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Alternatim
Alternatim refers to a technique of liturgical musical performance, especially in relationship to the Organ Mass, but also to the Hymns, Magnificat and ''Salve regina'' traditionally incorporated into the Vespers and other liturgies of the Catholic Church. A specific part of the Ordinary (liturgy), ordinary of the Mass (such as the Kyrie and the Gloria in excelsis Deo, Gloria) would be divided into ''versets''. Each verset would be performed antiphonally by two groups of singers, giving rise to polyphonic settings of half of the text. One of these groups may alternatively have consisted of a soloist, a group of instruments, or pipe organ, organ. The missing even- or odd-numbered verses were supplied by plainchant or, perhaps more commonly (to judge by the organ masses of Hans Buchner), by improvisations on the organ.. See also Arnaldo Morelli,The role of the organ in the performance practices of Italian sacred polyphony during the Cinquecento, ''American Institute of Musicology#Music ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Organ Mass
The French Organ Mass is a type of Low Mass that came into use during the Baroque era. Essentially it is a Low Mass with organ music playing throughout: part of the so-called alternatim practice. History The French Organ Mass is a classic example of the so-called ''alternatim'' practice, a term which indicates a type of liturgy when alternate sections of liturgical items (such as a Mass (liturgy), Mass or a Magnificat) were performed by different forces.Higginbottom, Grove. In organ ''alternatim'' practice—and so, in the French Organ Mass—the organist plays when texts would otherwise have been sung. The tradition stemmed from the antiphonal psalmody of the early Western church. In France, organ playing was regulated by printed "ceremonials", which specified precisely when the organist should play. The surviving ceremonials are all similar in outline, but differ widely in details. A typical organ Mass comprised versets for the ordinary of the Mass except for the Credo (which was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pipe Organ
The pipe organ is a musical instrument that produces sound by driving pressurised air (called ''wind'') through the organ pipes selected from a Musical keyboard, keyboard. Because each pipe produces a single tone and pitch, the pipes are provided in sets called ''ranks'', each of which has a common timbre, volume, and construction throughout the keyboard Compass (music), compass. Most organs have many ranks of pipes of differing pitch, timbre, and volume that the player can employ singly or in combination through the use of controls called Organ stop, stops. A pipe organ has one or more keyboards (called ''Manual (music), manuals'') played by the hands, and most have a Pedal keyboard, pedal clavier played by the feet; each keyboard controls its own division (group of stops). The keyboard(s), pedalboard, and stops are housed in the organ's Organ console, ''console''. The organ's continuous supply of wind allows it to sustain notes for as long as the corresponding keys are pressed, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Magnificat Composers
The Magnificat, in Latin also ''canticum Beat(issim)ae Virginis Mariae'' (the song of the (most) Blessed Virgin Mary), is a common part of Christian worship, for instance traditionally included in vespers, evensong or matins. As such it is often sung and was set to music by various composers. History In Gregorian chant the Magnificat is sung according to the eight traditional psalm tones: * Tonus I (first tone): ''Magnificat primi toni'' * Tonus II (second tone): ''Magnificat secundi toni'' * Tonus III (third tone): ''Magnificat tertii toni'' * Tonus IV (fourth tone): ''Magnificat quarti toni'' * Tonus V (fifth tone): ''Magnificat quinti toni'' * Tonus VI (sixth tone): ''Magnificat sexti toni'' * Tonus VII (seventh tone): ''Magnificat septimi toni'' * Tonus VIII (eighth tone): ''Magnificat octavi toni'' Composers, or collections of compositions, referring to or using all eight of the traditional Gregorian psalm tone settings of the Magnificat include the Choirbook, D-Ju MS 20 (var ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Verso (music)
The verso is a genre in Iberian organ music, a local variant of the organ mass verset or alternatim.John R. Shannon -The Evolution of Organ Music in the 17th Century 0786488662 2012 - Page 282 "Verset (also verso): In the practice of alternation, a short section of music designed to substitute for a single passage of . " The most prominent examples of the verso or verset in Spanish Baroque organ music are the ''Versos tertii toni'' of Antonio Cabezón Antonio is a masculine given name of Etruscan language, Etruscan origin deriving from the root name Antonius. It is a common name among Romance language–speaking populations as well as the Balkans and Lusophone Africa. It has been among the top ..., and ''Verso para orquesta'' of Ignacio de Jerusalem with lesser known examples such as ''Versos de quatro tono'' of Carmelite friar Pedro Carrera y Lanchares and ''Versos de Kyrie'' of Portuguese composer Manuel Rodrigues Coelho. The vocal lines were not always sung, and today usua ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kyrie
', a transliteration of Greek , vocative case of ('' Kyrios''), is a common name of an important prayer of Christian liturgy, also called the ( ; ). In the Bible The prayer, , "Lord, have mercy" derives from a Biblical phrase. Greek , , is the Septuagint translation of the phrase often found in the Psalms ( 6:2, 9:13, 31:9, 86:3, and 123:3). In the New Testament, the Greek phrase occurs three times in Matthew: * Matthew 15:22: the Canaanite woman cries out to Jesus, "Have mercy on me, O Lord, Son of David." () * Matthew 17:15: "Lord, have mercy on my son" () * Matthew 20:30: two unnamed blind men call out to Jesus, "Lord, have mercy on us, Son of David." () In the Parable of the Publican and the Pharisee (Luke 18:9–14) the despised tax collector who cries out "Lord have mercy on me, a sinner" is contrasted with the smug Pharisee who believes he has no need for forgiveness. Luke 17:13 has , , instead of , , (), being less suggestive of the used as euphemi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liturgical
Liturgy is the customary public ritual of worship performed by a religious group. As a religious phenomenon, liturgy represents a communal response to and participation in the sacred through activities reflecting praise, thanksgiving, remembrance, supplication, or repentance. It forms a basis for establishing a relationship with God. Technically speaking, liturgy forms a subset of ritual. The word ''liturgy'', sometimes equated in English as " service", refers to a formal ritual enacted by those who understand themselves to be participating in an action with the divine. Etymology The word ''liturgy'' (), derived from the technical term in ancient Greek (), ''leitourgia'', which means "work or service for the people" is a literal translation of the two affixes λήϊτος, "leitos", derived from the Attic form of λαός ("people, public"), and ἔργον, "ergon", meaning "work, service". In origin, it signified the often expensive offerings wealthy Greeks made in servi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Messe De La Pentecôte
''Messe de la Pentecôte'' ("Pentecost Mass") is an organ mass composed by Olivier Messiaen in 1949–50. According to the composer, it is based on twenty years of improvising at Église de la Sainte-Trinité, where Messiaen was organist since 1931. Messiaen himself wrote that the work "corresponds almost exactly with the length of a low Mass, and its sections are intended to match with those of the service. The music shows different aspects of the mystery of Pentecost, the Feast of the Holy Spirit." The work was never officially premiered; Messiaen included it discreetly in the celebration of the Eucharist on the Pentecost Sunday of 1951 (13 May). The work is in five movements: # ''Entrée (Les langues de feu)'' - Entrance # ''Offertoire (Les choses visibles et invisibles)'' - Offertory # ''Consécration (Le don de Sagesse)'' - Consecration # ''Communion (Les oiseaux et les sources)'' - Communion # ''Sortie (Le vent de l'Esprit)'' - Recessional The first movement uses "irr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Olivier Messiaen
Olivier Eugène Prosper Charles Messiaen (, ; ; 10 December 1908 – 27 April 1992) was a French composer, organist, and ornithology, ornithologist. One of the major composers of the 20th-century classical music, 20th century, he was also an outstanding teacher of composition and musical analysis. Messiaen entered the Conservatoire de Paris at age 11 and studied with Paul Dukas, Maurice Emmanuel, Charles-Marie Widor and Marcel Dupré, among others. He was appointed organist at the Église de la Sainte-Trinité, Paris, in 1931, a post he held for 61 years, until his death. He taught at the Schola Cantorum de Paris during the 1930s. After the Battle of France, fall of France in 1940, Messiaen was interned for nine months in the German prisoner of war camp Stalag VIII-A, where he composed his (''Quartet for the End of Time'') for the four instruments available in the prison—piano, violin, cello and clarinet. The piece was first performed by Messiaen and fellow prisoners for an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pius X
Pope Pius X (; born Giuseppe Melchiorre Sarto; 2 June 1835 – 20 August 1914) was head of the Catholic Church from 4 August 1903 to his death in August 1914. Pius X is known for vigorously opposing Modernism in the Catholic Church, modernist interpretations of Ten Commandments in Catholic theology, Catholic doctrine, and for promoting liturgical reforms and Thomism, Thomist scholastic theology. He initiated the preparation of the 1917 Code of Canon Law, the first comprehensive and systemic work of its kind, which would ultimately be promulgated by Pope Benedict XV, his successor. He is venerated as a saint in the Catholic Church. Pius X was devoted to the Blessed Virgin Mary under the Marian title, title of Our Lady of Confidence; while his papal encyclical ''Ad diem illum'' took on a sense of renewal that was reflected in the motto of his pontificate. He advanced the Liturgical Movement by formulating the principle of ''participatio actuosa'' (active participation of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
England
England is a Countries of the United Kingdom, country that is part of the United Kingdom. It is located on the island of Great Britain, of which it covers about 62%, and List of islands of England, more than 100 smaller adjacent islands. It shares Anglo-Scottish border, a land border with Scotland to the north and England–Wales border, another land border with Wales to the west, and is otherwise surrounded by the North Sea to the east, the English Channel to the south, the Celtic Sea to the south-west, and the Irish Sea to the west. Continental Europe lies to the south-east, and Ireland to the west. At the 2021 United Kingdom census, 2021 census, the population was 56,490,048. London is both List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, the largest city and the Capital city, capital. The area now called England was first inhabited by modern humans during the Upper Paleolithic. It takes its name from the Angles (tribe), Angles, a Germanic peoples, Germanic tribe who settled du ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heinrich Isaac
Heinrich Isaac (ca. 1450 – 26 March 1517) was a Netherlandish composer of south Netherlandish origin during the Renaissance era. He wrote masses, motets, songs (in French, German and Italian), and instrumental music. A significant contemporary of Josquin des Prez, Isaac influenced the development of music in Germany. Several variants exist of his name: Ysaac, Ysaak, Henricus, Arrigo d'Ugo, and Arrigo il Tedesco among them. (''Tedesco'' means "Flemish" or "German" in Italian.) Early life Little is known about Isaac's early life (or indeed what he called himself), but it is probable that he was born in the Brabant. During the late 15th century, standards of music education in the region were excellent, and he was probably educated in his homeland, although the location is not known.New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians. December 2001. Stanley Sadie Sixteenth-century Swiss music theorist and writer Heinrich Glarean claimed Isaac for Germany by dubbing him "Henricus Isaa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Classical Organ
The French organ school formed in the first half of the 17th century. It progressed from the strict polyphonic music of Jean Titelouze (c. 1563–1633) to a unique, richly ornamented style with its own characteristic forms that made full use of the French classical organ. Instrumental in establishing this style were Louis Couperin (c. 1626–1661), who experimented with structure, registration and melodic lines, expanding the traditional polyphonic forms, and Guillaume-Gabriel Nivers (1632–1714), who established the distinct forms and styles of what was to become the French organ tradition. Characteristic forms and nomenclature French organ composers cultivated four major genres: masses, hymns, suites and noëls. Noëls are variations on Christmas carols, whereas the first three genres were all realized as collections of brief pieces in various characteristic forms. Such forms included the following: * Récit: a piece in which a single voice emerges soloistically above ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
