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Alexe Procopovici
Alexe Procopovici (March 14, 1884 – June 22, 1946) was an Austro-Hungarian-born Romanian linguist and philologist. Biography Born in Cernăuți, in the Duchy of Bukovina, his father was the Orthodox priest Ioan Procopovici. After graduating from the state gymnasium in his native city in 1902, he studied at the philosophy faculty of Czernowitz University, where one of his professors was Sextil Pușcariu. He specialized in classical philology and Romanian phonetics. His 1908 PhD thesis dealt with nasalization and rhotacism. He taught at a Cernăuți gymnasium from 1906 to 1919, and at a similar institution in Siret from 1909 to 1910. In late 1918, he helped found '' Glasul Bucovinei'' newspaper, joined the Romanian National Council and voted at the congress that endorsed the union of Bukovina with Romania. In the months that followed, he was intensely active at his newspaper. In June 1919, he was elected a corresponding member of the Romanian Academy; Sextil Pușcariu, who conside ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Câmpulung Moldovenesc
Câmpulung Moldovenesc (; formerly spelled ''Cîmpulung Moldovenesc'') is a municipiu, city in Suceava County, northeastern Romania. It is situated in the historical region of Bukovina. Câmpulung Moldovenesc is the fourth largest urban settlement in the county, with a population of 15,642 inhabitants, according to the 2021 Romanian census, 2021 census. It was declared a municipality in 1995, along with two other towns in Suceava County, more specifically Fălticeni and Rădăuți. Câmpulung Moldovenesc covers an area of and it was the capital of former Câmpulung County (until 1950). Name "Câmpulung" means "Long Field" in Romanian. Moldovenesc ("Moldavian") is used to differentiate between this town and Câmpulung, Câmpulung Muscel (Argeș County, Wallachia). The town is also known as ''Moldovahosszúmező'' in Hungarian language, Hungarian, ''Kimpolung'' or ''Kimpulung'' in German language, German, ''Kimpulung Moldovanesk'' (Кимпулунг Молдованеск) or ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Târgu Jiu Internment Camp
The Târgu Jiu internment camp was a detention facility in Târgu Jiu, Romania. It was a regular prison from 1895 to 1939 and again after 1945, but is best known for its role as an internment camp for various categories of individuals during World War II. The prison was built between 1888 and 1895 in the northeastern part of the city. Initially used for pre-trial detention, it had a capacity of 87 to 139 people, depending on how much space each was allocated. Eventually, prisoners with sentences of up to six months were also sent there. The brick walls were 70–80 centimeters thick. Running water was installed in 1957–1960. In 1939, the prison became an internment camp for Polish refugees. Later, it housed up to 414 Jews, mostly from Bessarabia, suspected of communist activity. In September 1942, all but seven were deported to the Vapniarka concentration camp. Under the Ion Antonescu regime, Romanian Communist Party members were interned at Târgu Jiu during World War II. Their ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romanian Communist Party
The Romanian Communist Party ( ; PCR) was a communist party in Romania. The successor to the pro-Bolshevik wing of the Socialist Party of Romania, it gave an ideological endorsement to a communist revolution that would replace the social system of the Kingdom of Romania. After being outlawed in 1924, the PCR remained a minor and illegal grouping for much of the interwar period and submitted to direct Comintern control. During the 1920s and the 1930s, most of its activists were imprisoned or took refuge in the Soviet Union, which led to the creation of competing factions that sometimes came into open conflict. That did not prevent the party from participating in the political life of the country through various front organizations, most notably the Peasant Workers' Bloc. In 1934–1936, PCR reformed itself in the mainland of Romania properly, with foreign observers predicting a possible communist takeover in Romania. The party emerged as a powerful actor on the Romanian political ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ion Neculce
Ion Neculce (1672–1745) was a Moldavian chronicler. His main work, ''Letopisețul Țărâi Moldovei e la Dabija Vodă până la a doua domnie a lui Constantin Mavrocordat' (''The Chronicles of the land of Moldavia Constantin Mavrocordat'') was meant to extend Greek descent, related to the Cantacuzino. Under Antioh Cantemir">Cantacuzino family">Cantacuzino. Under Antioh Cantemir he was made a ''Spatharios'' and second in rank in the army after the voivode, but achieved his highest rank under the rule of Dimitrie Cantemir when he was made hatman, grand hatman for supporting Peter I of Russia in the History of the Russo-Turkish wars, Russo-Turkish wars. When the Russians lost the war, Ion Neculce, alongside Dimitrie Cantemir, went to Russia. He spent a few years there, until 1719 when he returned to Moldavia Moldavia (, or ; in Romanian Cyrillic alphabet, Romanian Cyrillic: or ) is a historical region and former principality in Eastern Europe, corresponding to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coresi
Coresi (also known as Deacon Coresi; d. 1583, Brașov) was one of the first Romanian printers of the sixteenth century. He was the editor of some of the earliest printed books in the Romanian language. Biography Very little is known about his life, including the year of his birth and the date of his death. He was most likely from Târgoviște and practiced printing in the same city under the guidance of Moise the Monk and Dimitrije Ljubavić who were working for the Metropolis of Ungro-Wallachia. He moved to Brașov in 1559, where he started printing books not only in Church Slavonic, but also in Romanian. The epithet deacon was interpreted as meaning "minor writer of Slavonic language in a chancery", yet it is more likely he was an actual deacon of the Eastern Orthodox Church During his activity he printed approximately 35 book titles. His activity was not limited to a single religious group, his works having Calvinist, Lutheran, or Orthodox patronage. List of books printed b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anneli Ute Gabanyi
Anneli Ute Gabanyi (born 18 October 1942) is a German political scientist, literary critic, journalist, and philologist of Romanian background, especially known for her research on the society and culture of the Cold War period in Romania and the Romanian Revolution of 1989. A former main analyst for Südost-Institut in Munich, she is an associate researcher for the German Institute for International and Security Issues (''Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik'') in Berlin.Profile at Polirom.ro Biography Born in to a Transylvanian Saxon family of partly ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Second Vienna Award
The Second Vienna Award was the second of two territorial disputes that were arbitrated by Nazi Germany and the Kingdom of Italy. On 30 August 1940, they assigned the territory of Northern Transylvania, including all of Maramureș and part of Crișana, from the Kingdom of Romania to the Kingdom of Hungary (1920–46), Kingdom of Hungary. Background After World War I, the multiethnic Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen, Kingdom of Hungary was divided by the 1920 Treaty of Trianon to form several new nation states, but Hungary noted that the new state borders did not follow ethnic boundaries. The new nation state of Hungary was about a third the size of prewar Hungary, and millions of ethnic Hungarians were left outside the new Hungarian borders. Many historically-important areas of Hungary were assigned to other countries, and the distribution of natural resources was uneven. The various non-Hungarian populations generally saw the treaty as justice for their historically-margina ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sibiu
Sibiu ( , , , Hungarian: ''Nagyszeben'', , Transylvanian Saxon: ''Härmeschtat'' or ''Hermestatt'') is a city in central Romania, situated in the historical region of Transylvania. Located some north-west of Bucharest, the city straddles the Cibin River, a tributary of the Olt River. Now the seat of Sibiu County, between 1692 and 1791 and 1849–65 Sibiu was the capital of the Principality of Transylvania. Until 1876, the Hecht hause in Sibiu served as the seat of the Transylvanian Saxon University. Nicknamed ''The Town with Eyes'' for the eyebrow dormers on many old buildings, the town is a popular tourist destination. It is known for its culture, history, cuisine, and architecture. In 2004, its historical center was added to the tentative list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Sibiu was subsequently designated the European Capital of Culture in 2007, along with Luxembourg City. One year later, it was ranked "Europe's 8th-most idyllic place to live" by ''Forbes''. Sibi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iuliu Hațieganu
Iuliu Hațieganu (April 14, 1885 – September 4, 1959) was a Romanian internist doctor particularly recognized for research done in the field of tuberculosis. He founded in Cluj a valuable school of internal medicine. Today, Cluj University of Medicine and Pharmacy bears his name. He was a member of the Romanian Academy and brother of politician Emil Hațieganu. He was also an architect, and his work was part of the architecture event in the art competition at the 1936 Summer Olympics. Early life and studies Iuliu Hațieganu was born on April 14, 1885, in the village of Magyarderzse, Kingdom of Hungary (today Dârja, Romania) in the Someș Valley, the fifth of 13 children of the Romanian Greek Catholic priest Hațieganu. He began studying at Balázsfalva (today Blaj, Romania), where he had as colleague the future bishop Iuliu Hossu, then studied at the Faculty of Medicine of Franz Joseph University. After completing his doctorate in 1910, he became assistant to prof ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Legionnaires' Rebellion And Bucharest Pogrom
Between 21 and 23 January 1941, a rebellion of the Iron Guard paramilitary organization, whose members were known as Legionnaires, occurred in Bucharest, Romania. As their privileges were being gradually removed by the '' Conducător'' Ion Antonescu, the Legionnaires revolted. During the rebellion and subsequent pogrom, the Iron Guard killed 125 Jews, and 30 soldiers died in the confrontation with the rebels. Following this, the Iron Guard movement was banned and 9,000 of its members were imprisoned. For details of the Pogrom itself, see volume I, pp. 363–400. Background Following World War I Romania gained many new territories, thus becoming "Greater Romania". However, the international recognition of the formal union with these territories came with the condition of granting civil rights to ethnic minorities in those regions. The new territories, especially Bessarabia and Bukovina, included large numbers of Jews, whose presence stood out because of their distinctive clothi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iron Guard
The Iron Guard () was a Romanian militant revolutionary nationalism, revolutionary Clerical fascism, religious fascist Political movement, movement and political party founded in 1927 by Corneliu Zelea Codreanu as the Legion of the Archangel Michael () or the Legionary Movement (). It was strongly Criticism of democracy, anti-democratic, Anti-communism, anti-communist, and Antisemitism, anti-semitic. It differed from other European far-right movements of the period due to its spiritual basis, as the Iron Guard was deeply imbued with Romanian Orthodox Church, Romanian Orthodox Christian mysticism. In March 1930, Codreanu formed the Iron Guard as a paramilitary branch of the Legion, which in 1935 changed its official name to the "Totul pentru Țară" party—literally, "Everything for the Country". It existed into the early part of the Second World War, during which time it came to power. Members were called Legionnaires or, outside of the movement, "Greenshirts" because of the p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
