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Alexander Grossmann (journalist)
Alexander Grossman (born Grossmann, Sándor 3 March 1909 – 29 October 2003) was a Zionist activist and, during the Government of National Unity (Hungary), German occupation, a Hungary in World War II, Hungarian resistance hero. After emigrating/immigrating in 1949 he spent a period as a member of the Ma'abarot, Israel , Kibbutz Ma'abarot. In the early 1950s he emigrated/immigrated again, and became a Switzerland, Swiss journalist and author. Life Provenance and early years Sándor Grossmann was born in Pusztaszomolló on the edge of the rapidly expanding industrial city of Miskolc in north-east Austria-Hungary, Hungary. Leopold and Serena Schlesinger, his parents, were members of the city's German language, German speaking community, and deeply religious adherents of the Orthodox Judaism, Orthodox faith. Leopold Schlesinger died in 1915 and his widow moved the family into Miskolc where Sándor attended the Jewish middle school. Early on he also became a co-founder of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Government Of National Unity (Hungary)
The Government of National Unity (October 1944 – May 1945) was a fascist puppet government of Hungary, which ruled the German-occupied Kingdom of Hungary during the Second World War in eastern Europe. After the joint ''coup d’état'' with which the Nazis and the Arrow Cross Party overthrew the government of the Regent of Hungary, Miklós Horthy (r. 1920–1944), the Arrow Cross fascists established the Government of National Unity (''Nemzeti Összefogás Kormánya'') on 16 October 1944.The Policies of Prime Minister Kallay and the German Occupation of Hungary in March 1944 As the national government, the Arrow Cross Party installed |
Operation Margarethe
Operation Margarethe (''Unternehmen Margarethe'') was the occupation of Hungary by German Nazi troops during World War II that was ordered by Adolf Hitler. Course of events Hungarian Prime Minister Miklós Kállay, who had been in office from 1942, had the knowledge and the approval of Hungarian Regent Miklós Horthy to seek secretly at negotiating a separate peace with the Allies in early 1944. Hitler wanted to prevent the Hungarians from turning against Germany. On 12 March 1944, German troops received orders by Hitler to capture critical Hungarian facilities. Hitler invited Horthy to the Palace of Klessheim, near of Salzburg, on 15 March. On the evening of 15 March 1944, when Admiral Horthy was watching a performance of the opera ''Petofi'', he received an urgent message from the German minister Dietrich von Jagow, who stated that Horthy had to see him immediately at the German legation. When Horthy arrived, Jagow gave him a letter from Hitler saying the ''Fuhrer'' wante ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Land Of Israel
The Land of Israel () is the traditional Jewish name for an area of the Southern Levant. Related biblical, religious and historical English terms include the Land of Canaan, the Promised Land, the Holy Land, and Palestine (see also Israel (other)). The definitions of the limits of this territory vary between passages in the Hebrew Bible, with specific mentions in Genesis 15, Exodus 23, Numbers 34 and Ezekiel 47. Nine times elsewhere in the Bible, the settled land is referred as " from Dan to Beersheba", and three times it is referred as "from the entrance of Hamath unto the brook of Egypt" (1 Kings 8:65, 1 Chronicles 13:5 and 2 Chronicles 7:8). These biblical limits for the land differ from the borders of established historical Israelite and later Jewish kingdoms, including the United Kingdom of Israel, the two kingdoms of Israel (Samaria) and Judah, the Hasmonean Kingdom, and the Herodian kingdom. At their heights, these realms ruled lands with similar bu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee
American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee, also known as Joint or JDC, is a Jewish relief organization based in New York City. Since 1914 the organisation has supported Jewish people living in Israel and throughout the world. The organization is active in more than 70 countries. The JDC offers aid to Jewish populations in central and eastern Europe as well as the Middle East through a network of social and community assistance programs. In addition, the JDC contributes millions of dollars in disaster relief and development assistance to non-Jewish communities. History The JDC was founded in 1914, initially to provide assistance to Jews living in Palestine under Turkish rule. The JDC began its efforts to save Jews with a donation of $50,000 from Jacob Schiff, a wealthy Jewish entrepreneur and philanthropist. He was the main funder of the organization and helped raise funds to save and aid Jews around the world. Additionally, the American Jewish Relief Committee helped colle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siege Of Budapest
The Siege of Budapest or Battle of Budapest was the 50-day-long encirclement by Soviet and Romanian forces of the Hungarian capital of Budapest, near the end of World War II. Part of the broader Budapest Offensive, the siege began when Budapest, defended by Hungarian and German troops, was encircled on 26 December 1944 by the Red Army and the Romanian Army. During the siege, about 38,000 civilians died through starvation, military action, and mass executions of Jews by the far-right Hungarian nationalist Arrow Cross Party. The city unconditionally surrendered on 13 February 1945. It was a strategic victory for the Allies in their push towards Berlin. General situation Having suffered nearly 200,000 deaths in three years fighting the Soviet Union, and with the front lines approaching its own cities, Hungary was by early 1944 ready to exit World War II. As political forces within Hungary pushed for an end to the fighting, Germany preemptively launched Operation Margarethe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neue Zürcher Zeitung
The ''Neue Zürcher Zeitung'' (''NZZ''; "New Journal of Zürich") is a Swiss, German-language daily newspaper, published by NZZ Mediengruppe in Zürich. The paper was founded in 1780. It was described as having a reputation as a high-quality newspaper, as the Swiss-German newspaper of record, and for objective and detailed reports on international affairs. History and profile One of the oldest newspapers still published, it originally appeared as ''Zürcher Zeitung'', edited by the Swiss painter and poet Salomon Gessner, on 12 January 1780, and was renamed as ''Neue Zürcher Zeitung'' in 1821. According to Peter K. Buse and Jürgen C. Doerr many prestige German language newspapers followed its example because it set "standards through an objective, in-depth treatment of subject matter, eloquent commentary, an extensive section on entertainment, and one on advertising." Aside from the switch from its blackletter typeface in 1946, the newspaper has changed little since th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carl Lutz
Carl Lutz (30 March 1895 – 12 February 1975) was a Swiss diplomat. He served as the Swiss Vice-Consul in Budapest, Hungary, from 1942 until the end of World War II. He is credited with saving over 62,000 Jews during the Second World War in a very large rescue operation.Tschuy, Theo. ''Dangerous Diplomacy: The Story of Carl Lutz, Rescuer of 62,000 Hungarian Jews'', 2000. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans. Due to his actions, half of the Jewish population of Budapest survived and was not deported to Nazi extermination camps during the Holocaust. He was awarded the title of Righteous Among the Nations by Yad Vashem. Early life and education Lutz was born on 30 March 1895 to Johannes and Ursula Lutz in Walzenhausen, Switzerland, in the mountains of the canton of Appenzell in the northeast of Switzerland, and attended local schools. His father owned a sandstone quarry. In 1909 when he was 14 years old his mother died of tuberculosis. At the age of 15 he began working in an apprenticesh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Switzerland
). Swiss law does not designate a ''capital'' as such, but the federal parliament and government are installed in Bern, while other federal institutions, such as the federal courts, are in other cities (Bellinzona, Lausanne, Luzern, Neuchâtel, St. Gallen a.o.). , coordinates = , largest_city = Zürich , official_languages = , englishmotto = "One for all, all for one" , religion_year = 2020 , religion_ref = , religion = , demonym = , german: Schweizer/Schweizerin, french: Suisse/Suissesse, it, svizzero/svizzera or , rm, Svizzer/Svizra , government_type = Federal assembly-independent directorial republic with elements of a direct democracy , leader_title1 = Federal Council , leader_name1 = , leader_title2 = , leader_name2 = Walter Thurnherr , legislature = Federal Assembly , upper_house = Council of State ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glass House (Budapest)
The Glass House ( hu, Üvegház) was a building used by the Swiss diplomat Carl Lutz to help Jews in Budapest during the Holocaust. During the Holocaust At one time, about 3,000 Jews found refuge at the Glass House and in a neighboring building from large numbers of Hungarian fascist, antisemitic murderers and the German Nazis. The Glass House also had a broader impact because it was used as a headquarters by the Jewish youth underground which saved many lives. The building, that had once been a glass factory, is located at 29 Vadász Street, not far from the large and well known Saint Stephen's Basilica and Hungary's Parliament. Carl Lutz is credited with saving the lives of 62,000 Jews from the Holocaust by issuing "letters of protection" - a life-saving diplomatic device. In addition, he helped 10,000 Jewish children emigrate to Israel after he became head of Switzerland's foreign interests section in Budapest in 1942. By 1944, Lutz represented 12 countries in addition to S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kistarcsa
Kistarcsa () is a town in Pest County, Budapest metropolitan area, Hungary. A site of the Kistarcsa concentration camp during the Holocaust. Later an internment camp of State Protection Authority for political prisoners during the 1950s. History Only a few archaeological excavations were held on the territory of Kistarcsa; the earliest findings are from the Neolithic Era (4000–2500 BC). From this time it was always a populated area: Celts, Vandals, Alans, Sarmatas and Avars lived here. After the fall of the Avar Empire the Magyars found an underpopulated area, so they could settle down easily. Their settlement can be dated back to the 10th to 13th centuries according to the excavated area next to the cemetery of Kistarcsa. Notable people *Bernadett Baczkó, judoka * Jane Haining, Scottish Church of Scotland missionary * László Háry, major general, aviator and a Commander of the First Independent Hungarian Air Force * Zoltán Meszlényi, martyr bishop * József Simándy, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hungarian National Bank
The Hungarian National Bank ( hu, Magyar Nemzeti Bank (MNB)) is the central bank of Hungary and as such part of the European System of Central Banks (ESCB). The Hungarian National Bank was established in 1924 and succeeded the Royal Hungarian State Bank, which introduced the Hungarian forint on 1 August 1946. The Hungarian National Bank lays special emphasis on its international relations and on participation in the professional forums of international economic institutions and financial organisations (EU, IMF, OECD, BIS). Its principal aim is price stability, but it is also responsible for issuing the national currency, the forint, controlling the money in circulation, setting the Central Bank base rate, publishing official exchange rates, and managing the foreign-exchange reserves and gold to influence exchange rates. Operations The Governor of the Hungarian National Bank is appointed by the President of Hungary at the proposal of the Prime Minister for a six-year term. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
