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Ahmad Bin Hanbal
Ahmad ibn Hanbal (; (164-241 AH; 780 – 855 CE) was an Arab Muslim scholar, jurist, theologian, traditionist, ascetic and eponym of the Hanbali school of Islamic jurisprudence—one of the four major orthodox legal schools of Sunni Islam. The most highly influential and active scholar during his lifetime, Ibn Hanbal went on to become "one of the most venerated" intellectual figures in Islamic history, who has had a "profound influence affecting almost every area" of the traditionalist perspective within Sunni Islam. One of the foremost classical proponents of relying on scriptural sources as the basis for Sunni Islamic law and way of life, Ibn Hanbal compiled one of the most significant Sunni hadith collections, '' al-Musnad'', which has continued to exercise considerable influence on the field of hadith studies up to the present time. Having studied jurisprudence and hadith under many teachers during his youth, Ibn Hanbal became famous in his later life for the crucial role ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Imam
Imam (; , '; : , ') is an Islamic leadership position. For Sunni Islam, Sunni Muslims, Imam is most commonly used as the title of a prayer leader of a mosque. In this context, imams may lead Salah, Islamic prayers, serve as community leaders, and provide religious guidance. Thus for Sunnis, anyone can study the basic Islamic teachings and become an imam. For most Shia Islam, Shia Muslims, the Imams are absolute infallible leaders of the Islamic community after the Prophet. Shias consider the term to be only applicable to the members and descendants of the ''Ahl al-Bayt'', the family of the Islamic prophet Muhammad in Islam, Muhammad. In Twelver Shia, Twelver Shi'ism there are 14 The Fourteen Infallible, infallibles, 12 of which are Imams, the final being Muhammad al-Mahdi, Imam Mahdi who will return at the end of times. The title was also used by the Zaydism, Zaidi Shia Imams of Yemen, who eventually founded the Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen (1918–1970). Sunni imams Sunni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theologian
Theology is the study of religious belief from a religious perspective, with a focus on the nature of divinity. It is taught as an academic discipline, typically in universities and seminaries. It occupies itself with the unique content of analyzing the supernatural, but also deals with religious epistemology, asks and seeks to answer the question of revelation. Revelation pertains to the acceptance of God, gods, or deities, as not only transcendent or above the natural world, but also willing and able to interact with the natural world and to reveal themselves to humankind. Theologians use various forms of analysis and argument ( experiential, philosophical, ethnographic, historical, and others) to help understand, explain, test, critique, defend or promote any myriad of religious topics. As in philosophy of ethics and case law, arguments often assume the existence of previously resolved questions, and develop by making analogies from them to draw new inferences in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ibn Khuzaymah
Muhammad ibn Ishaq ibn Khuzaymah al-Nishapuri (Arabic:محمد بن إسحق بن خزيمع النيسابوري) (Persian: محمد بن اسحاق بن خزیمه نیشاپوری) (838-924 AH) was a prominent Persian Muslim ''muhaddith'' scholar and Shafi'i jurist. He is best known for his hadith collection, '' Sahih Ibn Khuzaymah. Biography He was born in Nishapur a year earlier than Ibn Jarir al-Tabari and outlived him by one year. In Nishapur, he studied under its scholars, including Ishaq Ibn Rahwayh (died 238 AH/853 CE), the muhaddith of Khorasan at the time, as well as with al-Bukhari and Muslim. Works Al-Hakim recorded that Ibn Khuzaymah wrote more than 140 books. Little of what he wrote survives today: * '' Saheeh ibn Khuzaymah: mukhtaṣar al-Mukhtaṣar min al-musnad al-Ṣaḥīḥ'' (): It is a collection of hadiths, covering prayer, fasting, pilgrimage, and the ''zakāt'' tithe. Among the ''Sahih'' collections after ''Sahih Bukhari'' and ''Sahih Muslim ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abu Bakr Al-Khallal
ʾAḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn Hārūn ibn Yazīd al Baghdādī () better known as Abū Bakr al Khalāl, was a Medieval Muslim jurist."Khallal, Abu Bakr Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Harun al-" aThe Oxford International Encyclopedia of Legal History Ed. Stanley Nider Katz. Web version. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012. Al-Khallal was a student of five of Ahmad ibn Hanbal's direct students, including Ibn Hanbal's son Abdullah.H. Laoustal-K̲h̲allāl Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Brill Online, 2013. Reference. Accessed 1 July 2013. His documentation on Ibn Hanbal's views eventually reached twenty volumes and ultimately led to the preservation of the Hanbali school of Islamic law. Abu Zayd Bakr bin Abdullah, ''Madkhal al-mufassal ila fiqh al-Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal wa-takhrijat al-ashab''. Riyadh: Dar al 'Aminah, 2007. He was considered the principal Hanbalite scholar of his time. Life Al-Khallal's exact date of birth is not known. He died in 923, which means that he would ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ibn Al Qayyim
Shams ad-Dīn Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn Abī Bakr ibn Ayyūb az-Zurʿī d-Dimashqī l-Ḥanbalī (29 January 1292–15 September 1350 CE / 691 AH–751 AH), commonly known as Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya ("The son of the principal of he school ofJawziyyah") or Ibn al-Qayyim ("Son of the principal"; ابن القيّم) for short, or reverentially as Imam Ibn al-Qayyim in Sunni tradition, was an important medieval Islamic jurisconsult, theologian, and spiritual writer. Belonging to the Hanbali school of Fiqh (Islamic Jurisprudence), of which he is regarded as "one of the most important thinkers," Ibn al-Qayyim was also the foremost disciple and student of Ibn Taymiyya,Hoover, Jon, "Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya", in: Christian-Muslim Relations 600 - 1500, General Editor David Thomas. with whom he was imprisoned in 1326 for dissenting against established tradition during Ibn Taymiyya's famous incarceration in the Citadel of Damascus. Of humble origin, Ibn al-Qayyim's father was th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ibn Taymiyyah
Ibn Taymiyya (; 22 January 1263 – 26 September 1328)Ibn Taymiyya, Taqi al-Din Ahmad, The Oxford Dictionary of Islam. http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780195125580.001.0001/acref-9780195125580-e-959 was a Sunni Muslim ulama, scholar, faqīh, jurist, muhaddith, traditionist, Sufism, Sufi, Qadiri, history of Islam#Proto-Salafism, proto-Salafi aqidah, theologian and aniconism in Islam, iconoclast.Nettler, R. and Kéchichian, J.A., 2009. Ibn Taymīyah, Taqī al-Dīn Aḥmad. The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World, 2, pp.502–4. He is known for his diplomatic involvement with the Ilkhanid ruler Ghazan Khan at the Battle of Marj al-Saffar (1303), Battle of Marj al-Saffar, which ended the Mongol invasions of the Levant. A legal jurist of the Hanbali school, Ibn Taymiyya's condemnation of numerous Sufism, Sufi practices associated with wali, saint veneration and ziyarat, visitation of tombs made him a controversial figure with many rulers and scholars of the tim ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ibn Qudamah
Ibn Qudama (January/February 11477 July 1223) was an ulama, Islamic scholar and aqidah, theologian of the Hanbali, Hanbali school of Sunni Islam. Born in the Palestine (region), Palestine region, Ibn Qudama authored many important treatises on fiqh, Islamic jurisprudence and religious doctrine, including one of the standard works of Hanbali law, the revered ''al-Mughni''. Ibn Qudama is highly regarded in Sunni Islam for being one of the most notable and influential thinkers of the Hanbali maddhab, school of orthodox Sunni jurisprudence. Within that school, he is one of the few thinkers to be given the honorific epithet of Shaykh of Islam, which is a prestigious title bestowed by Sunnis on some of the most important thinkers of their tradition. A proponent of the classical Sunni position of the "differences between the scholars being a mercy," Ibn Qudama is famous for saying, "The consensus of the leaders of jurisprudence is an overwhelming proof, and their disagreement is a vast m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Shafi'i
Al-Shafi'i (; ;767–820 CE) was a Muslim scholar, jurist, muhaddith, traditionist, theologian, ascetic, and eponym of the Shafi'i school of Sunni Islamic jurisprudence. He is known to be the first to write a book upon the principles of Islamic jurisprudence, having authored one of the earliest work on the subject: '' al-Risala''. His legacy and teaching on the matter provided it with a systematic form, thereby "fundamentally influencing the succeeding generations which are under his direct and obvious impact," and "beginning a new phase of the development of legal theory." Being born in Gaza, Palestine, to the Banu Muttalib clan of the Quraysh tribe, he relocated at the age of two and was raised in Mecca. He later resided in Medina, Yemen, Baghdad in Iraq, and Egypt, and also served as a judge for some time in Najran. Introduction The biography of al-Shafi'i is difficult to trace. It was said Dawud al-Zahiri (d. 884 CE) was the first to write one, but the work ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abu Thawr
Ibrahim ibn Khalid al-Kalbi al-Baghdadi (764–854) better known as Abu Thawr () was an early Arab scholar of Islam. He was born in 170 AH. Abu Thawr was a student of Al-Shafi. A personal school was built by the followers of Abu Thawr which disappeared by the 4th century Hijra. Abu Thawr was asked, "Who are the Qadariyyah?" and he replied: "The Qadariyyah are those who say Allaah did not create the actions of the servants and that Allah did not decree acts of disobedience for the servants and that He did not create them (the acts of disobedience). Therefore these Qadariyyah are not be prayed behind, nor are their sick to be visited and nor are their funerals to be attended. Their repentance from this saying should be sought. If they repent (then so) and if not then their necks are to be struck." He was also one of the students of Ibn Kullab Ibn Kullab () (d. ca. 241/855) was an early Sunni theologian (mutakallim) in Basra and Baghdad in the first half of the 9th century duri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abd Al-Razzaq Al-Sana'ani
Abd al-Razzaq ibn Hammam ibn Nafi' al-San'ani (, 744 – January 827 CE, 126–211 AH), a Yemeni hadith scholar who compiled a hadith collection known as the ''Musannaf'' of Abd al-Razzaq. Biography Abd al-Razzaq was born in 126 AH/744 CE to a father who was a hadith scholar. At the age of 20, he began his studies in Sanaa where he was a student of Ma'mar ibn Rashid for eight years, also learning under Ibn Jurayj, Sufyan ibn ʽUyaynah and Sufyan al-Thawri. In pursuit of hadith, Abd al-Razzaq journeyed to the Hejaz, Syria and Iraq. When attending the lectures of scholars to learn hadith through audition, he reportedly brought several scribes with him to assist in recording them. In the latter half of the second Hijri century, he compiled his own ''musannaf'', consisting mostly of traditions transmitted by his teachers. He also taught hadith. Among those who transmitted from him were Yaḥya ibn Maʻin, Ali ibn al-Madini and Ahmad ibn Hanbal. He died in mid-Shawwal 211 AH/early ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abd Allah Ibn Al-Mubarak
Abū ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Abd Allah ibn al-Mubarak (; –797) was an 8th-century traditionalist Sunni Muslim scholar and Hanafi jurist. Known by the title ''Amir al-Mu'minin fi al-Hadith'', he is considered a pious Muslim known for his memory and zeal for knowledge who was a ''muhaddith'' and was remembered for his asceticism. Biography His father, named Mubarak, was of Indian or Turkic descent from Khurasan and became a Mawla or "client" of an Arab trader from the tribe of Banī Hanẓala in the city of Hamadhān. His mother was said to have been from Khwārizm. Mubarak later married Hind, a trader's daughter. Ibn al-Mubarak was born during the reign of Umayyad caliph Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik. It is said that ʿAbdullāh left his hometown of Merv, and while living in Hamadhān, went on to visit and speak often in Baghdad. Ahmad ibn Hanbal commented that there was no one more eager to travel to seek knowledge than Abdullah ibn Mubarak. His teachers included Sufyān al-Thawrī a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
