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Aleut People
Aleuts ( ; (west) or (east) ) are the Indigenous people of the Aleutian Islands, which are located between the North Pacific Ocean and the Bering Sea. Both the Aleuts and the islands are politically divided between the US state of Alaska and the Russian administrative division of Kamchatka Krai. This group is also known as the Unangax̂ in Unangam Tunuu, the Aleut language. There are 13 federally recognized Aleut tribes in the Aleut Region of Alaska. In 2000, Aleuts in Russia were recognized by government decree as a small-numbered Indigenous people. Etymology In the Aleut language, they are known by the endonyms Unangan (eastern dialect) and Unangas (western dialect); both terms mean "people". The Russian term "Aleut" was a general term used for both the native population of the Aleutian Islands and their neighbors to the east in the Kodiak Archipelago, who were also referred to as "Pacific Eskimos" or Sugpiat/Alutiit. Language Aleut people speak Unangam Tunuu, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Attu Island
Attu (, ) is an island in the Near Islands (part of the Aleutian Islands chain). It is one of the westernmost points of the U.S. state of Alaska. The island became uninhabited in 2010, making it the largest uninhabited island that is part of the United States politically. (archived June 25, 2017) In the chain of the Aleutians, the islands immediately to the west of Attu are the Russian Commander Islands, away (and on the other side of the International Date Line). Attu is nearly from the Alaskan mainland and northeast of the northernmost of the Kuril Islands of Russia, as well as being from Anchorage, from Alaska's capital of Juneau, and from New York City. Attu is about in size with a land area of , making it #23 on the list of largest islands in the United States. Attu Station, a former Coast Guard LORAN station, is located at , making it one of the westernmost points of the United States relative to the rest of the country. (Technically it is in the Eastern Hemisph ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pacific Ocean
The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five Borders of the oceans, oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean, or, depending on the definition, to Antarctica in the south, and is bounded by the continents of Asia and Australia in the west and the Americas in the east. At in area (as defined with a southern Antarctic border), the Pacific Ocean is the largest division of the World Ocean and the hydrosphere and covers approximately 46% of Earth's water surface and about 32% of the planet's total surface area, larger than its entire land area ().Pacific Ocean . ''Encyclopædia Britannica, Britannica Concise.'' 2008: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. The centers of both the Land and water hemispheres, water hemisphere and the Western Hemisphere, as well as the Pole of inaccessi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Atkan
Aleut ( ) or is the language spoken by the Aleut living in the Aleutian Islands, Pribilof Islands, Commander Islands, and the Alaska Peninsula (in Aleut , the origin of the state name Alaska). Aleut is the sole language in the Aleut branch of the Eskimo–Aleut language family. The Aleut language consists of three dialects, including (Eastern Aleut), / (Atka Aleut), and / (Western Aleut, now extinct). Various sources estimate there are fewer than 100 to 150 remaining active Aleut speakers. Because of this, Eastern and Atkan Aleut are classified as "critically endangered and extinct" and have an Expanded Graded Intergenerational Disruption Scale (EGIDS) rating of 7. The task of revitalizing Aleut has largely been left to local government and community organizations. The overwhelming majority of schools in the historically Aleut-speaking regions lack any language/culture courses in their curriculum, and those that do fail to produce fluent or even proficient speakers. Histor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pribilof Islands
The Pribilof Islands (formerly the Northern Fur Seal Islands; , ) are a group of four volcanic islands off the coast of mainland Alaska, in the Bering Sea, about north of Unalaska and 200 miles (320 km) southwest of Cape Newenham. The islands are part of the Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge. The Siberian coast is roughly northwest. About in total area, they are mostly rocky and are covered with tundra, with a population of 572 as of the 2010 census. Principal islands The principal islands are Saint Paul and Saint George. The former was named for the Feast of Saints Peter and Paul, on the day of which the island was first encountered by the Russian explorer Gavriil Pribylov; the latter was probably named for the ship sailed by Pribylov. The Otter and Walrus islets are near St. Paul. The total land area of all the islands is . The islands are part of the Bering Sea unit of the Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge. Fur trade While oral traditions of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fox Islands (Alaska)
The Fox Islands () are a group of islands in the eastern Aleutian Islands of the U.S. state of Alaska. The Fox Islands are the closest to mainland North America in the Aleutian chain, and just east of Samalga Pass and the Islands of Four Mountains group. Inhabited by the Aleut people, Aleut for centuries, the islands, along with the rest of the Aleutians, were first visited by Europeans in 1741, when the Imperial Russian Navy and the Danish-born Russian navigator Vitus Bering was searching for new sources of fur for Russian fur trappers. Foggy almost all year round, the islands are difficult to navigate due to constantly adverse weather and numerous reefs. The Fox Islands Passes are the waterways surrounding the islands. As with the other Aleutian islands, the Fox Islands are prone to frequent earthquakes year-round. The larger Fox Islands are, from west to east, Umnak, Unalaska Island, Unalaska, Amaknak Island, Amaknak, Akutan Island, Akutan, Akun Island, Akun, Unimak Islan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shumagin Islands
The Shumagin Islands ( Unangan: ''Qagiiĝun''; ) are a group of 20 islands in the Aleutians East Borough south of the mainland of Alaska, United States, at 54°54'–55°20' North 159°15'–160°45' West. The largest islands are Unga Island, Popof Island, Korovin Island, and Nagai Island. Other islands include Andronica, Big Koniuji, Little Koniuji, Simeonof, Chernabura, and Bird. The total land area is 1,192.369 km2 (460.376 sq mi) and their total population as of the 2020 census was 578 persons, almost entirely in the city of Sand Point, on Popof Island. The Shumagin Islands were named after Nikita Shumagin, one of the sailors on Vitus Bering Vitus Jonassen Bering ( , , ; baptised 5 August 1681 – 19 December 1741),All dates are here given in the Julian calendar, which was in use throughout Russia at the time. also known as Ivan Ivanovich Bering (), was a Danish-born Russia ...'s 1741 expedition to North America who died of scurvy and was buried on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eskaleut Languages
The Eskaleut ( ), Eskimo–Aleut or Inuit–Yupik–Unangan languages are a language family native to the northern portions of the North American continent, and a small part of northeastern Asia. Languages in the family are indigenous to parts of what are now the United States (Alaska); Canada (Inuit Nunangat) including Nunavut, Northwest Territories (principally in the Inuvialuit Settlement Region), northern Quebec (Nunavik), and northern Labrador (Nunatsiavut); Greenland; and the Russian Far East (Chukchi Peninsula). The language family is also known as ''Eskaleutian'', or ''Eskaleutic.'' The Eskaleut language family is divided into two branches: Proto-Eskimoan language, Eskimoan and Aleut language, Aleut. The Aleut branch consists of a single language, Aleut, spoken in the Aleutian Islands and the Pribilof Islands. Aleut is divided into several dialects. The Eskimoan languages are divided into two branches: the Yupik languages, spoken in western and southwestern Alaska and in C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kodiak Archipelago
The Kodiak Archipelago () is an archipelago (group of islands) south of the main land-mass of the state of Alaska (United States), about by air south-west of Anchorage in the Gulf of Alaska. The largest island in the archipelago is Kodiak Island, the second-largest island in the United States. The archipelago has a length of about and a width of about , from the Barren Islands on the north to Chirikof Island and the Semidi Islands group on the south. The archipelago contains of land. The Kodiak Archipelago contains about 40 small glaciers, numerous streams and many species of land and marine animals. Much of its land is forested. The Kodiak Island Borough includes all of the Kodiak Archipelago and some lands on the mainland. The Kodiak National Wildlife Refuge encompasses a large percentage of the land in the archipelago. Islands in the Kodiak Archipelago * Afognak – second largest island * Aiaktalik Island * Ban Island * Barren Islands – most northerly ** ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Endonym
An endonym (also known as autonym ) is a common, name for a group of people, individual person, geographical place, language, or dialect, meaning that it is used inside a particular group or linguistic community to identify or designate themselves, their place of origin, or their language. An exonym (also known as xenonym ) is an established, ''non-native'' name for a group of people, individual person, geographical place, language, or dialect, meaning that it is used primarily outside the particular place inhabited by the group or linguistic community. Exonyms exist not only for historico-geographical reasons but also in consideration of difficulties when pronouncing foreign words, or from non-systematic attempts at transcribing into a different writing system. For instance, is the endonym for the country that is also known by the exonyms ''Germany'' and in English and Italian, respectively, and in Spanish and French, respectively, in Polish, and and in Finni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian Association Of Indigenous Peoples Of The North
The Russian Association of Indigenous Peoples of the North (RAIPON) () is the Russian national umbrella organisation representing 40 Indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East as well as the Komy-Ishma people. It is a non-governmental organisation in Consultative Status with ECOSOC and one of the six Indigenous Permanent Participants of the Arctic Council. History RAIPON was founded 31 March 1990 at the occasion of the first "Congress of the peoples of the North of the Soviet Union" and registered under the name of "Association of the Peoples of the North of the USSR". It was initially headed by the Nivkh writer Vladimir Sangi. In 1993, it was re-registered as a social and political movement by the name of "Association of indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East of the Russian Federation" and the Khanty author Yeremey Aypin became its president. Later he was replaced by the Nenets Sergey Kharyuchi, who is also the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Unified List Of Indigenous Minority Peoples Of The North, Siberia, And The Far East Of Russia
The Indigenous minority peoples of the North, Siberia, and the Far East of Russia () is a Russian census classification of local indigenous peoples, assigned to groups with fewer than 50,000 members, living in the Russian Far North, Siberia, or Russian Far East. They are frequently referred as indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North or indigenous peoples of the North. Definition Today, 40 indigenous peoples are officially recognised by Russia as indigenous small-numbered peoples and are listed in the Unified Register of the Indigenous Small-Numbered Peoples (Единый перечень коренных, малочисленных народов Российской Федерации). This register includes 46 indigenous peoples. Six of these peoples do not live in either the Extreme North or territories equated to it, so that the total number of recognised indigenous peoples of the North is 40.Official is attached to: Decree of the Russian Government Nr 255 "On the Unif ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aleuts In Russia
Aleuts in Russia are Indigenous Aleut people who live on Bering Island, one of the islands of the Commander Islands located in the Russian administrative division of Kamchatka Krai. In 2000, the Aleuts of Bering Island were recognized by Russian government decree as a small-numbered Indigenous people. Around 300 Russian Aleuts live in the community of Nikolskoye on Bering Island, the sole populated place on the island. History The Commander Islands were unpopulated when they were first visited by Russian colonizers in 1741. The Aleut population of Bering Island is descended from the Aleut people who were taken to the island by Russian colonial administrators in the early 1800s. See also *Alaska Natives * Mednyj Aleut language *Unified list of Indigenous minority peoples of the North, Siberia, and the Far East of Russia References {{reflist External linksThe Aleuts Institute of the Estonian Language The Institute of the Estonian Language () is the official language-regulat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
