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Alpowa Creek
Alpowa Creek is a stream in Garfield and Asotin Counties, southeastern Washington. It starts near Peola, about south of Pomeroy, in the foothills of the northern Blue Mountains just outside the Umatilla National Forest. It initially flows north through farmland before descending northeast into a canyon, flanked to the north by Alpowa Ridge and to the south by Knotgrass Ridge. It receives Stember Creek from the left; downstream of there, U.S. Highway 12 runs parallel to it. It empties into the Snake River at Lower Granite Lake, the impoundment formed by Lower Granite Dam, about to the west of Clarkston. The creek's name derives from the Nez Perce ''Alpahwah'' or ''Elpawawe'' meaning "a spring forming a creek", which was the name of a Nez Perce village that once stood at the confluence of Alpowa Creek and the Snake River. The creek supports a minor population of Snake River steelhead trout. Due to the impacts of livestock grazing and water diversion for agriculture, it has ...
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Washington (state)
Washington, officially the State of Washington, is a U.S. state, state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. It is often referred to as Washington State to distinguish it from Washington, D.C., the national capital, both named after George Washington (the first President of the United States, U.S. president). Washington borders the Pacific Ocean to the west, Oregon to the south, Idaho to the east, and shares Canada–United States border, an international border with the Provinces and territories of Canada, Canadian province of British Columbia to the north. Olympia, Washington, Olympia is the List of capitals in the United States, state capital, and the most populous city is Seattle. Washington is the List of U.S. states and territories by area, 18th-largest state, with an area of , and the List of U.S. states and territories by population, 13th-most populous state, with a population of just less than 8 million. The majority of Washington's residents live ...
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Umatilla National Forest
The Umatilla National Forest, in the Blue Mountains (Oregon), Blue Mountains of northeast Oregon and southeast Washington (U.S. state), Washington, covers an area of 1.4 million acres (5,700 km2). In descending order of land area the forest is located in parts of Umatilla County, Oregon, Umatilla, Grant County, Oregon, Grant, Columbia County, Washington, Columbia, Morrow County, Oregon, Morrow, Wallowa County, Oregon, Wallowa, Union County, Oregon, Union, Garfield County, Washington, Garfield, Asotin County, Washington, Asotin, Wheeler County, Oregon, Wheeler, and Walla Walla County, Washington, Walla Walla counties. (Columbia, Garfield, Asotin, and Walla Walla counties are in Washington, while the rest are in Oregon.) More than three-quarters of the forest lies in the state of Oregon. Forest headquarters are located in Pendleton, Oregon. There are local National Park Ranger, ranger district offices in Heppner, Oregon, Heppner and Ukiah, Oregon, Ukiah in Oregon, and in Pomero ...
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Indian Timothy Memorial Bridge
The Indian Timothy Memorial Bridge is a tied-arch bridge which spans Alpowa Creek less than half a mile before that creek joins the Snake River, about west of Clarkston in Asotin County, Washington. It was built by the Washington State Department of Transportation in 1923 and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982. It is the only two-span tied arch bridge in the state, and one of only five concrete tied arch bridges. It has two arches, each of which has rise. It is named for Ta-moot-Tsoo (Chief Timothy), a Nez Perce Indian who lived from 1800–1891, who was "a true friend of the early settlers of Washington, Oregon, and Idaho." Chief Timothy Park is located on Silcott Island in the Snake River, close to the mouth of Alpowa Creek. The bridge was bypassed when what is now U.S. Route 12 was widened to four lanes in the 1970s, and stands roughly parallel to the new bridge, about apart. With .Google Maps' map view and satellite view, accessed June 13, ...
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List Of Rivers Of Washington (state)
This is a list of rivers in the U.S. state of Washington. By drainage basin This list is arranged by drainage basin. Respective tributaries are indented under each larger stream's name and are ordered downstream to upstream. Strait of Georgia / Salish Sea * Fraser River (British Columbia) ** Sumas River *** Chilliwack River **** Silesia Creek **** Depot Creek **** Little Chilliwack River * Lummi River Bellingham Bay * Nooksack River ** South Fork Nooksack *** Hard Scrabble Creek *** Hutchinson Creek ** Middle Fork Nooksack ** North Fork Nooksack *** Wells Creek * Samish River * Whatcom Creek Puget Sound Whidbey Basin * Skagit River ** O'Toole Creek ** Pressentin Creek ** Grandy Creek ** Baker River *** Swift Creek *** Shannon Creek *** Blum Creek *** Sulphide Creek ** Jackman Creek ** Sauk River *** Suiattle River *** Clear Creek *** White Chuck River *** Sloan Creek ** Cascade River *** Bacon Creek *** Goodell Creek * Stillaguamish River ** Boulder River * Snohomish ...
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Steelhead Trout
Steelhead, or occasionally steelhead trout, is the anadromous form of the coastal rainbow trout or Columbia River redband trout (''O. m. gairdneri'', also called redband steelhead). Steelhead are native to cold-water tributaries of the Pacific basin in Northeast Asia and North America. Like other sea-run (anadromous) trout and salmon, steelhead spawn in freshwater, smolts migrate to the ocean to forage for several years and adults return to their natal streams to spawn. Steelhead are iteroparous, although their survival rate is approximately only 10–20%. Description The freshwater form of the steelhead is the rainbow trout (''Oncorhynchus mykiss''). The difference between these forms of the species is that steelhead migrate to the ocean and return to freshwater tributaries to spawn, whereas non-anadromous rainbow trout do not leave freshwater. Steelhead are also larger and less colorful than rainbow trout. Steelhead can weigh up to and reach in length. They can live u ...
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Nez Perce Language
Nez Perce, also spelled Nez Percé or called nimipuutímt (alternatively spelled ''nimiipuutímt'', ''niimiipuutímt'', or ''niimi'ipuutímt''), is a Sahaptian language related to the several dialects of Sahaptin (note the spellings ''-ian'' vs. ''-in''). Nez Perce comes from the French phrase , "pierced nose"; however, Nez Perce, who call themselves , meaning "the people", did not pierce their noses. This misnomer may have occurred as a result of confusion on the part of the French, as it was surrounding tribes who did so. The Sahaptian sub-family is one of the branches of the Plateau Penutian family (which, in turn, may be related to a larger Penutian grouping). It is spoken by the Nez Perce people of the Northwestern United States. Nez Perce is a highly endangered language. While sources differ on the exact number of fluent speakers, it is almost definitely under 100. The Nez Perce tribe is endeavoring to reintroduce the language into native usage through a language re ...
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Lower Granite Dam
Lower Granite Lock and Dam is a concrete gravity Run-of-the-river hydroelectricity, run-of-the-river dam in southeastern Washington (state), Washington in the United States. On the lower Snake River, it bridges Whitman County, Washington, Whitman and Garfield County, Washington, Garfield counties. Opened in 1975, the dam is located south of Colfax, Washington, Colfax and north of Pomeroy, Washington, Pomeroy. Lower Granite Dam is part of the Columbia River, Columbia River Basin system of dams, built and operated by the United States Army, U.S. Army United States Army Corps of Engineers, Corps of Engineers; power generated is distributed by the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA). Behind the dam, Lower Granite Lake extends east to the confluence with the Clearwater River (Idaho), Clearwater River at Lewiston, Idaho, and allowed the city to become a port. The first barge to Portland, Oregon, Portland on the navigation route was loaded with wheat and departed Lewiston on Augus ...
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Lower Granite Lake
Lower Granite Lake is a reservoir created by Lower Granite Dam. The dam is a concrete gravity run-of-the-river dam in the northwest United States. On the lower Snake River in southeastern Washington, it bridges Whitman and Garfield counties. Opened in 1975, the dam is located south of Colfax and north of Pomeroy. Lower Granite Dam is part of the Columbia River Basin system of dams, built and operated by the United States Army Corps of Engineers; power generated is distributed by the Bonneville Power Administration. Behind the dam, Lower Granite Lake extends east to Lewiston, Idaho and Clarkston, Washington, and allowed the Lewiston–Clarkston metropolitan area to become a port. The first barge to Portland on the navigation route was loaded with wheat and departed Lewiston on August 9, 1975.' Bridges * Southway Bridge - crosses between Lewiston, Idaho and Clarkston, Washington * Interstate Highway Bridge - also crosses between Lewiston and Clarkston, carrying U.S. Ro ...
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Farmland
Agricultural land is typically land ''devoted to'' agriculture, the systematic and controlled use of other forms of lifeparticularly the rearing of livestock and production of cropsto produce food for humans. It is generally synonymous with both farmland or cropland, as well as pasture or rangeland. The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and others following its definitions, however, also use ''agricultural land'' or as a term of art, where it means the collection of: * '' arable land'' (also known as ''cropland''): here redefined to refer to land producing crops requiring annual replanting or fallowland or pasture used for such crops within any five-year period * '' permanent cropland'': land producing crops which do not require annual replanting * ''permanent pastures'': natural or artificial grasslands and shrublands able to be used for grazing livestock This sense of "agricultural land" thus includes a great deal of land not devoted to agricultural use ...
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Pomeroy, Washington
Pomeroy is the county seat of Garfield County, Washington, United States and is the only incorporated city in the county. The population was 1,389 at the 2020 United States census, 2020 census. Geography According to the United States Census Bureau, Pomeroy has a total area of , all of it land. U.S. Route 12 in Washington serves as the primary highway through town, connecting Pomeroy with the Lewiston–Clarkston metropolitan area (to the east) and the Tri-Cities, Washington, Tri-Cities metro area/Walla Walla, Washington, Walla Walla area (to the west). The city is 1,857 ft above sea level in the very hilly region between the Blue Mountains (Pacific Northwest), Blue Mountains (to the south) and the Palouse, Palouse region (to the north). The primary highway through town passes over Alpowa Summit (2,785 ft) only a few miles east of town. History The Nez Perce people, Nez Perce trail existed in the area before history was recorded, and the first written record of cau ...
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Garfield County, Washington
Garfield County is a county located in the U.S. state of Washington. As of the 2020 census, the population was 2,286, making it the least populous county in Washington; with about , it is also the least densely populated county in Washington. The county seat and only city is Pomeroy. History The area delineated by the future Washington state boundary began to be colonized at the start of the nineteenth century, both by Americans and British. However, the majority of British exploration and interest in the land was due to the fur trade, whereas American settlers were principally seeking land for agriculture and cattle raising. The Treaty of 1818 provided for the creation of a British and American condominium over the region. During this period, the future Washington Territory was divided into two administrative zones, Clark County and Lewis County, officially in 1845. However, the condominium arrangement was unwieldy, leading to continuous disputes and occasional conflict; ...
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Stream
A stream is a continuous body of water, body of surface water Current (stream), flowing within the stream bed, bed and bank (geography), banks of a channel (geography), channel. Depending on its location or certain characteristics, a stream may be referred to by a variety of local or regional names. Long, large streams are usually called rivers, while smaller, less voluminous and more intermittent river, intermittent streams are known, amongst others, as brook, creek, rivulet, rill, run, tributary, feeder, freshet, narrow river, and streamlet. The flow of a stream is controlled by three inputs – surface runoff (from precipitation or meltwater), daylighting (streams), daylighted subterranean river, subterranean water, and surfaced groundwater (Spring (hydrology), spring water). The surface and subterranean water are highly variable between periods of rainfall. Groundwater, on the other hand, has a relatively constant input and is controlled more by long-term patterns of pr ...
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