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Al-Muhanna Bin Jayfar
Al-Muhanna bin Jayfar () was an Ibadi scholar who was elected as the sixth imam of the Imamate of Oman, ruling from April 841 until his death in October 851. His rule saw economic growth, continuing development of Ibadi theology and the reorganisation of the military. Although opposition grew to his attempts to strengthen the imam's authority, he refused to leave power and swiftly dealt with challenges to his rule. Biography Al-Muhanna bin Jayfar was elected as imam by the Ibadi ''ulama'' on 29 April 840/3 Rajab 226 AH, the same day as the death of his predecessor Abd al-Malik bin Humayd. He hailed from the Yahmad clan of Azd and may have a relative of the fourth imam, Ghassan bin Abdullah. His tendency to expose his teeth when angered earned him the nickname Dhū ’l-Nāb''' (possessor of the eyetooth).Hoffman 2012, p. 307. Al-Muhanna possessed a stern disposition, and his reign was characterised by increasingly centralised governance and strict disciplinary measures, esp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Imamate Of Oman
The Imamate of Oman () was a historical state within the ''Oman proper'' () in the Hajar Mountains, part of the present-day Sultanate of Oman. The capital of the Imamate alternated historically between Rustaq and Nizwa. The Imamate's territory extended north to Ibri and south to the Alsharqiyah region and the Sharqiya Sands. The Imamate was bounded in the east by the Hajar Mountains and in the west by the Rub' al Khali (Empty Quarter) desert. The Al Hajar Mountains separated the Imamate of Oman from Muscat and Oman. The elected Imam (ruler) resided in the capital, and Walis (governors) represented the Imamate in its different regions. The Imamate of Oman, similar to the Sultanate of Muscat, was ruled by the Ibadi sect. Imams exercised spiritual and temporal representation over the region. The Imamate is a 1,200-year-old system of government pioneered by the Ibadi religious leaders of Oman, and was based upon the Islamic sharia. The Imamate holds that the ruler should b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adam, Oman
Adam () is an administrative region in Ad Dakhiliyah, in northeastern Oman. It is a wilayah in the Interior Governorate. Prominent Omani figures, including Imam Ahmad bin Said, the founder of the Al Busaidi dynasty, originated from this region. Adam serves as a gateway to Dhofar Governorate, and is surrounded by orchards irrigated by falaj. The population of Adam is estimated to be around 20,000 people. Etymology The region is named after the phrase "Adim al-Ard" which some say refers to the surface shape of the land. Others say this refers to the fertile land located in the middle of the desert. People commonly refer to it as "Al Sakbiyah" due to its fertility throughout the year and influx of guests Location The total area of the state is estimated to be about 15,000 square kilometers, of which the desert occupies a large portion. The state of Adam is located in the southernmost part of the Interior Governorate and is considered its main gateway from the south. Due to its ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Omani Ibadi Muslims
Oman, officially the Sultanate of Oman, is a country located on the southeastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula in West Asia and the Middle East. It shares land borders with Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Yemen. Oman’s coastline faces the Arabian Sea to the southeast and the Gulf of Oman on the northeast. The exclaves of Madha and Musandam Governorate, Musandam are surrounded by the United Arab Emirates on their land borders, while Musandam’s coastal boundaries are formed by the Strait of Hormuz and the Gulf of Oman. The capital and largest city is Muscat. With a population of approximately 5.46 million and an area of 309,500 km2 (119,500 sq mi), Oman is the Countries with highest population, 123rd most-populous country. From the 18th century, the Omani Sultanate was Omani Empire, an empire, competing with the Portuguese Empire, Portuguese and British Empire, British empires for influence in the Persian Gulf and the Indian Ocean. At its peak in the 19th ce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
9th-century Imams
The 9th century was a period from 801 (represented by the Roman numerals DCCCI) through 900 (CM) in accordance with the Julian calendar. The Carolingian Renaissance and the Viking raids occurred within this period. In the Middle East, the House of Wisdom was founded in Abbasid Baghdad, attracting many scholars to the city. The field of algebra was founded by the Muslim polymath al-Khwarizmi. The most famous Islamic scholar Ahmad ibn Hanbal was tortured and imprisoned by Abbasid official Ahmad ibn Abi Du'ad during the reign of Abbasid caliph al-Mu'tasim and caliph al-Wathiq. In Southeast Asia, the height of the Mataram Kingdom happened in this century, while Burma would see the establishment of the major kingdom of Pagan. Tang China started the century with the effective rule under Emperor Xianzong and ended the century with the Huang Chao rebellions. In America, the Maya experienced widespread political collapse in the central Maya region, resulting in internecine warfare, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wilayah
A wilayah ( or ''wilāya'', plural ; Urdu, Pashto and ; ) is an administrative division, usually translated as "state", " province" or occasionally as " governorate". The word comes from the Arabic root "''w-l-y''", "to govern": a '' wāli''—"governor"—governs a ''wālāya'' (or ''wilāya''), "that which is governed". Under the Caliphate, the term referred to any constituent near-sovereign state. Use in specific countries In Arabic, ''wilayah'' is used to refer to the states of the United States, and the United States of America as a whole is called ''al-Wilāyāt al-Muttaḥidah al-Amrīkīyah'', literally meaning "the American United States". North Africa and Middle East For Morocco, which is divided into provinces ''and'' wilāyas, the translation "province" would cause the distinction to cease. For Sudan, the term ''state'' and for Mauritania, the term ''region'' is used. * Provinces of Algeria * Provinces of Oman * Regions of Mauritania * States of Sudan * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barka, Oman
Barka () is a coastal city and ''Wilayah'' (Provinces of Oman, Province) in the region Al Batinah Region, Al Bāţinah, in northern Oman. Bordered by the Gulf of Oman, Sea of Oman and the Hajar Mountains in southern Batinah, Barka is about a half-hour drive from As-Seeb and roughly an hour's drive from Al-Khuwair and Ruwi. History Al Bloushi, Al-Farsi, Al Zadjali, Al Habsi, Al Ajmi, Al Owaisi, Al Amri, Al Badri and Al Raisi tribes live here. The area is known for its agricultural beauty, fishing, and traditional pastimes like horse and camel racing, Halva, halwa making, and Omani-style bullfighting. Attractions Nearby is Bait Na'aman (Nu'man), a four-towered fort of Imam Bil'arab bin Sultan of the 17th century, renovated in 1991. Barka Fort is a known tourist attraction. Barka Souq, near the beach is an economically important area. There are two major resorts in Barka, the Al Sawadi, Oman, Al-Sawadi resort and the Al-Nahda resort. Economy A new quarter is now under construct ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anthropomorphism
Anthropomorphism is the attribution of human traits, emotions, or intentions to non-human entities. It is considered to be an innate tendency of human psychology. Personification is the related attribution of human form and characteristics to abstract concepts such as nations, emotions, and natural forces, such as seasons and weather. Both have ancient roots as storytelling and artistic devices, and most cultures have traditional fables with anthropomorphized animals as characters. People have also routinely attributed human emotions and behavioral traits to wild as well as domesticated animals. Etymology Anthropomorphism and anthropomorphization derive from the verb form ''anthropomorphize'', itself derived from the Greek ''ánthrōpos'' (, "human") and ''morphē'' (, "form"). It is first attested in 1753, originally in reference to the heresy of applying a human form to the Christian God.''Oxford English Dictionary'', 1st ed. "anthropomorphism, ''n.''" Oxford University ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Predestination In Islam
''Qadar'' (, transliterated ''qadar'',meaning literally "power",J. M. Cowan (ed.) (1976). ''The Hans Wehr Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic''. Wiesbaden, Germany: Spoken Language Services. but translated variously as: "divine fore-ordainment", "predestination," "divine decree", "decree of Allah", "preordainment") is the concept of divine destiny in Islam. As God is all-knowing and all-powerful, everything that has happened and will happen in the universe is already known. At the same time, human beings are responsible for their actions, and will be rewarded or punished accordingly on Judgement Day. Predestination/Divine Destiny is one of Sunni Islam's six articles of faith, (along with belief in the Oneness of Allah, the Revealed Books, the Prophets of Islam, the Day of Resurrection and Angels). In Sunni discourse, those who assert free-will are called Qadariyya, while those who reject free-will are called Jabriyya. Some early Islamic schools (Qadariyah and Muʿtazila ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fiqh
''Fiqh'' (; ) is the term for Islamic jurisprudence.Fiqh Encyclopædia Britannica ''Fiqh'' is often described as the style of human understanding, research and practices of the sharia; that is, human understanding of the divine Islamic law as revealed in the Quran and the sunnah (the teachings and practices of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his companions). Fiqh expands and develops Shariah through interpretation (''ijtihad'') of the Quran and ''Sunnah'' by Islamic jurists (''ulama'') and is implemented by the rulings (''fatwa'') of jurists on questions presented to them. Thus, whereas ''sharia'' is considered immutable and infallible by Muslims, ''fiqh'' is considered fallible and changeable. ''Fiqh'' deals with the observance of rituals, morals and social legislation in Islam as well as econo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ibadi Siyar
{{short description, Ibadi Islamic texts Several Omani/Ibadi manuscripts discovered over the past four decades, particularly in the Sultanate of Oman and North Africa, contain the texts of what is commonly termed “'' sirah''” (“history”) or “'' jam’ al siyar''” (“collection of histories”). They belong to a familiar type of literature, a genre used when addressing the general public in mosques in the early Islamic era (1st and 2nd /7th and 8th) centuries. Most of the ''siyar'' convey the viewpoint of the school and consist of homilies, epistles, addressed to the fellowship of the believers. These epistles are read out aloud by the preacher, setting out what ought or ought not to be believed, as well as those deeds that ought or ought not to be done. The exhortations at the beginning of the ''siyar'' are relatively long and reflect the social context of their time. The ''siyar'' that have so far been reviewed and edited are from what is referred to as the “Basra pe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quranic Createdness
In Islamic theology, ''createdness of the Qurʾān'' (خلق القرآن, kḫalq al-qurʾān) is the doctrinal position that the Quran was created rather than having always existed and thus being "uncreated." One of the main areas of debate in aqida (Muslim theology) was the divine attribute of kalam (lit. word, speech) revealing itself through waḥy "revelation". Kalam is a counterpart to 'aql (Greek logos, "word," and thus "reason"). If the ʿaql/logos was part of God's essence or nature, then the Qur'an must therefore not be created. On the other hand, the Qur'an is written in Arabic (human speech) in the Arabic script, neither of which is eternal. The dispute over which position was factual became a significant point of contention in early Islam. The rationalist philosophical school known as the Mu'tazilites held that if the Quran is God's word, then logically, God "must have preceded his own speech". The Mu'tazilites and the Jahmites negated all the attributes of Go ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sohar
Sohar () is the capital and largest city of the Al Batinah North Governorate in Oman. An ancient capital of the country that once served as an important Islamic port town on the Gulf of Oman, Sohar has also been credited as the mythical birthplace of Sinbad the Sailor. It was historically known as Mazūn (). At the 2010 census, Sohar's population was 140,006, making it Oman's fifth most-populated settlement. Described as an industrial town, the development of the Sohar Industrial Port during the 2000s has transformed it into a major Omani industrial hub. History As the largest town in the region, it has been argued that Sohar is to be identified with the ancient town called 'Omanah' () mentioned by Pliny the Elder in his '' Natural History''. This settlement is believed to have given Oman its name. According to Al-Tabari, in 893 or 894 C.E., during the Abbasid era, there was a dispute about who should rule Oman amongst local factions. A faction that approached the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
