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Advokat
Advokat (in English, ''advocate'') is the title in the Scandinavian languages reserved exclusively for lawyers who are duly authorized to practice law in the Nordic countries (i.e. Scandinavia, Finland, and Iceland). Usage by country Denmark Authorization to practice as ''advokat'' traditionally required the candidate to graduate from law school as Candidate of Law followed by three years of employment with a law firm or other eligible institution. In recent years, candidates have also been required to undergo training and to pass a bar examination administered by Advokatsamfundet, the Danish Bar and Law Society. To practice law as an ''advokat'', the lawyer must maintain a current membership with the Danish Bar and Law Society, which supervises its approximately 4,800 members. Apart from paying annual dues to the association, an ''advokat'' must also adhere to its professional code of conduct, and may face disciplinary action as a consequence of conduct deemed unprofessional b ...
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Swedish Bar Association
The Swedish Bar Association () is an organisation for Swedish lawyers, including members of the Bar practicing law, under the title of '' advokat'', a title which is protected by Swedish law and reserved for the exclusive use by the members of the Association. Since 1981, the association is located at ''Tryggerska villan'' in Diplomatstaden, Stockholm. See also * Advocate * Law of Sweden The law of Sweden is a civil law system, whose essence is manifested in its dependence on statutory law. Sweden's civil law tradition, as in the rest of Europe, is founded upon Roman law as codified in the ''Corpus Juris Civilis'', but as develo ... External links Swedish Bar AssociationCharter of the Swedish Bar Association
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Law School
A law school (also known as a law centre/center, college of law, or faculty of law) is an institution, professional school, or department of a college or university specializing in legal education, usually involved as part of a process for becoming a judge, lawyer, or other legal professional within a given jurisdiction. Depending on the country, legal system, or desired qualifications, the coursework is undertaken at undergraduate, graduate, or both levels. Law degrees Argentina In Argentina, lawyers-to-be need to obtain an undergraduate degree in law in order to practice the profession, as opposed to the US system in which a law degree is not obtained until successfully completing a postgraduate program. In spite of that, it is customary to call Argentine lawyers 'doctors,' although the vast majority of them do not hold a Juris Doctor degree. The reason lies in that the career was originally called 'Doctorate in Laws' (''Doctorado en Leyes''), which was an undergradua ...
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Scandinavia
Scandinavia is a subregion#Europe, subregion of northern Europe, with strong historical, cultural, and linguistic ties between its constituent peoples. ''Scandinavia'' most commonly refers to Denmark, Norway, and Sweden. It can sometimes also refer to the Scandinavian Peninsula (which excludes Denmark but includes a part of northern Finland). In English usage, Scandinavia is sometimes used as a synonym for Nordic countries. Iceland and the Faroe Islands are sometimes included in Scandinavia for their Ethnolinguistics, ethnolinguistic relations with Sweden, Norway and Denmark. While Finland differs from other Nordic countries in this respect, some authors call it Scandinavian due to its economic and cultural similarities. The geography of the region is varied, from the Norwegian fjords in the west and Scandinavian mountains covering parts of Norway and Sweden, to the low and flat areas of Denmark in the south, as well as archipelagos and lakes in the east. Most of the population ...
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Finnish Language
Finnish (endonym: or ) is a Finnic languages, Finnic language of the Uralic languages, Uralic language family, spoken by the majority of the population in Finland and by ethnic Finns outside of Finland. Finnish is one of the two official languages of Finland, alongside Swedish language, Swedish. In Sweden, both Finnish and Meänkieli (which has significant mutual intelligibility with Finnish) are official minority languages. Kven language, Kven, which like Meänkieli is mutually intelligible with Finnish, is spoken in the Norway, Norwegian counties of Troms and Finnmark by a minority of Finnish descent. Finnish is morphological typology, typologically agglutinative language, agglutinative and uses almost exclusively Suffix, suffixal affixation. Nouns, adjectives, pronouns, Numeral (linguistics), numerals and verbs are inflection, inflected depending on their role in the Sentence (linguistics), sentence. Sentences are normally formed with subject–verb–object word order, alth ...
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Professional Certification In Law
A professional is a member of a profession or any person who works in a specified professional activity. The term also describes the standards of education and training that prepare members of the profession with the particular knowledge and skills necessary to perform their specific role within that profession. In addition, most professionals are subject to strict codes of conduct, enshrining rigorous ethical and moral obligations. Professional standards of practice and ethics for a particular field are typically agreed upon and maintained through widely recognized professional associations, such as the IEEE. Some definitions of "professional" limit this term to those professions that serve some important aspect of public interest and the general good of society.Sullivan, William M. (2nd ed. 2005). ''Work and Integrity: The Crisis and Promise of Professionalism in America''. Jossey Bass.Gardner, Howard and Shulman, Lee S., The Professions in America Today: Crucial but Fragile. D ...
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Law Of Finland
The law of Finland (, ) is based on the civil law tradition, primarily consisting of statutory law promulgated by the Parliament of Finland. The constitution of Finland, originally approved in 1919 and rewritten in 2000, holds supreme authority and establishes key procedures for enacting and applying legislation. As is typical in civil law systems, judicial decisions are generally not authoritative, and there is limited development of precedent. Supreme Court decisions may be cited, but courts are not bound to follow previous rulings. As a member of the European Union, European Union law is in force in Finland, and Finland implements EU directives through national legislation. The Court of Justice of the European Union is the ultimate authority on matters within the competence of the European Union. Similar to Sweden, administrative law is interpreted by a separate system of administrative courts. Besides acts of parliament (''laki''), permanent government decrees (''asetus'' ...
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Law Of Sweden
The law of Sweden is a civil law system, whose essence is manifested in its dependence on statutory law. Sweden's civil law tradition, as in the rest of Europe, is founded upon Roman law as codified in the ''Corpus Juris Civilis'', but as developed within German law, rather than upon the Napoleonic Code. But, over time Sweden along with the other Scandinavian countries have deviated significantly from their classical Roman and German models. Instead, the Scandinavian countries (Sweden, Norway, and Denmark) together with Finland, the Faroe Islands, Greenland, Åland (self-governing) and Iceland may be said to have a special "Nordic" version of jurisprudence that is neither a truly civil law system nor a part of the British-derived common law legal system. Before reception of Roman-Germanic law, the Nordic countries had a deep common law tradition of their own, including juries (, ) delivering verdicts with a jurist as a chairman, general deliberative assemblies () under a lawspe ...
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Law Of Norway
Law in Norway follows a civil law system. The Supreme Court is the highest in the nation, with 20 justices. Overview The highest level of law is the Constitution of 17 May 1814. Statutes made under the Constitution are subordinate to it. Regulations made under such a statute are subordinate to such law. The first state-issued national Law-Code for Norway was Magnus Lagabøtes landslov (or the 'Code of the Norwegian Realm'), issued in 1274 by Magnus VI of Norway. It was followed in 1276 by the ''Magnus Lagabøtes bylov'', issued by the same king. The Constitution of Norway was adopted on 16 May 1814 by the Norwegian Constituent Assembly at Eidsvoll. Norwegian law, as well as the other Scandinavian legal systems, differ from their civil law continental counterparts by assigning a very high value on jurisprudence. Especially in private law, large parts of legal development are left to the Supreme Court. As an example, areas such as ordinary contract law are scarcely legislated ...
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Law Of Denmark
Law in Denmark follows a civil law system. Private law * The governs labour law concerning salaried employees. The governs vacation time for employees. * The governs consumer law. * The governs landlord–tenant law. * Privacy law in Denmark Public law * The is the criminal code. * The governs urban planning. * The governs social programs. * Abortion in Denmark * Danish nationality law History The law of Denmark was originally based on regional laws, of which the most important was the , or the Law of Jutland 1241. The , or the Danish Code of 1683, promoted unity. The law has been developed via judicial decisions and royal decrees. Roman law has not had much influence on the law of Denmark. See also *Courts of Denmark *Constitution of Denmark References *Blume, Peter. In Winterton and Moys. Information Sources in Law. Second Edition. Bowker-Saur. 1997. Chapter Nine: Denmark. Pages 149 to 162. External linksGuide to Law Online - Denmarkfrom the Library of Congress ...
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Norwegian Language
Norwegian ( ) is a North Germanic language from the Indo-European language family spoken mainly in Norway, where it is an official language. Along with Swedish and Danish, Norwegian forms a dialect continuum of more or less mutually intelligible local and regional varieties; some Norwegian and Swedish dialects, in particular, are very close. These Scandinavian languages, together with Faroese and Icelandic as well as some extinct languages, constitute the North Germanic languages. Faroese and Icelandic are not mutually intelligible with Norwegian in their spoken form because continental Scandinavian has diverged from them. While the two Germanic languages with the greatest numbers of speakers, English and German, have close similarities with Norwegian, neither is mutually intelligible with it. Norwegian is a descendant of Old Norse, the common language of the Germanic peoples living in Scandinavia during the Viking Age. Today there are two official forms of ''written'' ...
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Swedish Language
Swedish ( ) is a North Germanic languages, North Germanic language from the Indo-European languages, Indo-European language family, spoken predominantly in Sweden and parts of Finland. It has at least 10 million native speakers, making it the Germanic_languages#Statistics, fourth most spoken Germanic language, and the first among its type in the Nordic countries overall. Swedish, like the other North Germanic languages, Nordic languages, is a descendant of Old Norse, the common language of the Germanic peoples living in Scandinavia during the Viking Age. It is largely mutually intelligible with Norwegian language, Norwegian and Danish language, Danish, although the degree of mutual intelligibility is dependent on the dialect and accent of the speaker. Standard Swedish, spoken by most Swedes, is the national language that evolved from the Central Swedish dialects in the 19th century, and was well established by the beginning of the 20th century. While distinct regional Variety ( ...
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Liqueur
A liqueur ( , ; ) is an alcoholic drink composed of Liquor, spirits (often rectified spirit) and additional flavorings such as sugar, fruits, herbs, and spices. Often served with or after dessert, they are typically heavily sweetened and un-aged, beyond a resting period during production, when necessary, for their flavors to mingle. Liqueurs are historical descendants of herbal medicines. They were made in France as early as the 13th century, often prepared by monks (for example, Chartreuse (liqueur), Chartreuse). Today they are produced all over the world, commonly served neat, over ice, with coffee, in cocktails, and used in cooking. Etymology The French word ''liqueur'' is derived from the Latin ''liquifacere'', which means "to dissolve". In some parts of the United States and Canada, liqueurs may be referred to as cordials, or schnapps. This can cause confusion as in the United Kingdom a Squash (drink), cordial would refer to a non-alcoholic concentrated fruit syrup, typ ...
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