Aleksey Rykov
Alexei Ivanovich Rykov (25 February 188115 March 1938) was a Russian Bolshevik revolutionary and a Soviet politician and statesman, most prominent as premier of Russia and the Soviet Union from 1924 to 1929 and 1924 to 1930 respectively. He was one of the accused in Joseph Stalin's show trials during the Great Purge. Rykov joined the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party in 1898, and after it split into Bolshevik and Menshevik factions in 1903, he joined the Bolsheviks, which were led by Vladimir Lenin. He played an active part in the 1905 Russian Revolution. Months prior to the October Revolution of 1917, he became a member of the Petrograd and Moscow Soviets and was elected to the Bolshevik Party Central Committee in July–August of the same year, during the Sixth Congress of the Bolshevik Party. Rykov, a moderate, often came into political conflict with Lenin and more radical Bolsheviks but proved influential when the October Revolution finally overthrew the Russian Provi ...
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Saratov
Saratov (, ; rus, Сара́тов, a=Ru-Saratov.ogg, p=sɐˈratəf) is the largest city and administrative center of Saratov Oblast, Russia, and a major port on the Volga River upstream (north) of Volgograd. Saratov had a population of 901,361, making it the 17th-largest city in Russia by population. Saratov is from Volgograd, from Samara, and southeast of Moscow. The city stands near the site of Uvek, a city of the Golden Horde. Tsar Feodor I of Russia likely developed Saratov as a fortress to secure Russia's southeastern border. Saratov developed as a shipping port along the Volga and was historically important to the Volga Germans, who settled in large numbers in the city before they were expelled after World War II. Saratov is home to a number of cultural and educational institutions, including the Saratov Drama Theater, Saratov Conservatory, Radishchev Art Museum, Saratov State Technical University, and Saratov State University. Etymology The na ...
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Government Of The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
The Council of People's Commissars of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic was the government of Soviet Russia in 1917–1946. It was established by the Second All-Russian Congress of Soviets of Workers', Soldiers', and Peasants' Deputies on November 7, 1917 "as an interim workers' and peasants' government" under the name of the Council of People's Commissars, which was used before the adoption of the Constitution of the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic of 1918. Since 1918, the formation of the Council of People's Commissars of the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic was the prerogative of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, and since 1937, the Supreme Council of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. The Council of People's Commissars of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic was formed from the people's commissars – the leaders of the People's Commissariats of Soviet Russia – headed by the chairman of the Coun ...
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10th Orgburo Of The Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
The 10th Orgburo of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks) was elected by the 1st Plenary Session of the 10th Central Committee, in the immediate aftermath of the 10th Congress. Full members Candidate members References {{Communist Party of the Soviet Union Members of the Orgburo of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union 1921 establishments in Russia 1922 disestablishments in the Soviet Union ...
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Politburo Of The Central Committee Of The Communist Party Of The Soviet Union
The Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (, abbreviated: ), or Politburo ( rus, Политбюро, p=pəlʲɪtbʲʊˈro) was the highest policy-making authority within the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. It was founded in October 1917, and refounded in March 1919, at the 8th Congress of the Bolshevik Party. It was known as the Presidium from 1952 to 1966. The existence of the Politburo ended in 1991 upon the breakup of the Soviet Union. History Background On August 18, 1917, the top Bolshevik leader, Vladimir Lenin, set up a political bureau—known first as Narrow composition, and after October 23, 1917, as Political bureau—specifically to direct the October Revolution, with only seven members (Lenin, Leon Trotsky, Grigory Zinoviev, Lev Kamenev, Joseph Stalin, Grigori Sokolnikov, and Andrei Bubnov), but this precursor did not outlast the event; the Central Committee continued with the political functions. However ...
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16th Politburo Of The All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
The Politburo of the 16th Congress of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) was in session from 1930 to 1934. Composition Members Candidates References {{Communist Party of the Soviet Union Politburo of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union members 1930 establishments in the Soviet Union 1934 disestablishments in the Soviet Union ...
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15th Politburo Of The All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
The Politburo of the 15th Congress of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) was in session from 1927 to 1930. Composition Members Candidates References {{Communist Party of the Soviet Union Politburo of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union members Politburo Politburo A politburo () or political bureau is the executive committee for communist parties. It is present in most former and existing communist states. Names The term "politburo" in English comes from the Russian ''Politbyuro'' (), itself a contractio ...

14th Politburo Of The All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
The Politburo of the 14th Congress of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) was in session from 1 January 1926 to 19 December 1927. Composition Members Candidates References {{Communist Party of the Soviet Union Politburo of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union members Politburo Politburo Politburo Politburo Politburo A politburo () or political bureau is the executive committee for communist parties. It is present in most former and existing communist states. Names The term "politburo" in English comes from the Russian ''Politbyuro'' (), itself a contractio ...

13th Politburo Of The All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
The Politburo of the 13th Congress of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) was in session from 2 June 1924 to 1 January 1926. Composition Members Candidates References {{Communist Party of the Soviet Union Politburo of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union members Politburo Politburo Politburo Politburo Politburo A politburo () or political bureau is the executive committee for communist parties. It is present in most former and existing communist states. Names The term "politburo" in English comes from the Russian ''Politbyuro'' (), itself a contractio ...

12th Politburo Of The Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
The Politburo of the 12th Congress of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks) was in session from 26 April 1923 to 2 June 1924. Composition Members Candidates References {{Communist Party of the Soviet Union Politburo of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union members 1923 establishments in the Soviet Union 1924 disestablishments in the Soviet Union ...
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11th Politburo Of The Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
The Politburo of the 11th Congress of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks) was in session from 2 April 1922 to 25 April 1923. Composition Members Candidates References {{Communist Party of the Soviet Union Politburo of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union members 1922 establishments in Russia 1923 disestablishments in the Soviet Union ...
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Genrikh Yagoda
Genrikh Grigoryevich Yagoda ( rus, Ге́нрих Григо́рьевич Яго́да, Genrikh Grigor'yevich Yagoda, born Yenokh Gershevich Iyeguda; 7 November 1891 – 15 March 1938) was a Soviet secret police official who served as director of the NKVD, the Soviet Union's security and intelligence agency, from 1934 to 1936. Appointed by Joseph Stalin, Yagoda supervised arrests, show trials, and executions of the Old Bolsheviks Lev Kamenev and Grigory Zinoviev, climactic events of the Great Purge. Yagoda also supervised construction of the White Sea–Baltic Canal with Naftaly Frenkel, using penal labor from the GULAG system, during which 12,000–25,000 laborers died. Like many Soviet NKVD officers who conducted political repression, Yagoda himself ultimately became a victim of the Purge. He was demoted from the directorship of the NKVD in favor of Nikolai Yezhov in 1936 and arrested in 1937. Charged with crimes of wrecking, espionage, Trotskyism and conspiracy, Yagoda ...
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Nikolai Antipov
Nikolai Kirillovich Antipov (russian: Николай Кириллович Анти́пов, 15 December 1894 – 29 July 1938) was a Soviet politician. He was appointed Member of the Central Executive Committee of the Soviet Union and elected member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1924–1937) and candidate member of the Orgburo (1924–1925, 1928–1930). He was executed during the Great Purge and rehabilitated posthumously. Biography Antipov was born on in the village of Lisichkino, Starorussky Uyezd, Novgorod Governorate, in the family of a peasant. Antipov trained as a fitter at a nautical technical school, and worked as a locksmith in a Saint Petersburg shipyard and in the Dynamo factory, Moscow. In 1912 he joined the ranks of RSDLP (b). He was arrested in 1913 for participating in the activities organized by the party. In 1914, he was once again rearrested, and spent a year in prison. Arrested for a third time, for running an under ...
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