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Ahmed Mukhtar Jaff
Ahmed Mukhtar Jaff (1898–1934) was the son of Osman Pasha Jaff, an Ottoman Kurdish ruler of Mosul Vilayet, and Adela Kahnem AKA Adela Jaff (Lady Adela) . He was one of the most prominent leaders of the Jaf family, as well as a poet and a novelist. Ahmed Mukhtar Jaf was a member of Iraqi parliament and mayor of Halabja Halabja (, ) is a city in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq and the capital of Halabja Governorate, located about northeast of Baghdad and from the Iranian border. The city lies at the base of what is often referred to as the greater Hewraman re .... He was born in the year 1898 in the province of Halabja. He had two sons, Afrasiab Jaf and Ghandi Jaf, as well as three daughters, Shamsa Jaff, Roonak Jaff and Hameeda Jaff. He was a patriot Kurd who called for Kurdistan's independence and opposed the English occupation. He was only 32 when he was killed by the River Meer or River Sirwan in 1934. References {{reflist Kurdish people from the Ottoman Empire 20 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Osman Pasha Jaff
Osman Pasha Jaff, supreme ruler to the Jaff tribe, and an Ottoman ruler in the Mosul vilayet, that contributed to women's suffrage in the Middle East. In 1888 and 1889, Sultan Abdul Hamid II had Osman replace his more violent brother, Mahmood Pasha Jaff, who was an insurrectionist. Osman Pasha Jaff proved himself to be such a worthy administrator that he received many medals and promotions by the Ottoman Sultan for his endeavors. Osman especially went after the many bandits who roamed the Mesopotamian region of the Ottoman Empire, and plunged the region into anarchy. Osman Pasha Jaff is the father of Ahmed Mukhtar Jaff (احمد مختار جاف)one of the iconic patriots of Kurds and one of their legendary poets. Osman and the Jaff tribe were found on both sides of the border as both Ottoman and Persian states trusted him for the security of the region. He was so satisfactory to the Shah of Persia that Iran awarded him in 1894 a sword as an honor. Osman governed with his w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ottoman Kurds
Ottoman Kurds were ethnic Kurds who lived in the Ottoman Empire. At its peak, the Ottoman Empire ruled North Kurdistan, South Kurdistan, West Kurdistan, and a small part of East Kurdistan. Parts of Greater Kurdistan under Ottoman control are collectively known as Ottoman Kurdistan. History The Ottomans first made contact with Kurds during their conflict with the Safavids in 1514, under the rule of Selim I. Their first interactions were positive. The Kurds, led by Idris Bitlisi, sided with the Ottoman invaders against the Safavids during the Battle of Chaldiran. The Kurdish forces played a big role in taking Diyarbakır and other parts of Eastern Anatolia from the Safavids. In the Ottoman Empire, Kurds were known as the "Black Nation" while Turkomans were known as the "Grey Nation". After the Ottomans gained control of Eastern Anatolia, Sultan Selim I rewarded the Kurds with tax and military exemptions when needed, as well as semi-autonomous status, which was protected a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lady Adela
Lady Adela Jaff or Adela Khanem, called the ''Princess of the Brave'' by the British Empire, British was a Kurdish ruler of the Jaff tribe and one of the first famous woman leaders in the history of Kurdistan. The Jaff tribe is the biggest tribe in Kurdistan and is native to the Zagros area, which is divided between Iran and Iraq. Adela Khanem was of the famous aristocratic Sahibqeran family, who intermarried with the tribal chiefs of Jaff. Lady Adela exerted great influence in the affairs of Jaff tribe in the Sharazor plain. The Brits appointed her the title “Lady” due to the restoration of trade and law in the region and succeeded in saving the lives of hundreds of British soldiers. Biography She was born in about 1847 the ruling family in Sanandaj, second largest city of Iranian Kurdistan. She married Kurdish King Osman Pasha Jaff, whose headquarters was in Halabja. Her husband Osman Pasha Jaff, was a Pasha and she ruled in his place at her husband’s absence. Her father w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iraqi Parliament
The Council of Representatives is the '' de facto'' unicameral legislature of Iraq. According to the Constitution of Iraq, it is the lower house of the bicameral legislature of the country. As of 2020, it comprises 329 seats and meets in Baghdad inside the Green Zone. History The monarchy An elected Iraqi parliament first formed following the establishment of a constitutional monarchy in 1925. The 1925 constitution called for a bicameral parliament whose lower house, the Chamber of Deputies of Iraq or Council of Representatives (''Majlis an-Nuwwab'') would be elected based on universal manhood suffrage. The upper house, the Senate of Iraq (''Majlis al-A`yan'') was appointed by the king. Sixteen elections took place between 1925 and the coup of 1958. On January 17, 1953 elections for the Chamber of Deputies (also known as the National Assembly) took place. Following controversy over the implementation of the so-called Baghdad Pact, Prime Minister Nuri Pasha as-Said ca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Halabja
Halabja (, ) is a city in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq and the capital of Halabja Governorate, located about northeast of Baghdad and from the Iranian border. The city lies at the base of what is often referred to as the greater Hewraman region stretching across the Iran–Iraq border. Halabja is surrounded by Hawraman and Shnrwe range in the northeast, Balambo range in the south and Sirwan river in the west. The Kurds in the city of Halabja generally speak only the Sorani dialect of Kurdish, but some residents of the surrounding villages speak the Gorani dialect. History Early history The history of Halabja is believed to have started during the Akkadian Empire period (24th century BC). The ancient city-kingdom of Lullubi from that period is thought to be located in Halabja area. The excavations at nearby archaeological sites like Bakr Awa revealed a long history. The cemetery there includes the tombs of several historical figures, such as Ahmed Mukhtar Jaff, Tayar Bag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
River Meer
A river is a natural stream of fresh water that flows on land or inside caves towards another body of water at a lower elevation, such as an ocean, lake, or another river. A river may run dry before reaching the end of its course if it runs out of water, or only flow during certain seasons. Rivers are regulated by the water cycle, the processes by which water moves around the Earth. Water first enters rivers through precipitation, whether from rainfall, the runoff of water down a slope, the melting of glaciers or snow, or seepage from aquifers beneath the surface of the Earth. Rivers flow in channeled watercourses and merge in confluences to form drainage basins, or catchments, areas where surface water eventually flows to a common outlet. Rivers have a great effect on the landscape around them. They may regularly overflow their banks and flood the surrounding area, spreading nutrients to the surrounding area. Sediment or alluvium carried by rivers shapes the landscape aro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kurdish People From The Ottoman Empire
Kurdish may refer to: *Kurds or Kurdish people *Kurdish language **Northern Kurdish (Kurmanji) **Central Kurdish (Sorani) **Southern Kurdish ** Laki Kurdish *Kurdish alphabets *Kurdistan, the land of the Kurdish people which includes: **Southern Kurdistan **Eastern Kurdistan **Northern Kurdistan **Western Kurdistan See also * Kurd (other) *Kurdish literature *Kurdish music *Kurdish rugs *Kurdish cuisine *Kurdish culture *Kurdish nationalism Kurdish nationalism () is a nationalist political movement which asserts that Kurds are a nation and espouses the creation of an independent Kurdistan from Iran, Iraq, Syria, and Turkey. Early Kurdish nationalism had its roots in the Ottoman ... {{disambiguation Language and nationality disambiguation pages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1898 Births
Events January * January 1 – New York City annexes land from surrounding counties, creating the City of Greater New York as the world's second largest. The city is geographically divided into five boroughs: Manhattan, Brooklyn, Queens, The Bronx and Staten Island. * January 13 – Novelist Émile Zola's open letter to the President of the French Republic on the Dreyfus affair, , is published on the front page of the Paris daily newspaper , accusing the government of wrongfully imprisoning Alfred Dreyfus and of antisemitism. February * February 12 – The automobile belonging to Henry Lindfield of Brighton rolls out of control down a hill in Purley, London, England, and hits a tree; thus he becomes the world's first fatality from an automobile accident on a public highway. * February 15 – Spanish–American War: The explodes and sinks in Havana Harbor, Cuba, for reasons never fully established, killing 266 men. The event precipitates the United States' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
