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Agnes Cunningham
Agnes "Sis" Cunningham (February 19, 1909 – June 27, 2004) was an American musician, best known as a performer and publicist of folk music and protest songs. She was the founding editor of '' Broadside'' magazine, which she published with her husband Gordon Friesen and their daughters. Early life Sis Cunningham was born in Watonga, Oklahoma in Blaine County. She was the daughter of Ada Boyce and William Cunningham, an amateur fiddler, and grew up on a small homestead farm situated on land that was once part of the Cheyenne-Arapaho Indian Reservation. Her father was a socialist and follower of Eugene Debs, the American Socialist Party leader. As a child, Cunningham learned piano, accordion, and musical arrangement. In 1929, she attended the Weatherford Teachers' College in Oklahoma, now known as Southwestern Oklahoma State University, where she studied music. After graduating from Weatherford, Cunningham went on to the Commonwealth Labor College near Mena, Arkansas, in 1932, w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Watonga, Oklahoma
Watonga is a city in Blaine County, Oklahoma, Blaine County, Oklahoma. It is 70 miles northwest of Oklahoma City. The population was 2,690 as of the 2020 United States census. It is the county seat of Blaine County. History Watonga is located on former Cheyenne and Arapaho Indian Reservation lands that were allotted to individual tribal members, and the excess opened to white settlers in the Land Run of 1892. Watonga is named after Arapaho people, Arapaho Chief Watonga, whose name means "Black Coyote".Crawford, Terri"Watonga,"''Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture'', Oklahoma Historical Society, 2009. Retrieved April 15, 2015. The town began as a tent city on April 19, 1892. A post office opened in Watonga during the same year. However, the first railroad line through Watonga was not built until 1901–02, when the Enid and Anadarko Railway (later the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railway) constructed a rail line from Guthrie, Oklahoma, Guthrie. Geography Accordin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arrangement
In music, an arrangement is a musical adaptation of an existing composition. Differences from the original composition may include reharmonization, melodic paraphrasing, orchestration, or formal development. Arranging differs from orchestration in that the latter process is limited to the assignment of notes to instruments for performance by an orchestra, concert band, or other musical ensemble. Arranging "involves adding compositional techniques, such as new thematic material for introductions, transitions, or modulations, and endings. Arranging is the art of giving an existing melody musical variety".(Corozine 2002, p. 3) In jazz, a memorized (unwritten) arrangement of a new or pre-existing composition is known as a ''head arrangement''. Classical music Arrangement and transcriptions of classical and serious music go back to the early history of classical music. Eighteenth century J. S. Bach frequently made arrangements of his own and other composers' p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Woody Guthrie
Woodrow Wilson Guthrie (; July 14, 1912 – October 3, 1967) was an American singer, songwriter, and composer widely considered to be one of the most significant figures in American folk music. His work focused on themes of American Left, American socialism and anti-fascism and has inspired many generations both politically and musically with songs such as "This Land Is Your Land" and "Tear the fascists down, Tear the Fascists Down". Guthrie wrote hundreds of Country music, country, Folk music, folk, and Children's music, children's songs, along with ballads and improvised works. ''Dust Bowl Ballads'', Guthrie's album of songs about the Dust Bowl period, was included on ''Mojo (magazine), Mojo'' magazine's list of 100 Records That Changed the World, and many of his recorded songs are archived in the Library of Congress. Songwriters who have acknowledged Guthrie as a major influence on their work include Steve Earle, Bob Dylan, Lou Reed, Phil Ochs, Johnny Cash, Bruce Springst ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pete Seeger
Peter Seeger (May 3, 1919 – January 27, 2014) was an American singer, songwriter, musician, and social activist. He was a fixture on nationwide radio in the 1940s and had a string of hit records in the early 1950s as a member of The Weavers, notably their recording of Lead Belly's "Goodnight, Irene", which topped the charts for 14 weeks in 1950. Members of the Weavers were blacklisted during the McCarthyism, McCarthy Era. In the 1960s, Seeger re-emerged on the public scene as a prominent singer of protest song, protest music in support of nuclear disarmament, international disarmament, civil rights, workers' rights, Counterculture of the 1960s, counterculture, environmentalism, environmental causes, and ending the Vietnam War. Among the prolific songwriter's best-known songs are "Where Have All the Flowers Gone?" (with additional lyrics by Joe Hickerson), "If I Had a Hammer (The Hammer Song)" (with Lee Hays of the Weavers), "Kisses Sweeter than Wine" (also with Hays), and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Greenwich Village
Greenwich Village, or simply the Village, is a neighborhood on the west side of Lower Manhattan in New York City, bounded by 14th Street (Manhattan), 14th Street to the north, Broadway (Manhattan), Broadway to the east, Houston Street to the south, and the Hudson River to the west. Greenwich Village also contains several subsections, including the West Village west of Seventh Avenue (Manhattan), Seventh Avenue and the Meatpacking District, Manhattan, Meatpacking District in the northwest corner of Greenwich Village. Its name comes from ''Groenwijck'', Dutch language, Dutch for "Green District". In the 20th century, Greenwich Village was known as an artists' haven, the Bohemianism, bohemian capital, the cradle of the modern LGBTQ social movements, LGBTQ movement, and the East Coast birthplace of both the Beat Generation and counterculture of the 1960s. Greenwich Village contains Washington Square Park, as well as two of New York City's private colleges, New York University (NYU) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Red Scare
A Red Scare is a form of moral panic provoked by fear of the rise of left-wing ideologies in a society, especially communism and socialism. Historically, red scares have led to mass political persecution, scapegoating, and the ousting of those in government positions who have had connections with left-wing movements. The name is derived from the Red flag (politics), red flag, a common symbol of communism and socialism. The term is most often used to refer to two periods in the history of the United States which are referred to by this name. The First Red Scare, which occurred immediately after World War I, revolved around a perceived threat from the American labor movement, anarchist revolution, and political radicalism that followed revolutionary socialist movements in German revolution of 1918–1919, Germany and October Revolution, Russia during the 19th and early 20th centuries. The Second Red Scare, which occurred immediately after World War II, was preoccupied with the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communist Party USA
The Communist Party USA (CPUSA), officially the Communist Party of the United States of America, also referred to as the American Communist Party mainly during the 20th century, is a communist party in the United States. It was established in 1919 in the wake of the Russian Revolution, emerging from the far-left wing of the Socialist Party of America (SPA). The CPUSA sought to establish socialism in the U.S. via the principles of Marxism–Leninism, aligning itself with the Communist International (Comintern), which was controlled by the Soviet Union. The CPUSA's early years were marked by factional struggles and clandestine activities. The U.S. government viewed the party as a subversive threat, leading to mass arrests and deportations in the Palmer Raids of 1919–1920. Despite this, the CPUSA expanded its influence, particularly among industrial workers, immigrants, and African Americans. In the 1920s, the party remained a small but militant force. During the Great Depres ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agit-prop
Agitprop (; from , portmanteau of ''agitatsiya'', "agitation" and ''propaganda'', "propaganda") refers to an intentional, vigorous promulgation of ideas. The term originated in the Soviet Union where it referred to popular media, such as literature, plays, pamphlets, films, and other art forms, with an explicitly political message in favor of communism. The term originated in the Soviet Union as a shortened name for the Department for Agitation and Propaganda (, '), which was part of the central and regional committees of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. Within the party apparatus, both agitation (work among people who were not Communists) and propaganda (political work among party members) were the responsibility of the ''agitpropotdel'', or APPO. Its head was a member of the MK secretariat, although they ranked second to the head of the ''orgraspredotdel''. Typically Russian agitprop explained the ideology and policies of the Communist Party and attempted to persuade the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asheville, North Carolina
Asheville ( ) is a city in Buncombe County, North Carolina, United States. Located at the confluence of the French Broad River, French Broad and Swannanoa River, Swannanoa rivers, it is the county seat of Buncombe County. It is the most populous city in Western North Carolina and the state's List of municipalities in North Carolina, 11th-most-populous city with a population of 94,589 at the 2020 United States census, 2020 census. The four-county Asheville metropolitan area has an estimated 422,000 residents. History Origins Before the arrival of the European colonization of the Americas, European Colonists, the land where Asheville now exists lay within the boundaries of the Cherokee Nation, which had homelands in modern Western North Carolina, western North and South Carolina, southeastern Tennessee, and northeastern Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia. A town at the site of the river confluence was recorded as ''Guaxule'' by Spanish explorer Hernando de Soto during his 1540 expedi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Southern Tenant Farmers Union
The Southern Tenant Farmers Union (STFU), later known as the National Farm Labor Union, the National Agricultural Workers Union, and the Agricultural and Allied Workers Union, was founded as a civil farmer's trade union, union to organize tenant farmers in the Southern United States. Many such tenant farmer sharecroppers were Black descendants of former slaves. Originally set up in July 1934 during the Great Depression, the STFU was founded to help sharecroppers and tenant farmers get better arrangements from landowners. They were eager to improve their share of profit or subsidies and labour (economics), working conditions. The STFU was established as a response to policies of the Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA). Part of the New Deal, the AAA was a program to reduce production in order to increase prices of commodities; landowners were paid subsidies, which they were supposed to pass on to their tenants. The program was designed by President of the United States, P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marxism
Marxism is a political philosophy and method of socioeconomic analysis. It uses a dialectical and materialist interpretation of historical development, better known as historical materialism, to analyse class relations, social conflict, and social transformation. Marxism originates from the works of 19th-century German philosophers Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. Marxism has developed over time into various branches and schools of thought, and as a result, there is no single, definitive " Marxist theory". Marxism has had a profound effect in shaping the modern world, with various left-wing and far-left political movements taking inspiration from it in varying local contexts. In addition to the various schools of thought, which emphasize or modify elements of classical Marxism, several Marxian concepts have been incorporated into an array of social theories. This has led to widely varying conclusions. Alongside Marx's critique of political economy, the defining cha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Labor Union
A trade union (British English) or labor union (American English), often simply referred to as a union, is an organization of workers whose purpose is to maintain or improve the conditions of their employment, such as attaining better wages and Employee benefits, benefits, improving Work (human activity), working conditions, improving safety standards, establishing complaint procedures, developing rules governing status of employees (rules governing promotions, just-cause conditions for termination) and protecting and increasing the bargaining power of workers. Trade unions typically fund their head office and legal team functions through regularly imposed fees called ''union dues''. The union representatives in the workforce are usually made up of workplace volunteers who are often appointed by members through internal democratic elections. The trade union, through an elected leadership and bargaining committee, bargains with the employer on behalf of its members, known as t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
