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Al-Judeida
Al-Judeida () is a Palestinian village in the Jenin Governorate in the western area of the West Bank, located south of Jenin. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, the town had a population of 4,738 in the 2007 census and 5,950 by 2017. History Al-Judeida is an ancient village, where Byzantine ceramics have been found. Zertal notes that the sherds from the Byzantine era were at the edge of the hilltop upon which al-Judeida stands. Pottery sherds found in the village mostly date back to the medieval and Ottoman eras. During Crusader rule, in 1168, al-Judeida was an estate called ''Gidideh''. Ottoman era Like all of Palestine, al-Judeida was incorporated into the Ottoman Empire in 1517. In the 1596 Ottoman tax registers, al-Judeida was an entirely Muslim village with a population of 10 families, located in the Nahiya Jabal Sami, in the Nablus Sanjak. The inhabitants paid a fixed tax-rate of 33.3% on agricultural products, including wheat, barley, sum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nablus Sanjak
The Nablus Sanjak (; ) was an administrative area that existed throughout Ottoman Empire, Ottoman rule in the Ottoman Syria, Levant (1517–1917). It was administratively part of the Damascus Eyalet until 1864 when it became part of Syria Vilayet and then the Beirut Vilayet in 1888. History Early Ottoman rule In the 1596- daftar, the Sanjak of Nablus contained the following subdivisions and villages/towns: Nahiya Jabal Shami *Tayasir, 'Aqqaba, Tammun, Tubas (city), Tubas, Sir, Jenin, Sir, Talluza, Fandaqumiya, Jaba, Jenin, Jaba, Burqa, Nablus, Burqa, Zawata,Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 125 Ijnisinya, Rama, Jenin, Rama, Ajjah, Attil, Kafr Rumman, Shufa, Tulkarm, Shufa, Beit Lid, Saffarin, YasidHütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 126 Kufeir, Baqa al-Gharbiyye, Ramin, Tulkarm, Ramin, Zemer, Anabta, Bal'a, Qabatiya, Al-Judeida,Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 127 Arraba, Jenin, Arraba, Yabad, Kufeirit, Burqin, Palestine, Burqin, Asira ash-Shamaliya, Kafr Qud, Mirka, Je ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arabic Script
The Arabic script is the writing system used for Arabic (Arabic alphabet) and several other languages of Asia and Africa. It is the second-most widely used alphabetic writing system in the world (after the Latin script), the second-most widely used List of writing systems by adoption, writing system in the world by number of countries using it, and the third-most by number of users (after the Latin and Chinese characters, Chinese scripts). The script was first used to write texts in Arabic, most notably the Quran, the holy book of Islam. With Spread of Islam, the religion's spread, it came to be used as the primary script for many language families, leading to the addition of new letters and other symbols. Such languages still using it are Arabic language, Arabic, Persian language, Persian (Western Persian, Farsi and Dari), Urdu, Uyghur language, Uyghur, Kurdish languages, Kurdish, Pashto, Punjabi language, Punjabi (Shahmukhi), Sindhi language, Sindhi, South Azerbaijani, Azerb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Defter
A ''defter'' was a type of tax register and land cadastre in the Ottoman Empire. Etymology The term is derived from Greek , literally 'processed animal skin, leather, fur', meaning a book, having pages of goat parchment used along with papyrus as paper in Ancient Greece, borrowed into Arabic as '':'' , meaning a register or a notebook. Description The information collected could vary, but ''tahrir defterleri'' typically included details of villages, dwellings, household heads (adult males and widows), ethnicity/religion (because these could affect tax liabilities/exemptions), and land use. The defter-i hakâni was a land registry, also used for tax purposes. Each town had a defter and typically an officiator or someone in an administrative role to determine whether the information should be recorded. The officiator was usually some kind of learned man who had knowledge of state regulations. The defter was used to record family interactions such as marriage and inheritance. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dunam
A dunam ( Ottoman Turkish, Arabic: ; ; ; ), also known as a donum or dunum and as the old, Turkish, or Ottoman stremma, was the Ottoman unit of area analogous in role (but not equal) to the Greek stremma or English acre, representing the amount of land that could be ploughed by a team of oxen in a day. The legal definition was(when?) "forty standard paces in length and breadth", but its actual area varied considerably from place to place, from a little more than in Ottoman Palestine to around in Iraq.Λεξικό της κοινής Νεοελληνικής (Dictionary of Modern Greek), Ινστιτούτο Νεοελληνικών Σπουδών, Θεσσαλονίκη, 1998. The unit is still in use in many areas previously ruled by the Ottomans, although the new or metric dunam has been redefined(as of when, by who?) as exactly one decare (), which is 1/10 hectare (1/10 × ), like the modern Greek royal stremma. History The name dönüm, from the Ottoman Turkish ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Village Statistics, 1945
Village Statistics, 1945 was a joint survey work prepared by the Government Office of Statistics and the Department of Lands of the British Mandate Government for the Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry on Palestine which acted in early 1946. Hadawi, S., Village statistics, 1945, A Classification of Land and Area Ownership in Palestine, pp11 The data were calculated as of April 1, 1945, and was later published and also served the UNSCOP committee that operated in 1947. The survey encompasses data on land ownership, its uses, population statistics, and tax payment records. The land data was derived from the work conducted for the Peel Commission and subsequently updated by the Mandate Government's Lands Department. The population data was based on the 1931 census of Palestine, updated with information from various partial censuses primarily conducted in the Jewish sector, along with immigration and natural reproduction data. The data for the entire Land of Israel is deemed more ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1931 Census Of Palestine
The 1931 census of Palestine was the second census carried out by the authorities of Mandatory Palestine. It was carried out on 18 November 1931 under the direction of Major E. Mills after the 1922 census of Palestine. * Census of Palestine 1931, Volume I. Palestine Part I, Report. Alexandria, 1933 (349 pages). * Census of Palestine 1931, Volume II. Palestine, Part II, Tables. Alexandria, 1933 (595 pages). References Further reading * Miscellaneous short extracts from the census reports at Emory University * J. McCarthy, The Population of Palestine, Columbia University Press (1988). This contains many pages of tables extracted from the census reports. {{Authority control Censuses in Mandatory Palestine Census Of Palestine, 1931 Documents of Mandatory Palestine Palestine Palestine, officially the State of Palestine, is a country in West Asia. Recognized by International recognition of Palestine, 147 of the UN's 193 member states, it encompasses the Israeli-occupie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1922 Census Of Palestine
The 1922 census of Palestine was the first census carried out by the authorities of the British Mandate of Palestine, on 23 October 1922. The reported population was 757,182, including the military and persons of foreign nationality. The division into religious groups was 590,890 Muslims, 83,794 Jews, 73,024 Christians, 7,028 Druze, 408 Sikhs, 265 Baháʼís, 156 Metawalis, and 163 Samaritans. Operation Censuses carried out by the Ottoman Empire, most recently in 1914, had been for the purpose of imposing taxation or locating men for military service. For this reason, the announcement of a census was unpopular and effort was made in advance to reassure the population.Barron, pp. 1–4. This was believed to be successful except in the case of the Bedouins of the Beersheva Subdistrict, who refused to cooperate. Many census gatherers, supervised by 296 Revising Operators and Enumerators, visited each dwelling, with special arrangements made for persons having no fixed address ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
PEF Survey Of Palestine
The PEF Survey of Palestine was a series of surveys carried out by the Palestine Exploration Fund (PEF) between 1872 and 1877 for the completed Survey of Western Palestine (SWP) and in 1880 for the soon abandoned Survey of Eastern Palestine. The survey was carried out after the success of the Ordnance Survey of Jerusalem by the newly-founded PEF, with support from the War Office. Twenty-six sheets were produced for "Western Palestine" and one sheet for "Eastern Palestine". It was the first fully scientific Cartography of Palestine, mapping of Palestine. Besides being a geographic survey the group collected thousands of place names with the objective of identifying Biblical, Talmudic, early Christian and Crusading locations. The survey resulted in the publication of a map of Palestine consisting of 26 sheets, at a scale of 1:63,360, the most detailed and accurate map of Palestine published in the 19th century. The PEF survey represented the peak of the cartographic work in Palestin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Palestine Exploration Fund
The Palestine Exploration Fund is a British society based in London. It was founded in 1865, shortly after the completion of the Ordnance Survey of Jerusalem by Royal Engineers of the War Department. The Fund is the oldest known organization in the world created specifically for the study of the Levant region, also known as Palestine (region), Palestine. Often simply known as the PEF, its initial objective was to carry out surveys of the topography and ethnography of History of Palestine#Ottoman period, Ottoman Palestine – producing the PEF Survey of Palestine. Its remit was considered to fall between an expeditionary survey and military intelligence gathering. There was also strong religious interest from Christians; William Thomson (Archbishop of York), William Thomson, Archbishop of York, was the first president of the PEF. As a result, the PEF had a complex relationship with Corps of Royal Engineers of the War Department. The PEF members sent back reports to the UK on the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Victor Guérin
Victor Guérin (; 15 September 1821 – 21 September 1890) was a French people, French intellectual, explorer and amateur archaeologist. He published books describing the geography, archeology and history of the areas he explored, which included Greece, Asia Minor, North Africa, Lebanon, Syria (region), Syria and Palestine (region), Palestine. Biography Victor Guérin, a devout Catholic, graduated from the ''École normale supérieure'' in Paris in 1840. After graduation, he began working as a teacher of rhetoric and member of faculty in various colleges and high schools in France, then in French Algeria, Algeria in 1850, and 1852 he became a member of the French School of Athens. While exploring Samos, he identified the spring that feeds the Tunnel of Eupalinos and the beginnings of the channel. His doctoral thesis of 1856 dealt with the coastal region of Palestine, from Khan Yunis to Mount Carmel. Guerin died on 21 September 1891 in Paris. Academic and archaeology career He wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marj Sanur
Marj Sanur (, translation: "Sanur Valley"; also called Marj al-Ghuruq, translation: "Drowning Valley" is a closed basin within the northern mountains of the West Bank, located entirely in the southern Jenin Governorate, in between the cities of Jenin (to the north) and Nablus (to the south). Adam Zertal theorized that Majr Sanur was the territory of the Milcah clan of the Israelite tribe of Manasseh during the Iron Age. Today Seven villages border the valley: Sanur, Meithalun, Siris, al-Judeida, Sir, Misilyah and Zawiya. Meithalun is the largest village around the valley and it has the largest share of Marj Sanur's land. Name In Arabic, ''marj'' translates as the "fertile valley" or "meadow". The valley is named after the village of Sanur, one of seven Palestinian villages that border the valley. Geography Marj Sanur's maximum length is 7.5 kilometers and maximum width is 3.5 kilometers. The average elevation in the valley is between 350 and 360 meters above sea level ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edward Robinson (scholar)
Edward Robinson (April 10, 1794 – January 27, 1863) was an American biblical scholar known for his magnum opus, ''Biblical Researches in Palestine'', the first major work in biblical geography and biblical archaeology, which earned him the epithets "Father of Biblical Geography" and "Founder of Modern Palestinology." He studied in the United States and Germany, centers of biblical scholarship and exploration of the Bible as history. He translated scriptural works from classical languages as well as German translations. His ''Greek and English Lexicon of the New Testament'' (1836; last revision, 1850) became a standard authority in the United States and was reprinted several times in Great Britain. Biography Robinson was born in Southington, Connecticut, and raised on a farm. His father was a minister in the Congregational Church of the town for four decades. Robinson taught at schools in East Haven and Farmington in 1810–11 to earn money for college. He attended Hamilt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
