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Allied Air Flight 111
Allied Air Flight 111 was a cargo flight operated by Lagos-based cargo airliner Allied Air, flying from Lagos, Nigeria to Accra, Ghana. The flight was operated with a Boeing 727 cargo aircraft. On 2 June 2012, the aircraft crashed on landing at Kotoka International Airport, killing twelve people on the ground. The aircraft overran the runway, broke through the airport perimeter fence, and struck a minibus and bicycle on a roadway. All four crew members on the plane survived, but all 10 aboard the minibus, a cyclist and a passenger of a taxi were killed. It was the second deadliest accident in Ghanaian aviation history. Flight Allied Air Flight 111 was a flight from Lagos Murtala Muhammed Airport to Kotoka International Airport with 4 crew members aboard. It took off from Lagos at 19:04 local time and was cleared to flight level 240. The flight operated under instrument flight rules (IFR). Weather was reported to be inclement, with turbulence reportedly present. As it w ...
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Runway Overrun
A runway excursion is a runway safety incident in which an aircraft makes an inappropriate exit from the runway. This happens mainly due to late landings or inappropriate runway choice. There are several types of runway excursions: * A departing aircraft fails to become airborne or successfully reject the takeoff before reaching the end of the designated runway. * A landing aircraft is unable to stop before the end of the designated runway is reached, causing it to keep moving and leave the runway. * An aircraft taking off, rejecting takeoff or landing departs the side of the designated runway, not airborne. When an aircraft exits the end of the runway, this is referred to as runway overrun (or informally, runway overshoot). Runway excursions can happen because of pilot error, poor weather, or a fault with the aircraft. Runway excursions may occur both during takeoff or landing. According to the Flight Safety Foundation, as of 2008, runway excursions were the most frequent ...
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Flight Rules
Flight rules are regulations and procedures adopted for flying aircraft in various conditions. Flight rule regimes include: * Instrument flight rules, regulations and procedures for flying aircraft by referring only to the aircraft instrument panel for navigation * Special Needs, a set of aviation regulations under which a pilot may operate an aircraft * Visual flight rules, a set of regulations which allow a pilot to operate an aircraft in weather conditions generally clear enough to allow the pilot to see where the aircraft is going See also * Instrument meteorological conditions, weather conditions that normally require pilots to fly under instrument flight rules * Visual meteorological conditions In aviation, visual meteorological conditions (VMC) is an aviation flight category in which visual flight rules (VFR) flight is permitted—that is, conditions in which pilots have sufficient visibility to fly the aircraft maintaining visual se ..., weather conditions that normall ...
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Airliner Accidents And Incidents Involving Runway Overruns
An airliner is a type of airplane for transporting passengers and air cargo. Such aircraft are most often operated by airlines. The modern and most common variant of the airliner is a long, tube shaped, and jet powered aircraft. The largest of them are wide-body jets which are also called twin-aisle because they generally have two separate aisles running from the front to the back of the passenger cabin. These are usually used for long-haul flights between airline hubs and major cities. A smaller, more common class of airliners is the narrow-body or single-aisle. These are generally used for short to medium-distance flights with fewer passengers than their wide-body counterparts. Regional airliners typically seat fewer than 100 passengers and may be powered by turbofans or turboprops. These airliners are the non- mainline counterparts to the larger aircraft operated by the major carriers, legacy carriers, and flag carriers, and are used to feed traffic into the large airline ...
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Aviation Accidents And Incidents In Ghana
Aviation includes the activities surrounding mechanical flight and the aircraft industry. ''Aircraft'' include fixed-wing and rotary-wing types, morphable wings, wing-less lifting bodies, as well as lighter-than-air aircraft such as hot air balloons and airships. Aviation began in the 18th century with the development of the hot air balloon, an apparatus capable of atmospheric displacement through buoyancy. Clément Ader built the "Ader Éole" in France and made an uncontrolled, powered hop in 1890. This was the first powered aircraft, although it did not achieve controlled flight. Some of the most significant advancements in aviation technology came with the controlled gliding flying of Otto Lilienthal in 1896. A major leap followed with the construction of the ''Wright Flyer'', the first powered airplane by the Wright brothers in the early 1900s. Since that time, aviation has been technologically revolutionized by the introduction of the jet engine which enabled aviation ...
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Accidents And Incidents Involving The Boeing 727
An accident is an unintended, normally unwanted event that was not deliberately caused by humans. The term ''accident'' implies that the event may have been caused by unrecognized or unaddressed risks. Many researchers, insurers and attorneys who specialize in unintentional injury prefer to avoid using the term ''accident'', and focus on conditions that increase risk of severe injury or that reduce injury incidence and severity. For example, when a tree falls down during a wind storm, its fall may not have been directly caused by human error, but the tree's type, size, health, location, or improper maintenance may have contributed to the result. Most car crashes are the result of dangerous behavior and not purely ''accidents''; however, English speakers started using that word in the mid-20th century as a result of media manipulation by the US automobile industry. Accidental deaths were much less frequent before high-powered machinery began to spread with the Industrial Revolutio ...
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2012 In Ghana
2012 in Ghana details events of note that has been predicted to happen in the Ghana in the year 2012. Incumbents * President of Ghana, President - John Atta Mills (until July 24) John Dramani Mahama * Vice President of Ghana, Vice President: Kwesi Amissah-Arthur * Chief Justice of Ghana, Chief Justice: Georgina Theodora Wood, Georgina Wood * Speaker of the Parliament of Ghana, Speaker of Parliament: Joyce Bamford-Addo Events January February March April May June * June 2 — Nigerian cargo plane crashes at the Kotoka International Airport, killing ten people. July * July 24 - John Atta Mills, President of Ghana, dies suddenly at the Military Hospital in Accra. * July 24 - John Dramani Mahama was sworn in as Ghana's new president August * August 6 - Kwesi Amissah-Arthur sworn in as Vice President of Ghana. September October November December *7 & 8 December - Presidential and parliamentary election to be held. National holidays Holidays in italics are "special d ...
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Pan American World Airways
Pan American World Airways, originally founded as Pan American Airways and more commonly known as Pan Am, was an airline that was the principal and largest international air carrier and unofficial overseas flag carrier of the United States for much of the 20th century. The first airline to fly worldwide, it pioneered innovations such as Wide-body aircraft, jumbo jets and computerized reservation systems, and introduced the Boeing 707, first American jetliner in 1958. Until its dissolution on December 4, 1991, Pan Am "epitomized the luxury and glamour of intercontinental travel", and it remains a cultural icon of the 20th century, identified by its blue globe logo ("The Blue Meatball"), the use of the word "Clipper" in its aircraft names and call signs, and the white uniform caps of its pilots. Founded in 1927 by two U.S. Army Air Corps majors, Pan Am began as a scheduled airmail and passenger service flying between Key West, Florida, and Havana, Cuba. In the 1930s, under the le ...
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Ghana Civil Aviation Authority
GCAA or Ghana Civil Aviation Authority is the civil aviation authority and regulatory agency of the Republic of Ghana for air transportation in the country. It has its headquarters in Kotoka Airport in Accra.Contacts Ghana Civil Aviation Authority
." Ghana Civil Aviation Authority. Retrieved on December 8, 2011. "Ghana Civil Aviation Authority Address: Private Mail Bag Kotoka International Airport Accra Ghana"
It also provides air navigation services within the Accra Flight Information Region (FIR), which comprises the airspace over the Republic of Ghana and a large area over the in the

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Runway
In aviation, a runway is an elongated, rectangular surface designed for the landing and takeoff of an aircraft. Runways may be a human-made surface (often asphalt concrete, asphalt, concrete, or a mixture of both) or a natural surface (sod, grass, soil, dirt, gravel, ice, sand or road salt, salt). Runways, taxiways and Airport apron, ramps, are sometimes referred to as "tarmac", though very few runways are built using Tarmacadam, tarmac. Takeoff and landing areas defined on the surface of water for seaplanes are generally referred to as waterways. Runway lengths are now International Civil Aviation Organization#Use of the International System of Units, commonly given in meters worldwide, except in North America where feet are commonly used. History In 1916, in a World War I war effort context, the first concrete-paved runway was built in Clermont-Ferrand in France, allowing local company Michelin to manufacture Bréguet Aviation military aircraft. In January 1919, aviation p ...
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Speed Brake
In aeronautics, air brakes, or speed brakes, are a type of flight control surface used on an aircraft to increase the drag on the aircraft. When extended into the airstream, air brakes cause an increase in the drag on the aircraft. When not in use, they conform to the local streamlined profile of the aircraft in order to help minimize drag. Air brakes differ from spoilers in that air brakes are designed to increase drag while making little change to lift, whereas spoilers reduce the lift-to-drag ratio and require a higher angle of attack to maintain lift, resulting in a higher stall speed. However, flight spoilers are routinely referred to as "speed brakes" on transport aircraft by pilots and manufacturers, despite significantly reducing lift. History In the early decades of powered flight, air brakes were flaps mounted on the wings. They were manually controlled by a lever in the cockpit, and mechanical linkages to the air brake. Another early type of air brake, dev ...
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Approach Lighting System
An approach lighting system (ALS) is a lighting system installed on the approach end of an airport runway and consisting of a series of lightbars, strobe lights, or a combination of the two that extends outward from the runway end. ALS usually serves a runway that has an instrument approach procedure (IAP) associated with it and allows the pilot to visually identify the runway environment and align the aircraft with the runway upon arriving at a prescribed point on an approach. Modern approach lighting systems are highly complex in their design and significantly enhance the safety of aircraft operations, particularly in conditions of reduced visibility. Operation The required minimum visibilities for instrument approaches is influenced by the presence and type of approach lighting system. In the U.S., a CAT I ILS approach without approach lights will have a minimum required visibility of 3/4 mile, or 4000 foot runway visual range. With a 1400-foot or longer approach light s ...
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