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Ali Murtopo
Ali Murtopo (23 September 1924 – 15 May 1984) was a prominent Indonesian general and political figure during the first half of General Suharto's New Order regime. Early life Ali Murtopo was born on 23 September 1924 in Kebumen, Central Java and received his education in Central Java and West Java. He met his wife, Wastoeti, in Yogyakarta and they were married in May 1956. Military career Born in Blora 23 September 1924, Ali Murtopo spent his education in Meer Uitgebreid Lager Onderwijs. As a teenager, Ali joined Hizbullah but would eventually join the Indonesian military. During the Indonesian National Revolution, Ali became a staff member in a brigade led by Ahmad Yani. However, somewhat different versions of the past of Ali came from general Sumitro, and Wadyono, 17th Regiment of TKR army commander. Both of them testified that Ali Murtopo originally is a member of NEFIS agent who worked for Dutch: * Sumitro version told that his close friend, Kasman Singodimedjo, w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lieutenant General
Lieutenant general (Lt Gen, LTG and similar) is a military rank used in many countries. The rank traces its origins to the Middle Ages, where the title of lieutenant general was held by the second-in-command on the battlefield, who was normally subordinate to a captain general. In modern armies, lieutenant general normally ranks immediately below general (or colonel general) and above major general; it is equivalent to the navy rank of vice admiral, and in air forces with a separate rank structure, it is equivalent to air marshal. In the United States, a lieutenant general has a three star insignia and commands an army corps, typically made up of three army divisions, and consisting of around 60,000 to 70,000 soldiers. The seeming incongruity that a lieutenant general outranks a major general (whereas a major outranks a lieutenant) is due to the derivation of major general from sergeant major general, which was a rank subordinate to lieutenant general (as a lieutenan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blora, Blora
Blora is a town and district in Blora Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. The district borders Rembang Regency to the north, Jepon, Blora, Jepon District to the east and south, and Banjarejo District and Tunjungan District to the west. It is also the administrative capital of Blora Regency. During the period of 1928–31, it was also the seat of Blora Residency. Administrative divisions Blora consists of 16 Villages of Indonesia, rural villages (''desa'') and 12 Kelurahan, urban villages (''kelurahan):'' The ten ''kelurahan'' are situated in the centre of the district, with Jejuruk ''desa'' to its east. The first five ''desa'' (numbered 2001 to 2005) are south of the centre, and the last ten ''desa'' (numbered 2019 to 2028) are north of the centre. Geography Climate Blora features a tropical monsoon climate (Am). The district features distinctly wetter and drier months, with June through August being the driest months. Blora on average sees approximately of rain annually. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kodam IV/Diponegoro
KODAM IV/Diponegoro or IV ''Military Regional Command/Diponegoro'' () is a military area command (effectively a military district) of the Indonesian Army. It covers the provinces of Central Java and Special Region of Yogyakarta on the island of Java. It is named after the Java War hero Prince Diponegoro. It appears to have been first established in 1950, and inherited the heritage of the former 3rd Diponegoro Division and other Central Java infantry units. Diponegoro Division personnel have been very significant in the history of the Indonesian Army. Among its early officers were Sarwo Edhie Wibowo, who served as battalion and regimental commander in the division from 1945 to 1953. Former commanders of the division include Soeharto, a former president of Indonesia. Divisional personnel, including Lieutenant Colonel Untung Syamsuri, were involved in the 30 September Movement events of 1965. Former president Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono was also member of this KODAM when he took comma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Darul Islam (Indonesia)
Darul Islam ( meaning ''Divisions of the world in Islam, House of Islam''), also known as Darul Islam/Islamic Armed Forces of Indonesia (, DI/TII), is an Islamism, Islamist group whose goal is to fight for the establishment of an Islamic state in Indonesia. It was established in 1942 by a group of Muslim militias, coordinated by the Muslim politician, Sekarmadji Maridjan Kartosoewirjo. The group recognises only ''Shari'a'' as the valid source of law. The movement has produced splinters and offshoots that range from Jemaah Islamiyah to non-violent religious groups. Establishment During the Indonesian National Revolution, Kartosoewirjo founded his own band of fighters in West Java, called Hizbullah and Sabilillah. As a protest toward the Renville Agreement signed by Indonesian leaders in 1948, which State of Pasundan, ceded West Java to the Dutch, Kartosoewirjo proclaimed a ''Darul Islam'' (meaning "Islamic State") in West Java on 7 August 1949. Darul Islam did not disband itsel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
400th Raider Infantry Battalion
The 400th Raider Infantry Battalion () is one of the 42 active Indonesian Army Raider Infantry Battalions. It was founded on 23 March 1953 and was transformed into its present form on Army Day, 22 December 2003 - one of the first generation Raider Battalions to be raised. The ''Banteng Raiders'' honorific honors the battalion being raised in response towards the threat posed by the Darul Islam's armed wing, the ''Tentara Islam Indonesia'', in its area of operations as part of Kodam IV/Diponegoro territorial command, and its origins date back to 1950. It also took part in the events following the 1965 30 September Movement, wherein infantrymen from the Battalion were operationally deployed to Jakarta. (Ironically, the leader of the movement. Lt Col Untung Syamsuri, was a former commanding officer with the battalion.) The battalion today is stationed in Semarang in Central Java. Brief history In January 1950, the Darul Islam movement was beginning to threaten the peace in Cen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Company (military Unit)
A company is a Military organization#Commands, formations, and units, military unit, typically consisting of 100–250 soldiers and usually commanded by a Major (rank), major or a Captain (armed forces), captain. Most companies are made up of three to seven platoons, although the exact number may vary by country, unit type, and structure. Usually several companies are grouped as a battalion or regiment, the latter of which is sometimes formed by several battalions. Occasionally, ''independent'' or ''separate'' companies are organized for special purposes, such as the Air Naval Gunfire Liaison Company, 1st Air Naval Gunfire Liaison Company or the 3rd Force Reconnaissance Company. These companies are not organic to a battalion or regiment, but rather report directly to a higher level organization such as a Marine Expeditionary Force headquarters (i.e., a corps-level command). Historical background The modern military company became popularized during the reorganization of the S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tegal
Tegal is a city in the northwest part of Central Java of Indonesia. It is situated on the north coast (or ''pesisir'') of the province of Central Java, about from Semarang, the capital of the province. It had a population of 239,599 at the 2010 CensusBiro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011. and 273,825 at the 2020 Census;Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021. the official estimate as at mid 2024 was 285,843 (comprising 144,086 males and 141,757 females). The city is administratively separate from Tegal Regency, which borders it to the south and east; Brebes Regency borders it to the west. As originally calculated, the metropolitan area of the city and surrounding districts within Tegal Regency at the 1990 Census was 719,847 (not including 289,103 inhabitants within Brebes Regency). Its built-up (''or metro'') area made up of Tegal Municipality and 12 districts spread over Tegal and Brebes Regencies was home to 1,410,124 inhabitants as at the 2010 censusBiro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kasman Singodimedjo
Kasman Singodimedjo (25 February 1904 – 25 October 1982) was an Indonesian nationalist, politician, and National Hero of Indonesia, National Hero who served as the second Attorney General's Office of Indonesia, Attorney General of Indonesia between November 1945 and May 1946, and as the first chairman of the Central Indonesian National Committee (KNIP) in 1945. Born near Purworejo to a Muslim family, Kasman was educated in colonial schools before enrolling at the STOVIA medical school and the University of Indonesia, Batavia Law School. Graduating from the latter, he worked as a teacher before joining the Japanese Defenders of the Homeland, PETA militia during the Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies, Japanese occupation period. He then participated in the Preparatory Committee for Indonesian Independence, lobbying other Muslim leaders to compromise in favor of national unity. After the proclamation of Indonesian independence in August 1945, he served as chairman of KNIP ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People's Security Army
The People's Security Army () or commonly abbreviated as TKR is the name of the first military force A military, also known collectively as armed forces, is a heavily Weapon, armed, highly organized force primarily intended for warfare. Militaries are typically authorized and maintained by a sovereign state, with their members identifiable ... formed by the Indonesian Government, after the Proclamation of Indonesian Independence. TKR was formed on October 5, 1945, based on an announcement issued by the Government of Indonesia, Government of the Republic of Indonesia. TKR was formed as a result of improving the function of the previously existing People's Security Agency (BKR) and its core army was taken from the former Royal Netherlands East Indies Army, KNIL & Defenders of the Homeland, PETA. The formation of this army was aimed at overcoming a situation that was starting to become unsafe, due to the return of allied troops to Indonesia after Japan surrendered unconditio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sumitro
Sumitro or Soemitro (13 January 1927 – 10 May 1998) was a prominent Indonesian general in the early years of General Suharto's New Order (Indonesia), New Order before suddenly falling from grace in January 1974 after the Malari incident. Early life Sumitro was born in Probolinggo, East Java on 13 January 1925. His father worked as a cashier for the Gending Sugar Factory and was also an activist with the Indonesian National Party whilst his mother was a housewife. As a child, Sumitro grew up at a Pesantren. During the Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies, Sumitro joined the Defenders of the Homeland, Defenders of the Motherland Army (PETA), an auxiliary force set up by the Japanese Imperial Army which consisted of Indonesians with the intention of assisting them should the United States invade Java. Sumitro undertook basic training in Bogor and developed a reputation as a cadet who regularly broke the rules. By 1944, Sumitro had achieved enough to have been appointed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ahmad Yani
Ahmad Yani (19 June 1922 – 1 October 1965) was the Commander of the Indonesian Army, and was killed by members of the 30 September Movement during an attempt to kidnap him from his house. Early life Ahmad Yani was born in Jenar, Purworejo, Dutch East Indies on 19 June 1922 to the Wongsoredjo family that worked at a sugar factory run by a Dutch owner. In 1927, Yani moved with his family to Batavia, Dutch East Indies, Batavia, where his father worked for a Dutch general. There, Yani finished his primary education, leaving high school in 1940 to undergo compulsory military service in the colonial Royal Netherlands East Indies Army, Army of the Dutch East Indies, initially training as a navy seaman (rank), seaman. He studied military topography in Malang, East Java, but this was interrupted by the Dutch East Indies campaign, Japanese invasion in 1942, forcing Yani and his family back to Central Java. In 1943, he joined the Japanese-sponsored Defenders of the Homeland, PETA ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indonesian National Revolution
The Indonesian National Revolution (), also known as the Indonesian War of Independence (, ), was an armed conflict and diplomatic struggle between the Republic of Indonesia and the Dutch Empire and an internal social revolution during Aftermath of WWII, postwar and Dutch East Indies#World War II and independence, postcolonial Indonesia. It took place between Indonesian Declaration of Independence, Indonesia's declaration of independence in 1945 and the Netherlands' Dutch–Indonesian Round Table Conference, transfer of sovereignty over the Dutch East Indies to the Republic of the United States of Indonesia at the end of 1949. The four-year struggle involved sporadic but bloody armed conflict, internal Indonesian political and communal upheavals, and two major international diplomatic interventions. Dutch military forces (and, for a while, the forces of the World War II Allies, World War II allies) were able to control the major towns, cities and industrial assets in Repu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
