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Al-Basus
Al-Basus (Arabic: البسوس) was a female poet of pre-Islamic Arabia. She is remembered for her poetry which incited her nephew into murdering Kulaib ibn Rabiah, starting the Basus War that lasted for 40 years. Biography Al-Basus was from the tribes of Banu Tamim and Banu Bakr. Her father, Munqidh, was of Bakri descent. She was also the maternal aunt of Jassas ibn Murrah, who was the chief of the Banu Shayban tribe at the time in the late 5th century. Role in the Basus War Al-Basus owned a she-camel that had one day accidentally wandered into and grazed some fields that were the property of Kulaib ibn Rabiah, the chief of the Taghlib tribe. Kulaib was unhappy at what had happened to his property, so he shot at the unwelcomed she-camel with arrows, killing it. When Al-Basus heard of the plight of her she-camel, she composed a poem which incited her nephew Jassas ibn Murrah against Kulaib. Jassas eventually murdered Kulaib as revenge for the killing of his aunt's she-camel; ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jassas Ibn Murrah
Jassas ibn Murrah al-Shaybani al-Bakri (Arabic: جساس بن مرة الشيباني البكري) was a pre-Islamic tribal chief of the Banu Shayban, a division of the Banu Bakr tribe. He is best remembered for his assassination of the chief of the Taghlib tribe, Kulaib ibn Rabiah, which sparked the 40-year conflict known as the Basus War. Biography Family According to Yaqut al-Hamawi, the full lineage of Jassas ibn Murrah is in fact Jassas, son of Murrah, son of Dhal, son of Shayban, son of Tha'laba, son of Aqaba, son of Sa'b, son of Ali, son of Bakr ibn Wa'il; al-Hamawi proceeds to trace this lineage back to Adnan. Hence, Jassas is from the Banu Bakr and belongs to the Banu Shayban division of the tribe. Additionally, Jassas' descent from Adnan confirms that he is not only amongst the Adnanites, but also a descendant of the biblical patriarch Ishmael, and is of an Israelite mother at the same time. Jassas' sister, Jalilah bint Murrah, was married to Kulaib ibn Rabiah hen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basus War
The Basus War (often written al-Basus War; ''ḥarb al-basūs'') was a 40-year conflict between two cousin tribes in Arabia of Late Antiquity. It was caused by the slaughtering of a camel that was owned by a neighboring tribe, and the subsequent killing of the Taghlibi chief that came after it. This war is also remembered as a famous aphorism warning against familial discord and other family-related issues including grudges between relatives. Background An influential tribal chief and leader of the Banu Taghlib, Kulaib ibn Rabiah, had shot a prized she-camel with his arrow. This camel belonged to a woman named Basus, who was related to the chief of the Banu Shayban, a subdivision of Banu Bakr. Basus wrote and recited a poem which incited the chief of Banu Shayban, Jassas ibn Murrah, against Kulayb ibn Rabi'ah; this resulted in the former stabbing the latter to death. Kulayb's murder angered the Banu Taghlib, and they attacked and provoked Banu Shayban hence bringing all th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kulaib Ibn Rabiah
Kulaib ibn Rabi'ah al-Taghlibi (Arabic: كليب بن ربيعة التغلبي) also known as Wa'il al-Taghlibi was a pre-Islamic tribal chief and the first of the Adnanites to become a king over them. Under his rule, the Adnanites gained prominence in the Arabian Peninsula over their Qahtanite counterparts. Kulaib's assassination in 494 CE sparked the Basus War. Biography Family His full lineage is given as: Kulaib, son of Rabiah, son of al-Harith, son of Zuhayr, son of Jashm, son of Bakr, son of Habib, son of 'Amr, son of Ghanim, son of Taghlib ibn Wa'il. Hence, he is from the Taghlib tribe. Kulaib's descent from Adnan is also confirmed by the fact that Taghlib is descended from Adnan.Lecker, M. (2000). "Taghlib b. Wāʾil". In Bearman, P. J.; Bianquis, Th.; Bosworth, C. E.; van Donzel, E. & Heinrichs, W. P. (eds.). ''The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition.'' Volume X: T–U. Leiden: E. J. Brill. pp. 89–93. ISBN 978-90-04-11211-7. Adnan's descent from the biblical patr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taghlib
The Banu Taghlib (), also known as Taghlib ibn Wa'il, were an Arab tribe that originated in Jazira. Their parent tribe was the Rabi'a, and they thus traced their descent to the Adnanites. The Taghlib were among the most powerful and cohesive nomadic tribes of the pre-Islamic era and were known for their bitter wars with their kinsmen from the Banu Bakr, as well as their struggles with the Lakhmid kings of al-Hira in Iraq ( Lower Mesopotamia). The tribe embraced Miaphysite Christianity and remained largely Christian long after the advent of Islam in the mid-7th century. After early opposition to the Muslims, the Taghlib eventually secured for themselves an important place in Umayyad politics. They allied with the Umayyads and engaged in numerous battles with the rebellious Qaysi tribes during the Qays–Yaman feuding in the late 7th century. During Abbasid rule, some individuals from the tribe embraced Islam and were given governorships in parts of the Caliphate. By the mi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arabic
Arabic (, , or , ) is a Central Semitic languages, Central Semitic language of the Afroasiatic languages, Afroasiatic language family spoken primarily in the Arab world. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) assigns language codes to 32 varieties of Arabic, including its standard form of Literary Arabic, known as Modern Standard Arabic, which is derived from Classical Arabic. This distinction exists primarily among Western linguists; Arabic speakers themselves generally do not distinguish between Modern Standard Arabic and Classical Arabic, but rather refer to both as ( "the eloquent Arabic") or simply ' (). Arabic is the List of languages by the number of countries in which they are recognized as an official language, third most widespread official language after English and French, one of six official languages of the United Nations, and the Sacred language, liturgical language of Islam. Arabic is widely taught in schools and universities around the wo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Banu Tamim
The Banū Tamīm () are an Arab tribe that originated in Najd and Hejaz in the Arabian Peninsula. It is mainly present in Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, Oman, Jordan and Lebanon, and has a strong presence in Algeria, and Morocco, Palestine, Tunisia, and Libya. It is also present in many other parts of the Middle East and North Africa region such as Egypt and Khuzestan in Iran. The word ''Tamim'' in Arabic means strong and solid. It can also mean those who strive for perfection. History and origin The traditional family tree of the Banu Tamim is as follows: Tamim ibn Murr ibn 'Udd ibn Amr ibn Ilyas ibn Mudar bin Nizar bin Ma'add bin Adnan - a direct descendant of Isma'il bin Ibrahim (Ishmael, son of Abraham). The Banu Tamim are one of the largest tribes of Arabia. The tribe occupied numerous Wadis and villages in central and eastern Arabia in the 6th century before playing an important role in the beginning of Islam. They came into contact with Muhammad in the 8th year ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Banu Bakr
The Banu Bakr bin Wa'il ( '), or simply Banu Bakr, today known as Bani Bakr is an Arabian tribe belonging to the large Rabi'ah, a branch of Adnanite tribe. It is registered as one of the oldest and most ancient Arab gatherings. The tribe is reputed to have engaged in a 40-year war before Islam with its cousins from Taghlib, known as the War of Basous. The pre-Islamic poet Tarafah was a Bakry. The Banu Bakr tribe along with their cousins Taghlib are under the name Bani Bakr. Most of them today live in Arabia in Najd, north Hejaz, north of the Arabian peninsula and a small amount across the rest of the Middle East The Man Bakr Bin Wael was the oldest son for Wael from his Bakry wife. They come from a lineage of an Arab clan that named their first born sons Bakr in reference to their ancestor Bakr the Patriarch. Since young age, Wael and his brothers, set their sons to be desert warriors. Wael put his son Bakr in charge of the clan. As Bakr got older, he was able to form a fi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Banu Shayban
The Banu Shayban () is an Arab tribe, a branch of the Banu Bakr. Throughout the early Islamic era, the tribe was settled chiefly in al-Jazira Province and played an important role in its history. History In the pre-Islamic period, the Shayban with their flocks wandered according to the seasons, wintering in Jadiyya in the Najd and moving to the fertile lowlands around the Euphrates for the summer, ranging from Upper Mesopotamia in the north to Lower Mesopotamia and the shores of the Persian Gulf.Bianquis (1997), pp. 391–392 Its chief opponents during this time were the Taghlib and Banu Tamim. Already from pre-Islamic times, the tribe was "celebrated ... for the remarkable quality of its poets, its use of a very pure form of Arabic language and its fighting ardour" (Th. Bianquis), a reputation its members retained into the Islamic period, when histories remark both on their own skills as, and on their patronage of, poets. During the time of Muhammad and his immediate succes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abu Layla Al-Muhalhel
Abu Layla ʿUday ibn Rabīʿa ibn al-Ḥāriṯ at-Taḡlibiyy (; 443 – 531 CE), also known by the nicknames al-Muhalhil ("he who finely weaves poems") and az-Zīr ("the philander"), was a Pre-Islamic poetry, pre-Islamic poet and warrior born in Najd. He led the Banu Taghlib tribe in the forty-year long War of Basus. He was the maternal uncle of fellow poet Imru' al-Qais, and also the grandfather of Amr ibn Kulthum through his second daughter Layla. Basus war He lead his tribe into the 40 years long war , despite being victorious in the beginning of the war his stubborness and unwillingness to end the cycle of revenge ended in the defeat of his tribe References 440s births 531 deaths 5th-century Arab people 6th-century Arabic-language poets Epic poets Arab Christians {{MEast-poet-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
