbarton Oaks Papers, Vol. 29'' (1975), Appendix II "Genealogy of the Muslim Marriages of the Princesses of Trebizond" dignitaries; nevertheless, for practical purposes, they were Turkish-speaking and Turkified. From their ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian Empire
The Russian Empire was an empire that spanned most of northern Eurasia from its establishment in November 1721 until the proclamation of the Russian Republic in September 1917. At its height in the late 19th century, it covered about , roughly one-sixth of the world's landmass, making it the list of largest empires, third-largest empire in history, behind only the British Empire, British and Mongol Empire, Mongol empires. It also Russian colonization of North America, colonized Alaska between 1799 and 1867. The empire's 1897 census, the only one it conducted, found a population of 125.6 million with considerable ethnic, linguistic, religious, and socioeconomic diversity. From the 10th to 17th centuries, the Russians had been ruled by a noble class known as the boyars, above whom was the tsar, an absolute monarch. The groundwork of the Russian Empire was laid by Ivan III (), who greatly expanded his domain, established a centralized Russian national state, and secured inde ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Terki (1708)
The Battle of Terki in 1708 was the successful storming of the Terki fortress by Chechen and other North Caucasian rebels, and the subsequent recapture by Russian and Kalmyk forces following a counter-offensive led by Fyodor Apraksin and Ayuka Khan. The leader of the rebel army, Murat Kuchukov, was wounded, captured, and eventually executed. History In 1708, the teachings and propaganda of Murat Kuchukov led to an uprising of the North Caucasians against Russia. Raids by the mountaineers on the Russian fortification of Terki began increasing and in February of the same year, having gathered 1,500 to 1,600+ fighters, Kuchukov invaded the city, aiming to break through the Russian border and march to Bashkiria, where he planned to join the Bashkir rebels. On February 12, 1708, the rebels launched an attack on the city. The garrison of the city was poorly equipped and prepared, and its soldiers were outnumbered by the forces of Murat. The attack ended by 4 o'clock in the aft ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Terki Fortress
Terki fortress, Terka, or Terek (originally Shamkhalian Tyumen's fortress, later Tersky redoubt, sometimes mentioned as Terskiy town) was a Tsardom of Russia, Russian fortress in the Caucasus in the 16-18th centuries. It was originally erected at the mouth of the Sunzha (river), Sunzha river on the lands of the Tyumen Khanate, it was demolished several times, restored and transferred. Later the town was formed in the Terek delta on the Tyumenka River, which had later disappeared in the XVIII century. The territory where the town existed corresponded to modern northeastern Dagestan (Kizlyarsky District, the left bank of the Stary Terek channel northeast of Kizlyar). The town of Terek was a stronghold serving the expansion of the Russian state in the North Caucasus and the Western Caspian region, its location made it an important military and strategic point on the southern outskirts of the country. Administratively, it belonged to the Astrakhan region, had his own governor, who, in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muhammad Turlov
Muhammad Turlov, also known as Bammat was a prince of the Turlov dynasty. He ruled the Turlov Principality in the 1690s. Muhammad's son, Khasbulat Bamatov, would become one of the future Senior Princes of the principality. Muhammad may have had a daughter by the name Kiztaman, who was married to Aidemir Bardykhanov Aidemir Bardykhanov, also known as Aidemir Turlov was a prince from the Turlov dynasty and the ''Senior Prince'' of the Chechen principality from 1732 to his death in 1746 and was also a Khan of the Endirey Khanate. He is famous for his role in t ..., also a future Senior Prince of the Turlov Principality. His father was Alikhan Turlov, who reigned over the Principality in the 1670s. Nothing is known about Muhammad's reign however. References Notes Citations Sources * * {{Cite book , last=Ахмадов , first=Я.З. , url=https://www.elibrary.ru/download/elibrary_45631438_53792550.pdf , title=ИСТОРИЧЕСКИЕ ДЕЯТЕЛИ ЧЕЧНИ ВТО ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chechnya
Chechnya, officially the Chechen Republic, is a Republics of Russia, republic of Russia. It is situated in the North Caucasus of Eastern Europe, between the Caspian Sea and Black Sea. The republic forms a part of the North Caucasian Federal District, and shares land borders with Georgia (country), Georgia to its south; with the Russian republics of Dagestan, Ingushetia, and North Ossetia–Alania to its east, north, and west; and with Stavropol Krai to its northwest. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, the Chechnya and Ingushetia in the Soviet Union, Checheno-Ingush ASSR split into two parts: the Republic of Ingushetia and the Chechen Republic. The latter proclaimed the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria, which declared independence, while the former sided with Russia. Following the First Chechen War of 1994–1996 with Russia, Chechnya gained ''de facto'' independence as the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria, although ''de jure'' it remained a part of Russia. Russian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
