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Alphapapillomavirus
''Alphapapillomavirus'' is a genus of viruses, in the family ''Papillomaviridae''. Human and monkeys serve as natural hosts. There are 14 species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: warts, papilloma, malignant tumours. Genital-type, high-risk of malignancy (cervical cancer): HPV-16, 18. Genital-type, low-risk of malignancy (genital warts): HPV-6, 11. Taxonomy The following species are assigned to the genus: * '' Alphapapillomavirus 1'' * '' Alphapapillomavirus 2'' * '' Alphapapillomavirus 3'' * '' Alphapapillomavirus 4'' * '' Alphapapillomavirus 5'' * '' Alphapapillomavirus 6'' * '' Alphapapillomavirus 7'' * '' Alphapapillomavirus 8'' * '' Alphapapillomavirus 9'' * '' Alphapapillomavirus 10'' * '' Alphapapillomavirus 11'' * ''Alphapapillomavirus 12'' * '' Alphapapillomavirus 13'' * '' Alphapapillomavirus 14'' Structure Viruses in ''Alphapapillomavirus'' are non-enveloped, with icosahedral geometries, and T=7 symmetry. The diameter is around 60 nm. G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Viruses
A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells Cell most often refers to: * Cell (biology), the functional basic unit of life Cell may also refer to: Locations * Monastic cell, a small room, hut, or cave in which a religious recluse lives, alternatively the small precursor of a monastery w ... of an organism. Viruses infect all life forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea. Since Dmitri Ivanovsky's 1892 article describing a non-bacterial pathogen infecting tobacco plants and the discovery of the tobacco mosaic virus by Martinus Beijerinck in 1898,Dimmock p. 4 more than 9,000 virus species have been described in detail of the millions of types of viruses in the environment. Viruses are found in almost every ecosystem on Earth and are the most numerous type of biological entity. The study of viruses is known as virology, a subspeciality of microbiology. When infected, a host cell is ofte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alphapapillomavirus 9
''Alphapapillomavirus'' is a genus of viruses, in the family ''Papillomaviridae''. Human and monkeys serve as natural hosts. There are 14 species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: warts, papilloma, malignant tumours. Genital-type, high-risk of malignancy (cervical cancer): HPV-16, 18. Genital-type, low-risk of malignancy (genital warts): HPV-6, 11. Taxonomy The following species are assigned to the genus: * '' Alphapapillomavirus 1'' * '' Alphapapillomavirus 2'' * '' Alphapapillomavirus 3'' * '' Alphapapillomavirus 4'' * '' Alphapapillomavirus 5'' * '' Alphapapillomavirus 6'' * '' Alphapapillomavirus 7'' * '' Alphapapillomavirus 8'' * '' Alphapapillomavirus 9'' * '' Alphapapillomavirus 10'' * '' Alphapapillomavirus 11'' * ''Alphapapillomavirus 12'' * '' Alphapapillomavirus 13'' * '' Alphapapillomavirus 14'' Structure Viruses in ''Alphapapillomavirus'' are non-enveloped, with icosahedral geometries, and T=7 symmetry. The diameter is around 60 nm. G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ribosomal Shunting
Ribosome shunting is a mechanism of translation initiation in which ribosomes bypass, or "shunt over", parts of the 5' untranslated region to reach the start codon. However, a benefit of ribosomal shunting is that it can translate backwards allowing more information to be stored than usual in an mRNA In molecular biology, messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) is a single-stranded molecule of RNA that corresponds to the genetic sequence of a gene, and is read by a ribosome in the process of synthesizing a protein. mRNA is created during the ... molecule. Some viral RNAs have been shown to use ribosome shunting as a more efficient form of translation during certain stages of viral life cycle or when translation initiation factors are scarce (e.g. cleavage by viral proteases). Some viruses known to use this mechanism include adenovirus, Sendai virus, human papillomavirus, duck hepatitis B pararetrovirus, rice tungro bacilliform viruses, and cauliflower mosaic virus. In these viru ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alphapapillomavirus 14
''Alphapapillomavirus'' is a genus of viruses, in the family ''Papillomaviridae''. Human and monkeys serve as natural hosts. There are 14 species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: warts, papilloma, malignant tumours. Genital-type, high-risk of malignancy (cervical cancer): HPV-16, 18. Genital-type, low-risk of malignancy (genital warts): HPV-6, 11. Taxonomy The following species are assigned to the genus: * '' Alphapapillomavirus 1'' * '' Alphapapillomavirus 2'' * '' Alphapapillomavirus 3'' * '' Alphapapillomavirus 4'' * '' Alphapapillomavirus 5'' * '' Alphapapillomavirus 6'' * '' Alphapapillomavirus 7'' * '' Alphapapillomavirus 8'' * ''Alphapapillomavirus 9'' * '' Alphapapillomavirus 10'' * '' Alphapapillomavirus 11'' * ''Alphapapillomavirus 12'' * '' Alphapapillomavirus 13'' * '' Alphapapillomavirus 14'' Structure Viruses in ''Alphapapillomavirus'' are non-enveloped, with icosahedral geometries, and T=7 symmetry. The diameter is around 60 nm. Ge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Papillomaviridae
''Papillomaviridae'' is a family of non- enveloped DNA viruses whose members are known as papillomaviruses. Several hundred species of papillomaviruses, traditionally referred to as "types", have been identified infecting all carefully inspected mammals, but also other vertebrates such as birds, snakes, turtles and fish. Infection by most papillomavirus types, depending on the type, is either asymptomatic (e.g. most Beta-PVs) or causes small benign tumors, known as papillomas or warts (e.g. human papillomavirus 1, HPV6 or HPV11). Papillomas caused by some types, however, such as human papillomaviruses 16 and 18, carry a risk of becoming cancerous. Papillomaviruses are usually considered as highly host- and tissue-tropic, and are thought to rarely be transmitted between species. Papillomaviruses replicate exclusively in the basal layer of the body surface tissues. All known papillomavirus types infect a particular body surface, typically the skin or mucosal epithelium of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alphapapillomavirus 7
''Alphapapillomavirus'' is a genus of viruses, in the family ''Papillomaviridae''. Human and monkeys serve as natural hosts. There are 14 species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: warts, papilloma, malignant tumours. Genital-type, high-risk of malignancy (cervical cancer): HPV-16, 18. Genital-type, low-risk of malignancy (genital warts): HPV-6, 11. Taxonomy The following species are assigned to the genus: * '' Alphapapillomavirus 1'' * '' Alphapapillomavirus 2'' * '' Alphapapillomavirus 3'' * '' Alphapapillomavirus 4'' * '' Alphapapillomavirus 5'' * '' Alphapapillomavirus 6'' * '' Alphapapillomavirus 7'' * ''Alphapapillomavirus 8'' * ''Alphapapillomavirus 9'' * ''Alphapapillomavirus 10'' * ''Alphapapillomavirus 11'' * ''Alphapapillomavirus 12'' * ''Alphapapillomavirus 13'' * ''Alphapapillomavirus 14'' Structure Viruses in ''Alphapapillomavirus'' are non-enveloped, with icosahedral geometries, and T=7 symmetry. The diameter is around 60 nm. Genomes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
